1. Pest and pesticides
The population of humans increased day after day, and the cultivation aria do not reatched to enough
food for these population.
So to production the enough food most be the system of cultivation produce high quality and quantity
with out any insecticides and also all the other population which exited in the some founa live why?
To reach to the natural balance.
Problems of insecticides:
Generally the insecticides used to control the pest and these methods .do not use psequest about the
insect such as information about habitats and hiluyeli ext but the farmase go to the (insecticides magasan )
and start to spraying these insecticides.
1- pest resurgence : the rotein used of insecticides followed by pest resurgence rafidly why?
Because the insecticides killed the beneficial insects (parasitoid and predators)
2- secondary pest outbreak : pest insect population after recover or quickly that the
predator insect population. So you do not want to kill all the insects in the garden. [this is why
outbreak of harmful insects sometimes follow chemical treatments]
3- pesticides resistance : resistance existed in some population which contain some genetic
which help these insect to life if it contact with pesticides. And after generation to other these
insects increased rapidly so the farmass also increased the doses of insecticides. in all these
insecticides killed natural enemies.
A. Small number of insects pesticide resistance.
B. Increase do not reach to plus half.
C. Increase and reach to plus half.
D. All the insects resistance.
4- Residues of pesticides: with continous uses of insecticides pest of these insecticides go to
insecticides soil , water , birds or the crops especially some insecticides are uses dangous for
humans and animal. So we need to biological control.
 Biological control is uses very important subject and it depended on natural fona.
 General the natural (dona) is balance , but when the humans used many methods to
controls the harmful insect pest , especially insecticides –the balances between the
harmful insects and beneficial insects reache to disterbalance.
 So when the harmful insects transporting from natural habitat to other habitat
without parasitoids and predators to which associated with it. There case is very
danger why? Because the population dynamics of harmful insects increased gradually
and rafidly finally the product f crop affecting and insects any be reached to
outbreak.