3. What is Intellectual Property ?
• Intellectual property refers to creations of the
mind:
– inventions,
– literary and artistic works, and
– symbols, names, and images used in commerce.
Intellectual property rights protect moral
and economic rights of creators
4. Categories of IP
• Industrial Property:
– patents for inventions,
– trademarks, industrial designs
– and geographical indications.
• Copyright:
– Literary works such as novels, poems and plays, films,
– musical works, artistic works such as drawings,
paintings, photographs and
– sculptures, and architectural designs.
6. Patents
• An exclusive right granted for an invention, which
is a product or a process that provides a new way
of doing something, or offers a new technical
solution to a problem.
• A patent provides
protection for the
invention to the owner
of the patent.
• Limited period, generally 20 years.
7. Trademark
• A trademark is a distinctive sign, which
identifies certain goods or services as those
produced or provided by a specific person or
enterprise.
• The system helps consumers identify and
purchase a product or service because its
nature and quality, indicated by its unique
trademark, meets their needs.
8. Non-Traditional Marks
• Smell marks e.g. smell of freshly cut grass
emanating from tennis balls
• Sound marks (e.g. sound of a Harley Davidson
motorcycle)
• Taste marks
9. Industrial Design
• Ornamental or aesthetic aspect of an article.
• The design may consist of three-dimensional
features, such as the shape or surface of an
article, or of two-dimensional features, such
as patterns, lines or color.
10. Geographical Indication
• A sign used on goods that have a specific
geographical origin and possess qualities or a
reputation that are due to that place of origin.
11. Copyright
• Copyright is the body of laws which grants
authors, artists and other creators protection
for their literary and artistic creations.
• novels, poems, plays,
newspapers,
computer programs,
databases, films,
musical compositions,
paintings, drawings
