Indoor Air Pollution in India- In India, one of the main causes of preventable fatalities is indoor air pollution. The World Health Organisation (WHO) has noted in a report that three billion Indian women are at risk of fatal health effects from indoor pollution. Pollution can be decreased by using fewer fossil fuels, quitting smoking indoors, and adding purifying plants.

1. Understanding Indoor Air Pollution in India: Risks, Solutions & More
In India, one of the main causes of preventable fatalities is indoor air pollution. The
World Health Organisation (WHO) has noted in a report that three billion Indian
women are at risk of fatal health effects from indoor pollution. Pollution can be
decreased by using fewer fossil fuels, quitting smoking indoors, and adding
purifying plants.
Are you searching flats for rent in Seawoods?
Winter has brought with it a heavy blanket of poisonous haze that has begun to
affect major cities, leading to a low Air Quality Index. The government has requested
that people limit their outside activity in order to lessen the effects of the bad air.
But interior air pollution can be just as deadly as outside air pollution. Indians' life
expectancy is being shortened by five years due to indoor air pollution, per the Air
Quality Life Index (AQLI) research. According to studies, this air pollution is the
primary cause of 4.5 million deaths annually.
Aerosols, poor building construction, and insufficient ventilation are the main
contributors to the startling rate of indoor air pollution. The risk of respiratory
illnesses, heart problems, and strokes is increased by prolonged exposure to indoor
air containing elevated amounts of carbon monoxide & carbon dioxide.

2. Understanding India's indoor air pollution
India's indoor air quality (IAQ) has gotten worse over time in both urban and rural
areas. The amount of particulate matter (PM2.5) in indoor air has skyrocketed in
India, beyond acceptable limits. Heart difficulties and respiratory illnesses are
among the many health concerns that have increased as a result of poor IAQ.
A research conducted by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP)
found that indoor air pollution ranges from 22 to 52 percent. The use of fragrance
and the burning of fossil fuels have greatly boosted these levels. Thus, the National
Clean Air Programme (NCAP) and the Green Rating for Integrated Habitat
Assessment (GRIHA) have recommended using air purifiers and enough ventilation
to lower the levels in order to solve the problem.
Common indoor air pollutants
The following list of typical indoor air contaminants and how they affect health and
wellbeing:
Mold
A typical indoor air contaminant that grows in moist, poorly ventilated spaces is
mould. These can be seen growing on a variety of surfaces, such as HVAC systems,
walls, and ceilings. Long-term mould exposure causes allergies and respiratory
problems.
Tobacco smoke
The main source of tobacco smoke indoors is the indoor use of tobacco products like
cigars and cigarettes. The dangerous substances in smoke, known as carcinogens,
can cause lung cancer, heart disease, and a variety of other respiratory conditions.
Carpets
Although they are aesthetically pleasing and comfortable, carpets can also hold
allergies, dust, and pet dander. These need to be maintained on a regular basis
because they might aggravate symptoms of allergies and asthma.

3. Pet dander
Household pets like cats and dogs lose skin cells, fur, and saliva, which results in the
production of pet dander. For those who are allergic to them, these danders can
cause asthma attacks and allergies. Better indoor air quality can be anticipated,
nevertheless, with routine cleaning and air filtration.
Household products
Common household items that release volatile organic compounds (VOCs) into the
interior air include paints, air fresheners, and cleaning supplies. These VOCs cause
indoor air pollution, which irritates the eyes, throat, and headaches people suffer.
The best methods for improving indoor air quality
Appropriate ventilation methods
To a large degree, increasing indoor air quality requires proper ventilation. Indoor
air pollution can be two to five times worse than outside air pollution, according to
the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). Simple solutions like opening
windows and utilizing exhaust fans should be used to stop this. These aid in clearing
the air of impurities and stale air, which revitalizes it. A healthy atmosphere is
promoted by adequate ventilation, which lowers the concentration of indoor air
pollutants, such as carbon dioxide and volatile organic compounds (VOCs).
Air purifiers: their importance
An air purifier is a machine that filters out airborne particles like smoke, pollen,
dust, and other contaminants. It effortlessly eliminates air contaminants by drawing
stale air from the surrounding atmosphere. High-efficiency particulate air filters, or
HEPA filters, are the most widely used kind of filters. The threads of this filter catch
tiny particles. Furthermore, certain filters have activated carbon built in, which can
absorb particles that cause odours and UV rays, lowering the pollution level.

4. Natural techniques for purifying the air
Indoor plants that naturally purify the air include spider plants and peace lilies.
Certain plants, such aloe vera, golden pothos, English ivy, and weeping can readily
eliminate indoor air pollutants like formaldehyde, benzene, and ammonia, according
to NASA's Clean Air Study. Indoor air pollutants are greatly reduced by these plants.
Controlling humidity's role
To guarantee improved indoor air quality, it is imperative to maintain ideal levels of
indoor humidity. The ideal range for indoor humidity is 30 to 50 percent, according
to the EPA. Dust mites and mould, two common indoor air pollutants, are less likely
to survive and spread when humidity is properly controlled. Better air quality can
be achieved by using dehumidifiers and humidifiers to help manage humidity.
Selecting an appropriate air purifier
Popular air purifiers that are supposed to lower indoor air pollution levels include
the following ones:
Air purifier type Price (Rs)
Mi Air Purifier 9,500
Honeywell Air Touch Air Purifier 12,900
Dyson Pure Cool Link Tower Air
Purifier TP03
28,000
Phillips High-Efficiency Air Purifier
AC2887
19,000
Levoit Air Purifier with True HEPA
Filter
17,000
Blueair Blue Pure 211+ Air Purifier 20,900
Coway AP-1512 HH Mighty Air Purifier 29,946

5. Index of indoor plants that work well in Indian households
These 11 well-liked houseplants are appropriate for Indian homes:
Aloe vera
Aloe Vera eliminates formaldehyde and benzene from the air, soothing the skin in
the process. Well-drained soil and indirect sunlight are ideal for its growth. It
thrives in slightly shaded areas with moist soil and has antibacterial qualities.
Golden Pothos
Indoor air pollution can be effectively eliminated using Golden Pothos. It requires
little upkeep and grows well in indirect light. It grows quickly and maintains its
green colour even when kept in the dark.
Peace Lily
Peace Lilies are great interior air purifiers; they eliminate formaldehyde, ammonia,
and other contaminants. They clear the breathing room by favoring moderate
watering and low light.

6. English Ivy
English ivy is well-known for its ability to purify the air by lowering pollutants and
mould in the atmosphere. It needs steady hydration and bright, indirect light, but
standing water should be kept out of its way.
Weeping Fig
You can use Weeping Figs in the room to absorb toxins from the carpet, curtains,
and furniture. It should, therefore, be positioned close to a window so that it
receives both direct and indirect light.
Azalea (Rhododendron Simsii)
Azaleas are an excellent choice for indoor plants since they clean the air of
impurities like plywood and foam. Furthermore, these are easily grown in strong
indirect light and prefer soil that is continually moist.
Warneck Dracaena
Toxins including formaldehyde, trichloroethylene, and xylene are eliminated from
the environment by these towering plants. They are low maintenance, grow well in
moderate light, and need to be watered frequently.

7. Bamboo Palm
Bamboo palms are great indoor plants to get rid of formaldehyde and benzene from
the air. Regular watering and bright, indirect light are preferred for these plants.
Snake Plant
Snake plants are great air filters because they absorb benzene and formaldehyde.
They don't need to be watered frequently; however, they do not tolerate much light.
Money Plant
Money plants require little maintenance and eliminate pollutants from the air. These
plants need modest watering and do best in indirect light.

8. Green Spider Plant
Formaldehyde and xylene can be effectively eliminated from the atmosphere by
spider plants. These plants prefer slightly damp soil and grow best in indirect light.
The risks of smoking inside
Second-hand smoke is a hazardous condition that arises when someone smokes
inside of closed premises. Nonsmokers in this condition are exposed to toxic
vapours that negatively impact their health, especially children and the elderly. The
main risks connected to smoking inside are as follows:
 Adults who are exposed to secondhand smoke have a 25–30% increased risk
of heart disease and stroke.
 Lung cancer and asthma can both be brought on by prolonged exposure to
cigarette smoke.
 Indoor smoking has been linked to delayed lung development, asthma,
bronchitis, and middle ear infections in children.
Policy from the government pertaining to indoor air quality
Ujjwala Yojana Pradhan Mantri (PMUY)
One of the main sources of indoor air pollution is the burning of biomass fuels for
cooking. In an effort to reduce pollution, the government provides families in both
rural and urban regions that fall below the poverty line (BPL) with discounted LPG
petrol. By encouraging the use of LPG instead of conventional cooking techniques,
this programme lowers the amount of indoor air pollution. According to a WRI
assessment, the Ujjwala Yojana has reduced the number of deaths in India by 13
percent, averting 1.5 lakh deaths. Additionally, 1.8 million tonnes of fine particulate
matter have been avoided because to this approach.
Programme for National Clean Air (NCAP)
The goal of the NCAP programme was to lower outdoor air quality by lowering total
air pollution levels. Through the use of air quality monitoring, this effort seeks to
enhance the quality of the air in Indian cities. To preserve good indoor air quality,
building designs must adhere to a number of rules and regulations that specify
appropriate ventilation, hygienic cooking, and living spaces.

9. GRIHA
One of the leading assessment groups, GRIHA, has released a number of guidelines
aimed at enhancing indoor air quality. According to the GRIHA's advisories, using
clean fuels and cutting back on smoking and cologne use inside enclosed spaces are
the best ways to maintain indoor air quality. They have also recommended HVAC
(heating, ventilation, & air conditioning) control and management, air purifier
installation, and IAQ-improving plants.
In conclusion, India's declining indoor air quality has turned into a serious health
issue. High levels of indoor air pollution strain government health systems in
addition to exacerbating health problems. Owing to the potential for danger, the
problem necessitates a multifaceted strategy for cutting back on fossil fuel
consumption, increasing ventilation, and cleaning indoor plants. Together, these
initiatives will not only improve the quality of the air, but also people's lives in
general.
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