inflamatory bowel disease

1. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
(IBD)
- Prepared by
group members under Dr. Karpagha
Presented by
Dr. Karpagavalli Team
1

2. Contents
Gastrointestinal tract
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD)
Crohn’s disease
Ulcerative colitis disease
Risk factors
Diagnosis
Therapy
2

3. Gastrointestinal tract
3

4. Inflammatory Bowel Disease
Inflammatory Bowel Disease (IBD) is a group of chronic inflammatory conditions that affect the
digestive tract.
IBD is classified into the two main types of diseases:
Ulcerative Disease
• Affect only large intestine
• Continuous inflammation
• Mucosal and submucosal
layers are affected
4

5. Affects of both types of IBD on healthy parts of colon:
5

6. “WHAT IS CROHN’S DISEASE?”
But discuss symptom
management with your
physician to reduce the effect.
CROHNS DISEASE IS A CHRONIC ILLNESS
• Inflammatory bowel disease that causes chronic
inflammation of the GI tract.
• Immune-related (triggered by pathogen)
• Th cells releases cytokines macrophages attracts
inflammatory substances uncontrollable
inflammation
• Genetic:Mutations in NOD2(CARD15)
SYMPTOMS
Crampy pain in
the abdomen
Fatigue
Loss of
appetite and
weight loss
Tenesmus
Diarrhea
6

7. CLASSIFICATION OF CROHN’S DISEASE:
ILEUM
CD affects anywhere in the GT(mouth to anus). But the
most affected areas are ileum and colon.
On the basis of area of gastrointestinal tract which it
effects:
COLON
• ILEOCOLIC CROHN’S DISEASE:
Affects both ileum and colon.
(50%)
• CROHN’S ILEITIS: Affects the
ileum only(30%)
• CROHN’S COLITIS : Affects the
large intestine(20%)
7

8. INFLAMMATION ON INFLAMMATION OFF
IMMUNE SYSTEM IS
NOT ABLE TO TURN
ITSELF OFF EVEN
AFTER GETTING RID
OF THE BACTERIA!!!
8

9. ULCERS IN TRANSVERSE COLON LONGITUDINAL ULCERS AND
COBBLE STONE APPEARANCE
mucosa
Sub mucosa
muscle
INTESTINAL WALL(TRANSMURAL): some default in epithelial cells lets the pathogens through, immune
system activated through antigen presentation, ultimately leads to unregulated inflammation and
ulcers form(crators).Areas of inflammation are scattered –COBBLESTONE APPEARANCE
serosa
CRATORS
UNREGULATED
INFLAMMATION
NORMAL COLON
9

10. Ulcerative colitis
•Inflammation of the mucosa and submucosa of the large intestine.
Environmental
Factor
Mucosal
Immune
Response
Commensal
Microbial
Antigen
T Regulatory
Response
Th1, Th2 or Th
17 mediated
inflammatory
response
Tissue injury
Clinical symptoms
Genetic
Regulation of
barrier function
and bacteria
Regulation
of immune
response
10

11. Pathophysiology
11

12. 12

13. Types of ulcerative colitis and symptoms
SYMPTOMS
Rectal
bleeding
Diarrhoea
Abdominal
pain
Weight loss
Urgency to
defecate
Rectal
pain
Fatigu
e
Fever
13

14. Risk factor
Complex interactions between each factor occurs, leading to development of IBD.
14

15. Diagnosis of IBD
Physical history
Imaging information
Laboratory test
No single test specific enough to diagnose
Or rule out IBD
15

16. IBD Therapy
MLC – Myosin light chain
PAMR -Perijunctional actomyosin ring
The increased phosphorylation of MLC induced by elevated levels of TNF-α in IBD is
prevented and barrier function is restored.
16

17. Knowledge Gap in IBD
THANK YOU
17