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IDEA CETL Applied Ethics Research seminar
University of Leeds
14th March 2011




                     Benjamin D. Hennig
                     Department of Geography, University of Sheffield
I.     Introduction:
           Maps of the planet’s well-being
    II.    Worldmapper
    III.   A New Projection for a Human Planet
    IV.    The Map of (Un)Happy People
    V.     Conclusion & Outlook:
           Better Understanding through Visualisation




The Road to Happiness
{   I. Introduction:
    Maps of the planet’s well-being
An Unhappy Planet?




              http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/03/predicting-revolution-the-index-of-potential-unrest/71743/
A Happy Planet?




         24 of the richest countries of the world (by GDP per capita) which are home to at least two million people,
                            they are home to 13% of the world’s population, and almost 50% of world income (GDP)
A Rich Planet!




                 The world resized according to each country’s gross domestic product
                              Source: modified and updated map from www.worldmapper .org




       +                         =
Source: Prosperity without growth? Sustainable Development Commission (2009)
‚…being ‘happy’ is more than just having
               a smile on your face – we use the term
                   subjective well-being to capture its
            complexity. Aside from feeling ‘good’, it
              also incorporates a sense of individual
                   vitality, opportunities to undertake
               meaningful, engaging activities which
                    confer feelings of competence and
          autonomy, and the possession of a stock of
           inner resources that helps one cope when
           things go wrong. Well-being is also about
             feelings of relatedness to other people –
            both in terms of close relationships with
               friends and family, and belonging to a
                                    wider community.‛
                                                  (Source: new economics foundation
                        http://www.happyplanetindex.org/learn/calculating/global.html)




Happiness & Well-being
An Unhappy Planet?




      =       +
{   II. Worldmapper
www.worldmapper.org




 Land Area                                                                 World Population




People killed in Earthquakes   Total Wealth (GDP) 2015   Nuclear Weapons
{   III. A New Projection for a Human Planet
Sheep Map of Great Britain:                                                               Map of Sheep in England:
http://www.stitchdirect.com/shopWebSite/php/showProducts.php?plu=MW1076   http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6919829.stm
…mapping people, not sheep
EU Population Cartogram
World Population Cartogram with Elevation
Gridded Population Cartogram vs. Worldmapper Population Cartogram
A Human Planet




            This is a reprojection of the population distribution, showing where most people are living
{   IV. The Map of (Un)Happy People
(Un)Happy Humanity
{   V. Conclusion & Outlook:
    Better Understanding through Visualisation
Voter’s Well-being:
Few agree with Nick
Myanmar / Burma Population Cartogram with Elevation   Bangladesh Population Cartogram with Elevation




                People’s Environments:
                Vulnerable Coasts

Elevation [m]
GDP Density
The Real Shape of Economic Activity
Economic Activity
One World – Many Planets




The map shows the ecological footprint (EF), a measure of the resources used per head in each country. A EF of 2.1 global hectares
  per capita equals one-planet living on the basis that everyone is entitled to the same amount of the planet’s natural resources.
                                  Data Source: New Economics Foundation, Happy Planet Index
One Planet – Many People




When we draw the same map upon the world population cartogram it may not initially appear to be so bad.
          The countries that consume too much contain fewer people, so not such a problem?
    However...This map is still misleading – we need to reproject the basemap again for a fair picture
Few People – Many Planets




If we reproject the globe again so that the area of each grid cell is drawn in proportion to the ecological impact of the people who live
in that area, then we see that most of the damage is being caused by the rich world and more of that (per capita) by the most unequal
                                           countries of the rich world (which China services).
Watch all slides of this talk again and see many other maps: www.viewsoftheworld.net




                         Who is happy here?
                   People having no light at night,
                   or those who can afford to waste
                 - and shine so much up into space?

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Mapping people, not sheep: Why our planet's well-being can look so different

  • 1. IDEA CETL Applied Ethics Research seminar University of Leeds 14th March 2011 Benjamin D. Hennig Department of Geography, University of Sheffield
  • 2. I. Introduction: Maps of the planet’s well-being II. Worldmapper III. A New Projection for a Human Planet IV. The Map of (Un)Happy People V. Conclusion & Outlook: Better Understanding through Visualisation The Road to Happiness
  • 3. { I. Introduction: Maps of the planet’s well-being
  • 4. An Unhappy Planet? http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/03/predicting-revolution-the-index-of-potential-unrest/71743/
  • 5. A Happy Planet? 24 of the richest countries of the world (by GDP per capita) which are home to at least two million people, they are home to 13% of the world’s population, and almost 50% of world income (GDP)
  • 6. A Rich Planet! The world resized according to each country’s gross domestic product Source: modified and updated map from www.worldmapper .org + =
  • 7. Source: Prosperity without growth? Sustainable Development Commission (2009)
  • 8. ‚…being ‘happy’ is more than just having a smile on your face – we use the term subjective well-being to capture its complexity. Aside from feeling ‘good’, it also incorporates a sense of individual vitality, opportunities to undertake meaningful, engaging activities which confer feelings of competence and autonomy, and the possession of a stock of inner resources that helps one cope when things go wrong. Well-being is also about feelings of relatedness to other people – both in terms of close relationships with friends and family, and belonging to a wider community.‛ (Source: new economics foundation http://www.happyplanetindex.org/learn/calculating/global.html) Happiness & Well-being
  • 9.
  • 11. { II. Worldmapper
  • 12. www.worldmapper.org Land Area World Population People killed in Earthquakes Total Wealth (GDP) 2015 Nuclear Weapons
  • 13. { III. A New Projection for a Human Planet
  • 14. Sheep Map of Great Britain: Map of Sheep in England: http://www.stitchdirect.com/shopWebSite/php/showProducts.php?plu=MW1076 http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/uk/6919829.stm
  • 15.
  • 18. World Population Cartogram with Elevation
  • 19. Gridded Population Cartogram vs. Worldmapper Population Cartogram
  • 20. A Human Planet This is a reprojection of the population distribution, showing where most people are living
  • 21. { IV. The Map of (Un)Happy People
  • 23. { V. Conclusion & Outlook: Better Understanding through Visualisation
  • 24.
  • 26. Myanmar / Burma Population Cartogram with Elevation Bangladesh Population Cartogram with Elevation People’s Environments: Vulnerable Coasts Elevation [m]
  • 28. The Real Shape of Economic Activity
  • 30. One World – Many Planets The map shows the ecological footprint (EF), a measure of the resources used per head in each country. A EF of 2.1 global hectares per capita equals one-planet living on the basis that everyone is entitled to the same amount of the planet’s natural resources. Data Source: New Economics Foundation, Happy Planet Index
  • 31. One Planet – Many People When we draw the same map upon the world population cartogram it may not initially appear to be so bad. The countries that consume too much contain fewer people, so not such a problem? However...This map is still misleading – we need to reproject the basemap again for a fair picture
  • 32. Few People – Many Planets If we reproject the globe again so that the area of each grid cell is drawn in proportion to the ecological impact of the people who live in that area, then we see that most of the damage is being caused by the rich world and more of that (per capita) by the most unequal countries of the rich world (which China services).
  • 33. Watch all slides of this talk again and see many other maps: www.viewsoftheworld.net Who is happy here? People having no light at night, or those who can afford to waste - and shine so much up into space?

Editor's Notes

  1. Eight key variables: human capital levels in combination with percent of the workforce in the creative class, life satisfaction, GDP per capita, perceptions about local labor market conditions, Internet access, freedom, tolerance, and honesty in electionsMap Source: http://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2011/03/predicting-revolution-the-index-of-potential-unrest/71743/
  2. GDP Density according to Geography and Economic Development (Gallup, Sachs & Mellinger)