This document summarizes key concepts about multithreaded programs including what a thread is, the advantages and disadvantages of multithreading, and common issues that can arise like race conditions and deadlocks. It also outlines the different ways to create threads and the typical lifecycle of a thread.

1. Multithread program
Vu Hai Ninh

2. What is thread?

3. What is thread?
- A thread is a single sequential flow of control within a program.
- Thread does not have its own address space but uses the memory and
other resources of the process in which it executes.
- There may be several threads in one process
- The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) manages these and schedules them for
execution.

4. Advantage points
- better use of system resources
- parallelize tasks
- enhanced performance on multi-processor machines

5. Disadvantage points
- Difficulty of writing code, increased complexity
- Difficulty of debugging, result is sometimes unpredictable
- Difficulty of managing concurrency, synchronization of shared resources
(objects, data); "starvation": some threads may not be served with a bad
design.
- Difficulty of testing

6. Single Threaded & Multithreaded
- Single: have only one follow of codes
- Multi threads: have two or more follow of codes

7. Thread life cycle

8. Creating thread
- Thread class in the java.lang package allows you to create and manage
threads. Each thread is a separate instance of this class.
- A new thread can be created in two ways:
- 1. By extending a thread class
- 2. By implementing an interface Runnable or Callable

9. Problems
- Race condition
- Deadlock
- Resource starvation

10. Race condition

11. To avoid it
- Lock.
- Synchronized.
- Semaphore.
- Monitor.

12. Lock

13. Synchronize

14. Deadlock

15. Thank you!