Literature Presentation Mary Meg Evans December 10, 2012
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Literature Presentation Mary Meg Evans December 10, 2012
- 1. LITERATURE PRESENTATION MARY MEG EVANS DECEMBER 10, 2012 Theoretical Foundations of Practice Mary McGill
- 2. Research findings related to nursing concepts • The careful nursing system • Person • Environment • Health • Nursing
- 3. The ten key concepts of careful nursing 1. Disinterested love 2. Contagious calmness 3. Creation of a restorative environment 4. Perfect skill in fostering safety and comfort 5. Nursing interventions 6. Health education 7. Participatory-authoritative management 8. Trustworthy collaboration 9. Power derived from service 10. Nurses care for themselves
- 4. Nursing Model (Connell-Meehan, 2003, p. 105)
- 5. Irish nursing history • Began as recruits from the poor population (Fealy, 2004) • Original Irish nurses dressed in clothing similar to nuns but considered themselves secular • Nursing became a religious order as the importance of their work was realized • The Sisters of Mercy developed home and hospital nursing 30 years prior to Nightingale’s Notes on Nursing. • As nursing gained importance it became a noble and virtuous role (Fealy, 2004).
- 6. Nursing practice today is based on historical practices Clinical Judgment Advocacy and Moral Agency Caring Practices Collaboration Systems Thinking Response to Diversity Facilitation of Learning Clinical Inquiry
- 7. References The AACN Synergy Model for Patient Care. (2012). Retrieved from The American Association of Critical Care Nurses: http://www.aacn.org Connell-Meehan, T. (2003, May). Careful nursing: a model for contemporary nursing practice. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 44(1), 99-107. Fealy, G. M. (2004, June). "The good nurse": visions and values in images of the nurse. journal of Advanced Nursing, 46(6), 649-656. Hussey, T. (2009, April). Nursing and Spirituality. Nursing Philosphy, 10(2), 71-80. Nelson, S. (1997, July). Pastoral care and moral government early nineteenth century nursing and solutions to the Irish question. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 26(1), 6-14.
Editor's Notes
- Locate a peer-reviewed article on critical components of contemporary nursing knowledge. The article chosen for this project is: Careful Nursing : a model for contemporary nursing practice.
- According to Connell-Meehan (2003) “ Irelands legacy of nursing has been described as the careful nursing system” (p. 99) The method used to research and develop this model involved a review and reading of documentation regarding the use of careful nursing during the Crimean war and relating it to contemporary nursing concepts. During this review it was discovered that this system contained the four metaparadigms that are in use to guide in the development of nursing theory. The four concepts are described below:Person is defined as a spiritual, physical, emotional, and social being. In the careful nursing system spirituality is fundamental and unifies the person. All dimensions of the person express their spiritual nature.Environment includes all the dimensions of the person and is “permeated by the Supreme Being’s love, purposefulness, and healing presence in the world” (Connell-Meehan, 2003, p. 101).Health is the absence of disease but also encompasses harmony of all dimensions and having a sense of purpose in life. It includes the ability to adjust to instances that cannot be altered such as chronic illness or permanent physical or emotional changes within a person.Nursing is our response to human needs for care, empathy, and protection during illness.
- Description of nursing concepts: Ireland provides us with a clear accounting of how nursing came to be. Penal codes present since 1680 did not allow Irish Catholics to provide any sort of care to it’s own members. As the penal codes dissipated in the early 1900s a second obstacle presented itself to providing care, a lack of nursing services. The Sisters of Charity were formed to visit homes and care for the poor in hospitals (Nelson, 1997). In 1827 the Sisters of Mercy were formed by Catherine McAuley she considered this to be a secular group but as their work developed and it’s importance realized they became a religious order further defining the spiritual aspect of their care. Nursing care entailed physical, emotional, and a spiritual perspective. According to Connell-Meehan “it was important to relieve the distress first and to endeavor every practicable means to promote the cleanliness, ease, and comfort of the patient” (p. 100). Nurses should be kind, gentle, and patient in all interactions with the infirmed. It is also noted that Florence Nightingale by the end of the war requested details of the system and it is unknown if these details were incorporated into her Notes on Nursing but it was interesting to note the similarities between the two nursing practices. Many of the ten concepts are self-explanatory but a few require some definition Disinterested love which supports the attitude of tenderness, impartial, sympathetic care.Perfect skill refers to the continuous observation and monitoring of the patients status.Participatory-authoritative management is the approach that nurses take through knowledge and experience in caring and being responsible for patients.Power derived from service simply stated is careful nursing practice when providing care.
- When the model is first seen it appears to be a back to basics narrow model due to it’s emphasis on spirituality but upon closer look it defines important aspects of nursing. These aspects are just as important today as they were in the 19th century. It is also assumed that no one model is acceptable to all nurses. The model notes the importance of clinical excellence through the ten key practice concepts. The question the model raises is how is spirituality defined. Spirituality in a person is a compliment and it is not difficult to understand that nurses are concerned with their patients state of spirituality. The difficulty with spirituality is that it has often been described as a contrast to medical or physical care, meaning it is not one or the other. In regards to nursing there is no exact definition but it is maintained that “nurses need a set of social, psychological, and personal skills combined with sensitivity, open-mindedness, and tolerance” ( Hussey, 2009, p. 78). Nurses also require excellent listening skills, the ability to take note of emotional distress, provide empathy, and remain unbiased.
- When I first came across this article the title caught my eye, upon further investigation it contained a history of nursing that I was not familiar with. My nursing education began with Florence Nightingale, being of Irish Catholic descent I found it intriguing that another history existed that appears to be well documented yet , to my knowledge, not typically part of current nursing education. Nursing roots are deep in Irish history dating back to before the Crimean war , nursing orders were developed using careful nursing. This form of nursing was taught and utilized during cholera epidemics and resulted in smaller mortality rates compared to other forms of nursing in use. As more ladies joined and were taught careful nursing it was eventually spread to London, by Clara Moore who later accompanied Nightingale to the Crimean war. It is also noted that Frances Warde was responsible for bringing careful nursing to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania from where it eventually spread across the United States (Connell-Meehan, 2003).
- Nursing care throughout history continues to reflect similar characteristics, all of the above competencies that are necessary for todays nursing can be traced back throughout the growth and development of nursing practice. Nursing continues to demonstrate a mix of knowledge, skills, experience, and attitudes required to provide excellent care to our patients (“The AACN Synergy Model For Patient Care”, 2012). The ten key concepts of nursing were identified through a review of documented Irish nursing history and continue their relevance in my nursing practice today each time I meet a patient, their family, and work with my fellow nurses.Clinical decision making and critical thinking gained through education, experience and evidence-based practiceTaking into consideration the concerns of the patient, family, and nursing staff to resolve non-medical concernsPromote comfort and healing in a therapeutic environment for patient, family, and staff.Working with the patient, family, and other health care providers to achieve goals.Knowledge and tools that assist the nurse to manage whatever resources exist for the patient, family, and staff.Create a formal or informal learning environment for patients, family, and staff.Continuation of questioning and evaluating nursing practices and creating change through research. (“The AACN Synergy Model For Patient Care”, 2012).