-introduction - classification -- anatomic -- true radiolucencies - apical periodontitis -- clinical features -- radiographic findings - periapical abcess -- clinical features -- radiographic findings - periapical granuloma -- clinical features -- radiographic findings - periapical cyst -- clinical features --radiographic findings - periapical cemental dysplasia -- clinical features -- radiographic findings - thank you

1. Submitted by: Sapna Gautam (15034)
Submitted to: Department of Oral
Medicine and Radiology

2. CONTENTS
– INTRODUCTION
– CLASSIFICATION
– APICAL PERIODONTITIS
– PERIAPICAL ABSCESS
– PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
– PERIAPICAL CYST
– PERIAPICAL CEMENTAL DYSPLASIA

3. – Periapical radiolucency is the descriptive term for
radiographic changes which are most often due to apical
periodontitis and radicular cysts, that is, inflammatory
bone lesions around the apex of the tooth which develop
if bacteria are spread from the oral cavity through a
caries-affected tooth with necrotic dental pulp.

4. CLASSIFICATION
– ANATOMIC PSEUDOPERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENCY
– TRUE PERIAPICAL RADIOLUCENT LESIONS

5. ANATOMIC
Peculiar to maxilla
Intermaxillary suture
Incisive foramen
Nasal cavity
Naris
Nasolacrimal duct
Maxillary sinus
Greater palatine foramen
Peculiar to mandible
Midline symphysis
Mental fossa
Mental foramen
Lingual foramen
Mandibular canal
Mandibular foramen
Submandibular fossa
Common to both jaws
Marrow space
Dental papilla
Early stages of tooth
development cryptE

6. TRUE RADIOLUCENCIES
– APICAL PERIODONTITIS
– PERIAPICAL ABSCESS
– PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
– PERIAPICAL CYST
– PERIAPICAL CEMENTAL DYSPLASIA

7. APICAL PERIODONTITIS
– Inflammation of periodontal ligament around the root apex

8. – RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING
Widening of PDL space

9. PERIAPICAL ABSCESS
– A periapical abscess is a collection of pus at the root of a tooth, usually caused by an infection that has
spread from a tooth to the surrounding tissue

10. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING
– Slight thickening of PDL space
– Radiolucent area at apex of root

11. PERIAPICAL GRANULOMA
– Periapical granuloma is a chronic inflammation located at the apex of a non vital tooth. It comprises of
granulation and scar tissue permeated by diverse inflammatory cells (lymphocytes, plasma cells, macrophages,
mast cells
–

12. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING
– well circumscribed, oval or rounded
– radiolucency surrounding apex of
tooth
– Size is less than 1c.m
– Sometimes thin opaque line or zone of
sclerotic bone seen outlining the lesion

13. PERIAPICAL CYST
– Periapical cysts, also known as radicular cysts, are the most frequent cystic lesion related to teeth (see
mandibular lesions) and result from infection of the tooth
–

14. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING
– Presents as a round/ovoid
radiolucency with sclerotic
borders and associated with
pulpally affected tooth
– Rarely induce resorption of
affected teeth

15. PERIAPICAL CEMENTAL DYSPLASIA
– Periapical cemental dysplasia is a benign condition mostly seen in patients over
20 years of age and is more common in women. The lesion occurs in and near
the periodontal ligament around the apex of a tooth, usually a mandibular
incisor

16. RADIOGRAPHIC FINDING
– Early-stage lesions: minute radiolucencies
– Later stage-minute radiolucencies enlarge
Tend to coalesce the radiopacities could
Consist of ground-glass appearance