The document describes a system for precision agriculture using IoT. It involves sensors collecting environmental data from fields and feeding it to a control board connected to actuators like irrigation systems. The data is also sent to an IoTtalk engine and AgriTalk server in the cloud for analysis and remote access/control through an AgriGUI interface. Equations were developed to estimate nutrient levels like nitrogen from sensor readings to help optimize crop growth.

1. 1
Bridging AI to Precision
Agriculture through IoT
Yi-Bing Lin
Chair Professor
CSIE/NCTU
Email: liny@nctu.edu.tw

2. Weather Station
Field Bao-2

3. Weather Station
Field Bao-3

4. Irrigation System
Field Bao-4

5. IDF-n
IDF-1
IDF-2
IDF-3
DA
Sensors
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Sensor-1
Sensor-2
Sensor-3
AgriCtl Board (SnsrCtl)
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Actuators
IDA-n
ODF-1
ODF-2
ODF-3
DA
Relay-1
Relay-2
Relay-3
AgriCtl Board (ActrCtl)
IoTtalk
Engine
ArgiGUI
5
6
1 2
3 4
7
AgriTalk
Server
10 11 12 13Cloud

6. 7

7. UV sensor
CO2
Temperature
Humidity
Atmo. pressure
Rain gauge
Wind gage
1
2
3
4
6

9. IDF-n
IDF-1
IDF-2
IDF-3
DA
Sensors
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Sensor-1
Sensor-2
Sensor-3
AgriCtl Board (SnsrCtl)
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Actuators
IDA-n
ODF-1
ODF-2
ODF-3
DA
Relay-1
Relay-2
Relay-3
AgriCtl Board (ActrCtl)
IoTtalk
Engine
ArgiGUI
5
6
2
7
AgriTalk
Server
10 12 13Cloud

10. AgriCtl Board

11. IDF-n
IDF-1
IDF-2
IDF-3
DA
Sensors
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Sensor-1
Sensor-2
Sensor-3
AgriCtl Board (SnsrCtl)
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Actuators
IDA-n
ODF-1
ODF-2
ODF-3
DA
Relay-1
Relay-2
Relay-3
AgriCtl Board (ActrCtl)
IoTtalk
Engine
ArgiGUI
5
6
1 2
3 4
7
AgriTalk
Server
10 11 12 13Cloud

12. 1
2
Relay Board
Power
Board

13. Fertilizer
Pestcide
Pump
4
Water
3
5
6

14. 4
6
1
4
6
3
2
5
7
8

15. IDF-n
IDF-1
IDF-2
IDF-3
DA
Sensors
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Sensor-1
Sensor-2
Sensor-3
AgriCtl Board (SnsrCtl)
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Actuators
IDA-n
ODF-1
ODF-2
ODF-3
DA
Relay-1
Relay-2
Relay-3
AgriCtl Board (ActrCtl)
IoTtalk
Engine
ArgiGUI
5
6
1 2
3 4
7
8
AgriTalk
Server
10 11 12 13Cloud

16. 2
1
3

17. IDF-n
IDF-1
IDF-2
IDF-3
DA
Sensors
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Sensor-1
Sensor-2
Sensor-3
AgriCtl Board (SnsrCtl)
IDA-n
IDA-1
IDA-2
IDA-3
IDA
Actuators
IDA-n
ODF-1
ODF-2
ODF-3
DA
Relay-1
Relay-2
Relay-3
AgriCtl Board (ActrCtl)
IoTtalk
Engine
ArgiGUI
5
6
1 2
3 4
7
8 9
AgriTalk
Server
10 11 12 13Cloud

18. 1
2
4
3
Alert trigger
point
5

19. 1
2
Voltage
Current
Power

20. Relationship between concentration of salt
and EC can be described as a quadratic
equation.
By using this concept, we first derived
general equations to describe the
relationship between the EC as the input and
the Nitrogen (N), the Phosphorus (P) and the
Potassium (K) values as the outputs.

21. Then we constructed experiments in Bao
fields with various combinations of N, P, K
and measured the EC values to calibrate the
general equations.
Finally, the equations of N, P, K were
generated as below.
fN(x) = 63.2526x2+14.2132x +0.1797

22. SoilSensor
WeatherSTA
Timer
Irrigation
RepellentBulb
PestSpray
1
2
3
4
5
6
8 7

23. Line 1
Line 2
Line 3
Line 4
Line 5
Line 6
Line 7

24. SoilSensor
WeatherSTA
Timer
Irrigation
RepellentBulb
PestSpray
1
2
3
4
5
6
8 7

25. Repellent Bulb on
寶山二場
捕蟲罐與驅蟲燈之關係
驅蟲燈開啟時段 18:30~5:00
蟲計數在12:00時歸零
𝜏3 𝜏4 𝜏7 𝜏8 𝜏10 𝜏11𝜏0
𝜏1
𝜏2
𝜏5
𝜏6 𝜏9
Bulb on Bulb on Bulb on
Bulb offBulb off Bulb off

26. Soil Moisture
Comparison
是IoTtalk的sensor
是阿龜的sensor
Soil Moisture
Comparison
寶山二場土壤濕度

27. (a) Before use (May 15, 2018) (b) After use (June, 4, 2018)

28. Traditional
SPAD: 20.0
AgriTalk
SPAD: 31.9

29. AgriTalk
SPAD: 35.4
Traditional
SPAD: 21.2

30. Traditional
SPAD: 30.3
AgriTalk
SPAD: 43.5

31. SoilSensor1
SoilSensor2
Irrigation
Test
Test
StdSensor
Moisture-I
Moisture-I
Moisture-I
Drip1-O
Drip2-O
Test1-O
Test2-O
Display1-O
Display2-O
Result1-I
Result2-I
Smartphone
1
2
3
4
5
6 7

32. MorSensor
Chip

33. Soil Moisture
Comparison
是IoTtalk的sensor
是阿龜的sensor
寶山二場土壤濕度