1) The document discusses Google Web Toolkit (GWT), a framework that allows developers to write AJAX applications in Java and compile them to optimized JavaScript. 2) GWT provides a class library and compiler that allows Java code to be translated to JavaScript for cross-browser compatibility. It uses a similar programming model to Swing and SWT with components, containers, and events. 3) GWT supports scalable stateless servers with stateful clients through history management and GWT-RPC for communication between the Java server and JavaScript client code.