Global wind energy capacity has reached 318 GW as of 2018, with a compound annual growth rate of 21.3% over the last 5 years. China has the highest capacity at 91 GW, followed by the US at 61 GW and Germany at 34 GW. In India, wind capacity is 19 GW with Tamil Nadu having the highest capacity of 7.2 GW. The major wind energy players and renewable energy sources like wind and solar are discussed and compared based on their capacity factors, levelized costs, CO2 emissions, energy balance, and energy returned on investment.

1. 11
Wind Energy
Prepared by
Omkar Bhagat
Suraj Salesa

2. 22
AgendaAgenda

3. 33
Global ScenarioGlobal Scenario
Country Capacity (GW)
China 91
USA 61
Germany 34
Spain 23
India 20
Others 89
Total 318
CAGR for last 5 years: 21.3%

4. 44
India ScenarioIndia Scenario
State Capacity (GW)
Tamil Nadu 7.2
Gujarat 3.2
Maharashtra 3
Rajasthan 2.7
Karnataka 2.1
Others 0.8
Total 19
CAGR for last 5 years: 16.01%

5. 55
Major PlayersMajor Players

6. 66
Renewable sourcesRenewable sources

7. Plant Type
Capacity
Factor
(%)
Levelized
Capital
Cost
Fixed
O&M
Variable
O&M
(including
fuel)
Transmission
Investment
Total
System
Levelized
Cost
Conventional Coal 85 65.7 4.1 29.2 1.2 100.1
Advanced Coal 85 84.4 6.8 30.7 1.2 123.0
Natural Gas Fired 64.2 28.36 2.62 59.14 2.08 92.2
Advanced Nuclear 90 83.4 11.6 12.3 1.1 108.4
Geothermal 92 76.2 12.0 0.0 1.4 89.6
Biomass 83 53.2 14.3 42.3 1.2 111.0
Wind 34 70.3 13.1 0.0 3.2 86.6
Wind – Offshore 37 193.4 22.4 0.0 5.7 221.5
Solar PV 25 130.4 9.9 0.0 4.0 144.3
Solar Thermal 20 214.2 41.4 0.0 5.9 261.5
Hydro 52 78.1 4.1 6.1 2.0 90.3
U.S. Average Levelized Cost for Plants Entering Service in
2018 (2011 USD/MWh)
77

8. 88
Parameters Wind Solar
CO2 produced 10 g of CO2 / 1kWh 70 g of CO2 / 1kWh
Energy balance 6.6 months 3.2 years
EROI 36.5:1 5:1
Advantages of Wind Energy

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10. 1010

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