2. FEMALE INFERTILTY
๏ Problems with tubes
๏ Problems of egg formation or
ovulation
๏ Problems in cervix(mouth of womb)
๏ Problems in womb(uterus)
๏ The peritoneal Factor
3. Problems with Tubes
๏ In India, problems of tubes are very common.
๏ Main function of tubes are to bring eggs
formed in ovaries to womb.
๏ Tuberculosis and other infections are
common cause of infertility and damaged
tubes.
๏ X-ray procedure, shows blocked tubes, scar
tissue may be present.
๏ Laparoscopy tell us the exact status of
tubes, uterus, and ovaries.
๏ Laparoscopy procedures are used to opened
up blocked tubes.
4. Problems of egg formation or
ovulation
๏ Imp clues are revealed by menstrual
pattern.
๏ Irregular or abnormal ovulation
accounts for approx 25% of all
infertility cases.
๏ Ultrasound and endometrial biospy
help to evaluate ovulation.
๏ If anyone is not ovulating, medication
is prescribed to stimulate ovulation.
5. Problems in cervix(mouth of
womb)
๏ Cervix can be a cause of infertility but it is
quite rare.
๏ For determining cervix problem, Postcoital
test(PCT).
๏ This test evaluates cervical mucus, sperm,
and interaction between two.
๏ Cervical problems are generally treated
with antibiotics, hormones, or by
intrauterine insemination.
6. Problems in womb(uterus)
๏ A special x-ray called HSG can reveal defects of
the inside of uterus or fallopian tubes.
๏ HSG is conducted when menstrual period stops
and before ovulation.
๏ HSG may also suggest blockage of the fallopian
tubes.
๏ Surgery may be required to further evaluate and
possibly correct uterine structural problems of
fallopian tubes.
7. The peritoneal Factor
๏ It concerns about conditions and
abnormalities involving the peritoneal
surfaces of pelvic organs or abdominal
cavity.
๏ Laparoscopy is the simplest way of
diagnosing peritoneal and tubal
disorders.
8. Male infertility
๏ In approx 40% of infertile couple, male
partner is a cause of infertility.
๏ Therefore, semen analysis is important.
๏ Treatment for male factor of infertility may
include antibiotic therapy, surgical correction
of varicocele or obstruction of
ducts, hormones to produce improve sperm
production.
๏ IVF also provide treatments for male
infertilization.
๏ Intracytoplasmic sperm injection is another
option for treating severe male infertility.
๏ For unresponsive patients, anonymous donor
is an option.
9. Tuberculosis
๏ TB is an infectious disease and enhance the
infertility in couples.
๏ In women, it damage to endometrium and
fallopian tubes.
๏ In men, it cause TB of epididymo-orchitis,
resulting in inhibiting sperm to get into the
semen.
๏ TB is easily treated by antitubercular therapy
using drugs.
10. Premature ovarian failure
๏ It is a condition where ovaries stop
functioning before the age of 35 yrs.
๏ Venal infection thyroid disorders
autoimmune disorders chronic medical
distress, renal and liver dysfunctions can
cause POF.
๏ DHEA can help in such cases.
11. Recurrent abortions
๏ Abortions more than three times is a cause
of infertility.
๏ It require series of blood tests and
ultrasounds investigate the causes.
๏ Abnormalities and anatemical defects of
uterus and cervix can be corrected
surgically and also laproscopically.
12. Thin endometrium
๏ Sometimes with good egg formation but
lining of womb remains thin, this makes
infertility.
๏ It is because of tuberculosis or hormonal
problem.
๏ There are some medicines for its treatment.
13. Thank you
Contact Us
Dr. Sumita Prabhakar
CMI Hospital, 54, Haridwar
Road, Dehradun.
Uttarakhand, India. PIN:248001
Phone: 0135-6542172, 0135-
2520042, 2720142, 2720238
Mob: -
Email: sumitaprabhakar@gmail.com