This document discusses how hot spots and subduction zones can lead to earthquakes and volcanoes. It focuses on how volcanoes form, noting that emptying magma chambers can cause volcanoes to collapse into calderas. It provides Crater Lake in Oregon as an example of a volcanic caldera and discusses Mount St. Helens, a Cascade Range volcano that erupted in 1980, showing images of before and after the eruption.

1. OK, so Hot Spots and Subduction lead to EARTHQUAKES and VOLCANOES

2. EARTHQUAKES also occur at TRANSFORM Boundaries, and EARTHQUAKES cause TSUNAMIS, but more on that later... Right now, let’s focus on VOLCANOS

5. CALDERAS When Volcanoes erupt, the magma chamber may empty causing the Volcano to collapse upon itself.

6. CRATER LAKE in Oregon is a Volcanic Caldera

7. Mt. Saint Helens A Cascade Range volcano that erupted in 1980. Before...and After...

9. Mt. Saint Helens NOW