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研發新科技
10705吳霈萱
3D列表機
3D 列印技術的原理
 傳統的列印方式是將墨點印在紙上,由墨點組
成影像。3D 列印則是指,將物品分為很多分層,
透過雷射的高溫,將特殊材料融在一起,壓製
出每一層分層的模型,將所有的分層疊合起來,
即成為立體的物品模型。由於一層一層疊合的
方式與列印的原理相似,因而稱為 3D 列印或
稱三維列印。
 3D 列印須先掃描整個物品,電腦會進行建模,
並計算每一層分層的資料,包括構造及顏色等,
接著機器就會依據電腦所計算的資料,依序一
層一層進行印製並累積成最後成品,由於整個
製造流程非常快速,因此 3D 列印又被稱為
「快速成型技術
3D 列印技術的應用
 由於 3D 列印具有節省空間、降低
成本、製作快速及高速彈性等優點,
因此可廣泛應用在個性化公仔玩偶
製作、藝術、娛樂、醫療、生醫美
容、教育、建築及成型服務等事業,
具高度市場價值。
3D 列印技術案例
 案例一:南安普敦大學做成全球第一架以 3D 列印技
術製做的無人飛機。製做總時程只花五天時間並,完
成試飛。
 案例二:歐洲宇航防務集團(EADS)推出的
「Airbike」,其材質採用金屬及高強尼龍壓製且一體
成型而成,重量減輕 65%。
 案例三:舊金山家具設計公司 利用 3D 列印,成功跨
足義肢設計市場,且成本只有傳統義肢十分之一。
 案例四:美國北卡羅萊納州維克森林大學發展一套皮
膚的 3D 列印系統,可客製化「人工皮」,對於燒燙
傷患者,將有很大貢獻。
運用3D列印技術,哈佛學生協助
視障朋友
 透過3D列印技術,協助視障朋友可以
「看」到他們無法真正看到的事物。希望
可以在視障朋友和視覺藝術的世界之間搭
起一座橋梁。舉例來說,梵谷名作《星夜》
透過3D技術列印之後,就會從平面畫作
搖身一變成為半浮雕、半繪畫的實體畫作,
讓視障朋友可以在現實世界更加瞭解偉大
藝術作品
3D列表機打造幹細胞
 英國與蘇格蘭6位科學家使用一種控制閥式
細胞列印機,在其中裝放入生物墨水製造幹
細胞。由此幹細胞可以轉變成人體內各式不
同功能的細胞,有助於醫療使用。打造出來
的細胞有70% 到 90% 可以存活 72 小時。
經過三天後,科學家發現它仍在生長且維持
多功能性。科學家表示未來該技術能大量複
製幹細胞,甚至醫生不需為你開刀就能修復
你體內的器官。
3D 印表機,三色打印,
還可印出「籃球」一個!
日本超逼真3D列印人偶
 運用3D列印技術打造出一個和自己一模
一樣的人偶
真實可用的「3D列印」機關槍彈匣
 下圖這支真的能使用,由3D列印而成的
手槍就是最佳例證。
美國有一位病人 75% 的頭骨都
是 3D 打印出來
3D列印普及化的智財難題
 隨著技術的進步,以及零組件成本的降低,
市面上已經出現1000美元的產品─等於一
般人也用得起的價格3D列印要普及雖已
跨越技術門檻,真正的難關,卻與軟體發
展的遭遇相同─智慧財產權,才是真正的
問題。
參考資料
 http://chinese.engadget.com/tag/3d+prin
ter
 http://cygc.cycu.edu.tw/cycu/upload/files
/files_130304115038_2.pdf
 http://www.bnext.com.tw/

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10705吳霈萱