Presentation

1. “ASSESSMENT OF KNOWLEDGE OF
NURSING STUDENTS AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF WARITH ALANBIYAA
ABOUT FIRST AID”
‫العباس‬ ‫عبد‬ ‫فاطمة‬
‫راتب‬ ‫ساجدة‬
‫غالب‬ ‫شكرية‬
‫بإشراف‬
:
‫د‬
.
‫حبيب‬ ‫إسراء‬
‫فضل‬ ‫عباس‬
‫عباس‬ ‫رضا‬
‫قيس‬ ‫مؤمل‬

2. Abstract
First aid is very necessary in daily life. Any person may be exposed, at any moment, to a life-
threatening situation such as suffocation, scorpion or snake bites, or even accidents and burns.
Students of the College of Nursing have the highest priority to learn it. The aim of this study is to
evaluate the knowledge of students of the College of Nursing. On first aid and comparison between
first and fourth stage students’ knowledge about first aid, a descriptive comparative study was
conducted to assess first aid students’ knowledge of the College of Nursing and to compare first and
fourth stage students’ knowledge for the period (1-April-2023) until ( 10 - April - 2023), the study
sample consisted of 50 males and 50 females from all stages, the results of the study showed that
students' knowledge related to first aid is insufficient, and the results also showed that there is a
statistically significant relationship with the difference in knowledge between students of the two
stages. The study recommended the need to intensify training courses on first aid and to include the
practical and theoretical side of first aid.

3. Introduction
First aid is the emergency response to an injured person as a result of an accident or illness, which led to
bleeding, wounds, fractures, fainting, etc. to save his life until specialized medical care is provided to him, by the
arrival of the doctor to the scene of the accident or by transferring him to the nearest hospital or medical clinic,
and among the objectives of the establishment of first aid. (Topsakal U. Ü. 2023).
Everybody needs to be aware of basic first aid skills in emergency situations, especially medical students, future
health care providers. (Tripathi & et al, 2016(
Locally, a study was conducted in 2021 in Baghdad to assess knowledge of first aid among second and fourth
stage students in the College of Nursing - Baghdad University revealed that students ’knowledge related to first
aid measures was insufficient with low and moderate score, and there is no significant statistical difference in
knowledge between the second and fourth stage students (Serwan J. B. & et al ., 2021).

4. Scientific research method
A descriptive comparative study was designed to assess the knowledge of the students of the
college of Nursing in Warith Al-Anbiya University about first aid & comparative between first
stage & forth stage knowledge about first aid . The random sample was used to collect 120
samples, and 20 invalid samples were excluded. The 100 samples consisted of 30 participants
from the first stage, 10 participants from the second stage, 30 participants from the third stage,
and 30 participants from the fourth stage, and half of the participants were from each stage of
males and the other half of females. The study conducted from 1/4/2023 to 29/4/2023, Data were
collected from students of the college of Nursing, using a questionnaire based on previous (9),
The questionnaire was designed in English and then translated into Arabic, An independent back
translation was performed compared to the original The questionnaire and the discrepancies
were corrected, the first part is about it the demographic characteristics of the sample (age,
gender, residence & participation in the first aid training workshop) and the second part consists
of (3) Questions about first aid knowledge, and (21) questions about knowledge of first aid cases,
IBM SPSS Statistics version 29.0.1.0 & Microsoft office Excel 2010 were used for data analysis.

5. Objective:
Evaluation of students of the college of Nursing about first aid at Warith Al-
Alanbiyaa University.

6. Results
Table (1): Socio-demographic characteristics of the students
Socio-demographic
characteristics
F %
Age
(18-24) 53 53%
(25-28) 47 47%
Gender
Male 50 50%
Female 50 50%
Place of residence
Urban 56 56%
Rural 41 41%
Semi-urban 3 3%
Stage of participants
First Stage 30 30%
Second Stage 10 10%
Third Stage 30 30%
Fourth Stage 30 30%

7. Table (2): Distribution whether students participated in a first aid
course
participated in a first aid course Frequency Percentage%
Yes 30 30%
No 70 70%
Total 100 100%

8. Table (3): Distribution of the answers of the Knowledge level about the first aid
dia tsrif fo egdelwonK N=100
True answer False
Answer
Do not now
f % f % f %
First aid means treating the injured
person for shock.
52 52% 37 37% 11 11%
The intervention is to perform first
aid by a legally authorized health
professional (doctor, nurse, etc.).
65 65% 23 23% 12 12%
There is no medicine provided in
the first aid kit.
11 11% 69 69% 11 11%

9. Table (4) Distributions of the answers of the knowledge about the first aid cases
Knowledge about the first aid cases n=(100)
True answer False answer Don't know
f % f % f %
Firstly: The respiratory System
Opening the airway should be done
within the first 3 minutes
62 62% 13 13% 25 25%
Breathing rate is (12-20) breaths/minute
for an adult
77 77% 12 12% 11 11%
It is necessary to check the pulse of the
injured person when there is an
obstructed in the airway
74 74% 7 7% 19 19%
Secondly: The circulatory System
The pulse rate is (60-100) pulse/minute
of an adult.
83 83% 8 8% 9 9%
Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is
done to treat the cases which threaten
life.
71 71% 10 10% 19 19%
When Cardiopulmonary resuscitation
(CPR) is done, it should be (30press/2
breaths per minute)
66 66% 15 15% 19 19%
Thirdly: Bleeding
Bloody vomiting occurs when there is an
internal hemorrhage in the stomach
67 67% 12 12% 21 21%
The effective way to stop external
bleeding is to press on the bleeding area.
72 72% 10 10% 18 18%
The first treatment for epistaxis (nose
bleeding) is by pressing the nose directly
and then lifting and pressing in order to
control the bleeding
53 53% 26 26% 21 21%
Fourthly: Trauma
A person affected by trauma should be
transported supine on the strict ground
37 37% 22 22% 41 41%
The unconscious person should be given
water for recovery
22 22% 58 58% 20 20%
The appropriate position for carrying
an unconscious person is to put in a
chair held by four persons
38 38% 37 37% 25 25%
Fifthly: Burns
First aid for the burn is to keep the
injured person away from the source of
the burn
77 77% 7 7% 16 16%
Chemical burns should be washed with
plenty of water
31 31% 52 52% 17 17%
In order to treat the first-degree burn,
you should put a cream or burns
ointment of a good quality
65 65% 17 17% 18 18%

10. Table (4) Distributions of the answers of the knowledge about the first aid cases
Sixthly: Fractures
The region of the fracture must be fixed
first for the person with a fracture
61 61% 11 11% 28 28%
The first treatment for a cut finger is to
keep it in an ice pack and carry it with
the injured person to the hospital.
61 61% 15 15% 24 24%
The first treatment for a sprained ankle
is to keep the shoes on and apply a
bandage for support, then elevate and
apply cold towels
57 57% 15 15% 28 28%
Seventhly: Bites and stings
A scorpion sting can cause pain and
instant burns around the infected area
followed by numbness and tingling.
53 53% 6 6% 41 41%
The insects stuck on the body should be
removed immediately.
79 79% 7 7% 14 14%
The snake bite must be absorbing a
mark immediately.
51 51% 14 14% 35 35%

11. Table (9): Comparison between the first and forth grade Nursing Student`s knowledge toward
First aid
Paired Differences
Mean Std.
Deviation
Std. Error
Mean
95% Confidence
Interval of the
Difference
t df Sig. (2-
tailed)
Lower Upper
First and forth Stage
Nursing Student
16.6 5.8 0.84
-0.61 0.68
2.045 29 < 0.001

12. Discussion
Data analysis of the present study shows that the majority of the students (70 %) had not participated
in the first aid course, and minority of the students (30%) had participated in the first aid course (table
2). Makhlef H. H. (2013) found a similar result where the percentage of students participating in first aid
training courses was very low, as 91.9 % did not attend a first aid course. Table (3) shows (52 %) true
answers about meaning of the first aid, while (65 %) of the true answers about first aid practice is make
only person a health profession by legal (doctor, nurse etc), and (69%) of the false answers about first
aid bag hasn’t a drug. This is not consistent with the study (Makhlef H.H. 2013) found that only 47.6%
of students have knowledge about first aid, and 48.4% who answered that the individuals legally
licensed to perform first aid are doctors and nurses, and 58% who answered that The first aid kit does
not contain any medicine. The results of the current study indicate that 62% of the answers of the
study sample community are correct answers about opening the airway during the first 3 minutes, and
52% of their answers were wrong about washing chemical burns with plenty of water, while the correct
answer is that they should be washed with plenty of water, and 57% One of the correct answers is that
the first treatment for an ankle sprain is to take off the shoes, wrap the ankle with bandage, and put
cold compresses on the ankle. This is not consistent with a previous study conducted by Makhlef H.
H.(2013) stating that (50%) of the study sample population do not know if the airway should be opened
within the first 3 minutes, (35.5%) if chemical burns should be washed with plenty of water, and
(49.2%) do not know the first treatment for an ankle sprain.(9)

13. Where (Pvalue = sig.; Pvalue < 0.001) is because the two-sided test is used to compare the knowledge of
the students of the College of Nursing from the first and fourth stages, and it indicates that there is a
statistically significant difference between the knowledge of the students of the first and forth stages about
first aid. Pei et al. (2019) reported that there was a significant difference in the knowledge of nursing
students at different levels about first aid (P value = .004). This finding could reflect that there was no focus
on the first aid concept in the educational program, which means it should be included in the educational
courses and also training sessions for nursing students.(10)

14. Conclusion
The current study noted that the majority of students did not participate in the first aid course,
and a high percentage of wrong answers about the meaning of first aid. In cases of first aid, it
appears that a high percentage of students have poor knowledge and do not know about trauma
and burns, but it reveals a high percentage of students have correct answers in respiratory and
circulatory systems, bleeding, fractures, bites and stings, and there are also large differences
with statistical significance between the answers of stage students The first and fourth about first
aid.

15. Recommendations
The present study recommended it is necessary to increase special courses for first aid to all
students in college of nursing in University of Warith Al-Anbyaa by preparing lectures in all
stages college of nursing consisted both practical & theoretical lectures, to promotes the
knowledge, attitude, and practices of the first aid among college students especially first
stage students.

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