Natural resources

1.  NATURAL RESOURCES OF SOUTHEAST ASIA
COUNTRIES
 NATURAL RESOURCES OF EAST ASIA
COUNTRIES
 NATURAL RESOURCES OF EUROPE COUNTRIES
 WEALTH OF NATURAL RESOURCES OF NORTH
AMERICA
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4. *Southeast Asia, region of Asia situated east of the Indian
subcontinent and south of China.
*It consists of two dissimilar portions: a continental projection
(commonly called mainland Southeast Asia) and a string of
archipelagoes to the south and east of the mainland (insular
Southeast Asia).

5. Mainland Southeast Asia is divided into the countries
of Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (Burma), Thailand,
Vietnam, and the small city-state of Singapore at
the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula; Cambodia,
Laos, and Vietnam, which occupy the eastern
portion of the mainland,
The land has been subjected to a considerable
amount of faulting, folding, uplifting, and volcanic
activity over geologic time, and much of the
region is mountainous. There are marked
structural differences between the mainland and
insular portions of the region.

6. Insular Southeast Asia
Characteristic of insular (or archipelagic) Southeast
Asia are the chains of islands—the Malay and Philippine
archipelagoes—that have been formed along the
boundaries of the three crustal segments of the Earth
that meet there.
Southeast Asia stretches some 4,000 miles at its
greatest extent (roughly from northwest to
southeast) and encompasses some 5,000,000 square
miles (13,000,000 square kilometres) of land and
sea, of which about 1,736,000 square miles is
land. Mount Hkakabo in northern Myanmar on the
border with China, at 19,295 feet (5,881 metres), is
the highest peak of mainland Southeast Asia.

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8. *The southeast Asia, Australia, and western Pacific region
includes the countries of Australia, Bhutan, Bangladesh,
Burma, Cambodia, East Timor, Fiji, India, Indonesia, Laos,
Malaysia, the Marshal Islands, Nauru, Nepal, New Caledonia,
New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, the Philippines, the
Pitcairn Islands, the Solomon Islands, Sri Lanka, Thailand,
and Vietnam is an important part of the Global Mineral
Resource .

9. *COAL *Petroleum and natural gas
*Antarctica
*Europe
*North America
*Africa
*South America
*At least two-thirds of the
world’s known crude oil and
natural gas reserves are found
in Asia; the proportion may
prove higher as Siberia, the
Caspian basin, and the seas of
southeastern Asia are further
explored.
*Malaysia is the only important
oil-producing area on the
mainland of Southeast Asia,
Asia has enormous reserves of
coal, amounting to nearly three-
fifths of the world’s total, but they
are unevenly distributed.
The largest reserves are found
in Siberia, the Central Asian
republics, India, and
especially China; Indonesia,
Japan, and North Korea have
smaller but nevertheless
economically important
reserves.

10. *URANIUM *IRON
*The Philippines exports ore.
Malaysia produces a considerable
volume. Thailand, Myanmar, and
Pakistan have fair amounts of
relatively low-grade ores, and
Vietnam and Turkey have good
ores in substantial volume.
Indonesia and India both have
large deposits of good iron ores
that are reasonably distributed.
*Although China formerly was
regarded as deficient in iron
ores, huge quantities of varying
grades of ores have been
discovered that are widely
distributed and often located
close to coal supplies.
Reserves of
uranium ore are
found in Asia’s
ancient
crystalline rocks.
China and India have
their own deposits.
Chinese uranium
resources are thought to
be in northern Xinjiang
and southern Hunan
provinces.

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12. *The forest area, percentage of land area accounted for by
forests, and growing stock in forests (volume of trees comprising
forests) have been indicated in the tables and figures for the
SOUTHEAST ASIA countries of Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos,
Malaysia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Thailand, Vietnam, Brunei
Darussalam, Singapore and Japan .
*But it is also the country with the largest decline in its forest
area. Large swaths of forest continue to be felled, and over the
past 20 years the forests have decreased by about 24,113
(thousand ha), which is comparable to the forest area of Japan.
*Forests continue to decline in countries other than the
Philippines and Vietnam.

13. These forest resources are used as materials in the form of
lumber products such as furniture, plywood, and paper and pulp,
or are used for energy in the form of wood fuel.
Due to rapidly expanding demand, these countries are now faced
with the problem of depleting their natural forest resources.

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16. *East Asian countries have little farmable land , but large
population .
*Therefore , they need to maximixe the land they do have .
Terraces
Raising livestock is
rare
Doubles—cropping :
growing two crops on the
same land in a single year

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18. Coal
Natural
gas
Japan
Coal
Iron
North
Korea

19. Coal
Cooper
China
Graphite
South
Korea

21. *Part of East Asia have large forests .
*However , the nations of the region , like those in other parts of
the world , have not treated their forests carefully .
*Now many East Asian countries are forced to import much of
their wood .

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24. *What is Forest Europe?
*FOREST EUROPE (The brand name of the Ministerial
Conference on the Protection of Forests in Europe) is the pan-
European voluntary high-level political process for dialogue
and cooperation on forest policies in Europe.
* FOREST EUROPE develops common strategies for its 47
signatories (46 European countries and the European Union) on
how to protect and sustainably manage their forests.
*FOREST EUROPE has led to achievements such as the
guidelines, criteria and indicators for sustainable forest
management.
*FOREST EUROPE is involved with other global and regional
processes and initiatives dealing with issues of highest political
and social relevance related to forests.

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26. *Europe is a wealthy region and a world leader in economic
development .
*Part of this wealth and success comes from Europe rich supply
of natural resources .
*Europe most important natural resources includes fertile soil ,
water and fuels .

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28. *No formal map yet exists of Europe marine territory .
*Many commercial fish stocks are not assessed .
*Poor overview of spatial extent of human activities .
*Insufficient regional coordination for sharing and
harmonising marine data .
*Europe reporting obligations with high numbers of
unknowns or not assessed .

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30. *Norway is fully integrated into the internal energy market
under the EEA Agreement.
*Norway exports nearly 95 % of its gas production and 98 %
of its oil production to the European markets. About a third
of the EUs natural gas imports comes from Norway, second
in volume only to Russian gas. Norwegian natural gas can
play an important role in the transition to a low-carbon
economy.
*Norway is among the world’s largest hydropower producers
and trades power extensively with neighbouring Nordic
countries and with continental Europe.

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32. *The Total Energy Profile of Manufactured Products
*A product’s energy lifecycle describes its total energy impact,
including all stages of its manufacture through the end of its
operating life and includes its eventual disposal. Historically, if
industry had any interest in energy consumption, it ended when
products were finished and shipped. Today, however, because
consumers are increasingly concerned with the energy consumed by
their appliances, cars and homes, manufacturers should be, too. And
at the end of a product’s useful life, its disposal must respond to
growing concerns about environmental impacts.
*The lifecycle energy concept outlines the opportunities to create
superior product value— beginning with the elimination of energy
waste in manufacturing, and continuing through energy efficiency
benefits conveyed to the consumer. Innovative technologies tie
together all the stages of the energy lifecycle.