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1. Dear students get fully solved assignments
Send your semester & Specialization name to our mail id :
help.mbaassignments@gmail.com
or
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Exercise 3: Writing Hard (Direct) Leads
Objective:The purpose of thisexercise istoequip youto be a smart reporterwho can describe news
worthy event through a good introduction or lead, which provides all essential information in a
sentence.Afterundertakingthisguidedexercise,youshouldbe able to write effective „hard(direct)
news leads‟.
Hard news leads
It‟s also calleda „directlead‟ or a „summarylead‟,and it summarizesinthe firstsentence whatthe
story is about. The crux of the story will be explained by describing the „5Ws and1 H‟ of the event.
Hard news lead usually is only one sentence or two at the most. It gets directly to the point. Lead
writingmayappearto be simple.Itisn‟t.Althoughsome reportersmaybe able todashoff a leadina
hurry,most cannot.Leadis the most significantpartof a newsstory,andit takesa lotof thoughtand
a lot of practice to produce goodleads.Inhisexcellentbook“OnWritingbook”,WilliamZinssersays:
“The most importantsentenceinanyarticle isthe firstone.If itdoesn‟tinduce the readertoproceed
tothe secondsentence,yourarticleisdead.”((Formore details,lookintoUnit2of the SLM,Reporting
– Theory (BJ0031) Guidelines for writingHard news leadsBe specific rather than vague and abstract
PredictyourreadersinterestAverage wordsinthe leadshouldbe inthe 30-40 range.Avoidnegatives
and obvious statements Emphasize ( magnitude, unusual, interesting elements in the story) Avoid
writing a label lead that reports your story topic but not what was said or done about it. Avoid
attributionbefore thestatementUse strong,activeanddescriptiveverbinsteadof passive ones.Avoid
unfamiliar names in the lead Localize the lead, and emphasize the latest developments, preferably
what happened today or yesterday.
Eliminate unnecessary words Read it out loud, to check whether it‟s clear, simple or not.
Example – hard leadChandigarh,April 30. The PunjabPolice andPara militaryforcesenteredGolden
Temple Complex at Amritsar this afternoon to clear it of terrorists, separatists and anti-national
elements.(ExpressNewsService)(Formore examples,lookintoUnit2of the SLM, Reporting –Theory
(BJ0031)

2. Work Sheet
Question. 1. Write a summary lead from the following information
(For the time element, use the day of the week instead of yesterday
or today) A study was released yesterday by the Sikkim Manipal
University. The study was funded by the Ambani foundation. The
study said that 65% of the college students who begin studying,
mathematics or engineering switch to another major. The study
cited poor teaching and less qualified faculty as the cause.
Answer: Reliance Foundation was formerly known as Dhirubhai Ambani Foundation.It was founded
in 2010 by Mukesh Ambani, chairperson of Reliance Industries, and his wife Nita Ambani.
Purpose and activities: The Foundation's objective is to promote sustainable growth in India. The
FoundationalsoworkswithotherphilanthropiesandNGOsoncollaborative initiatives,forexamplein
2012 partnering with the television show Satyamev Jayate to provide a grant to Muktangan
Rehabilitation Centre in Mumbai to help street children.
Department of Mathematics started functioning with strength
Question. 2. Change the following lead to active voice: A fire in a
split-level house in Malpe shore was started by a pet dog that
knocked over a heat lamp with its tail, fire officials said.
Answer: Fire officialssaid thata petdog which knockedovera heat lampwithitstail starteda fire in
a split-level house in Malpe shore.
Question. 3. Prepare three hard leads for newspaper stories. (Leads
should be within the range of 25-30 words)
Answer: Hard News Story – Journalism
Wild pig causes two-hour traffic delay on I-94
By JOE STUDENT
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