The document discusses a new technology that can analyze brain activity to determine what a person is seeing or imagining through the use of electroencephalography (EEG) and machine learning algorithms. Researchers were able to decode EEG signals related to different visual categories like faces, objects, and scenes and could predict with high accuracy what visual information a person was viewing or imagining. This new technology demonstrates the potential for direct brain-computer interfaces that could help paralyzed patients communicate.