1) The document is the first chapter on circles from a 10th grade mathematics textbook. It reviews basic circle terms like secant, chord, segment, and sector. 2) A secant is a line that intersects a circle at two or more points. A chord is a line segment whose endpoints both lie on a circle. A segment is the region bounded by a chord and the arc subtended by the chord. A sector is a portion of a circle made of its arc and two radii. 3) A tangent is a line that touches a circle at exactly one point on the outside of the circle. At the point of tangency, the tangent line is perpendicular to the radius. Tangent segments

1. CLASS- X
SUBJECT- MATHEMETICS
NAME OF THE CHAPTER- 10, CIRCLE
PREPARED BY – HITESH KUMAR RAIKWAR (TGT-MATH/PHYSICS)
MODULE-1
Subtopics-
Introduction-Secant
Segment, Sector, Chord

2. Introduction
You have studied in Class IX that a circle is a collection
of all points in a plane
which are at a constant distance (radius) from a fixed
point (centre). You have
also studied various terms related to a circle like chord,
segment, sector, arc etc. but we will revise all basic
term like above.

3. BASIC TERM USED IN CIRCLE
Secant-In geometry, a secant of a curve is a line that
intersects the curve at a minimum of two distinct
points. The word secant comes from the Latin word
secare, meaning to cut.

4. Chord of a Circle
Chord of a circle is a straight line segment whose
endpoints both lie on the circle. More generally,
a chord is a line segment joining two points on any
curve, for instance, an ellipse.

5. Segment of a circle
The segment of a circle is the region bounded by a
chord and the arc subtended by the chord.

6. Sector of a Circle
A sector of a circle is a portion of the circle made of its
arc and two radii.

7. Tangent of a Circle
 A tangent to a circle, is a line that touches
the circle at exactly one point, never entering
the circle's interior.

8. In Fig. 10.1 (i), the line PQ and the circle have no common point. In this
case,
PQ is called a non-intersecting line with respect to the circle. In Fig.
10.1 (ii), there
are two common points A and B that the line PQ and the circle have. In
this case, we
call the line PQ a secant of the circle. In Fig. 10.1 (iii), there is only one
point A which
is common to the line PQ and the circle. In this case, the line is called a
tangent to the
circle.

9.  Remember the following points about the properties of tangents-
 The tangent line never crosses the circle, it just touches the circle.
 At the point of tangency, it is perpendicular to the radius.
 From the same external point, the tangent segments to a circle are
equal.