2. It is now well-established that cancer is well-linked to smoking. And now according to researchers,
cigarettes increase the odds for developing colon cancer, especially for women.
According to the new study, published April 30 in Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention,
women who've ever smoked have an almost 20 percent increased risk for colon cancer, compared with
women who never smoked.
"Women who smoke even 10 or fewer cigarettes a day increase their risks for colon cancer," said lead
researcher Dr. Inger Gram, a professor in the department of community medicine at the University of
Tromso in Norway.

3. "Because colon cancer is such a common disease, even these moderate smoking accounts for many new cases,"
she said. "A lot of colon cancer can be prevented if people don't smoke -- especially women.“
More than 600,000 men and women ages 19 to 67 are involved in the study whereas they were surveyed by the
Norwegian Institute of Public Health. Participants answered questions concerning their smoking habits,
physical activity and other lifestyle factors.
Over 14 years of follow-up nearly 4,000 people developed colon cancer, and the odds were greatest for smokers,
women in particular according to Gram's team. The risk for colon cancer increased 19 percent among women
who smoked and 8 percent for men who smoked, they added.

4. Gram noted, their risk was especially high for developing proximal, or right-sided, colon
cancer, with a type of tumor specifically related to smoking.
Gram said she was surprised the link between smoking and colon cancer was so much
greater for women, and said the reasons aren't clear.
Although this study shows an association between smoking and colon cancer, it does not
establish a cause-and-effect relationship. However, the link between smoking and colon
cancer is more than a coincidence, Gram pointed out.

5. "Colon cancer is a smoking-related cancer," she said. "That has recently been established by the
International Agency for Research on Cancer of the World Health Organization." Based on a review of prior
research, the WHO says long-term smoking appears to double the risk of colon cancer. It also increases risk
for bladder and pancreatic cancer, according to the agency.
One expert, Dr. Stephanie Bernik, chief of surgical oncology at Lenox Hill Hospital in New York City,
doesn't believe the heightened risk for colon cancer among women is solely related to smoking. Alcohol use,
diet and lack of exercise may also play a role, Bernik said.
"Usually, smoking goes along with other bad health habits," Bernik said. "However, this adds

6. Another expert offered some advice. "If you smoke, you should quit," said Dan Jacobsen, from the Center for
Tobacco Control at North Shore-LIJ Health System in Great Neck, N.Y. "There are a lot of good methods,
programs and resources out there if you want to try to quit smoking," he added.
"Smoking is just toxic to our bodies," said Jacobsen. "It's the number one preventable cause of
death and disease."

7. Another expert offered some advice. "If you smoke, you should quit," said Dan Jacobsen, from the Center for
Tobacco Control at North Shore-LIJ Health System in Great Neck, N.Y. "There are a lot of good methods,
programs and resources out there if you want to try to quit smoking," he added.
"Smoking is just toxic to our bodies," said Jacobsen. "It's the number one preventable cause of
death and disease."