Eco friendly wine can be a difficult topic to understand. What makes a wine actually sustainable? What are biodynamic wineries actually doing? Do organics help the environment? These slides are from a session to help clarify the nature of eco friendly winemaking.
বাংলা সাহিত্যের বিভিন্ন বিষয় ও বিখ্যাত সাহিত্যিকদের অর্থাৎ কবি ও লেখকদের এর রচনাসমূহ মনে রাখার টেকনিক বা ছন্দ
Short-Cut Techniques For Bangla Literature.zip
সাইজঃ 4.6 এমবি
পৃষ্ঠা সংখ্যাঃ 30
The document is a food quiz from 2017 with 25 questions and answers about various food-related topics. Some key details:
- The prelims score will be doubled for the finals
- Questions 20-24 are connected by a theme
- The answers provided are brief but cover a variety of food topics from around the world such as olives, comfort food, sausages, and more.
X - Onomatopoeia
A man was walking down the street when it started to rain. He didn't have an umbrella or a hat so he ducked into a nearby Y to avoid getting soaked. As he was shaking off the raindrops, the owner came up to him and said "Sorry, but you'll have to buy something if you stay in here. It's the law." The man replied "Alright, I'll take a box of your finest Z."
The movie A is Titanic which stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet. Kate Winslet acts alongside Meryl Streep in a medical drama ER. Meryl Streep is also a blues singer and pianist. In Titanic, Leonardo DiCaprio is seen whistling a popular tune 'My Heart Will Go On' which also features at the end of the movie Inception. Protagonist Leonardo DiCaprio of Inception plays opposite Tom Hardy in the Dark Knight trilogy as the villain Bane.
Meryl Streep acts opposite Tom Hardy and Keanu Reeves as Captain James Biggs in the movie Street Kings.
Keanu Reeves is also known to star in the
O documento descreve o período do governo de Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946-1950) no Brasil, abordando: 1) A aprovação da nova Constituição de 1946 e o alinhamento do governo Dutra com os Estados Unidos no contexto da Guerra Fria; 2) Os desafios econômicos enfrentados como inflação e endividamento; 3) Principais realizações como a construção de estradas e da Companhia Hidrelétrica do São Francisco.
O documento resume as principais etapas que levaram ao início da Segunda Guerra Mundial, começando pela tentativa fracassada de golpe de Adolf Hitler em 1923 na Alemanha, sua ascensão ao poder na década de 1930 e as políticas que implementou para consolidar o regime nazista e preparar o país para o conflito, como a aliança com a Itália e a invasão da Polônia em 1939.
O documento resume os principais acontecimentos políticos e sociais da América Latina no século XX, incluindo a Revolução Mexicana, a era do populismo, as ditaduras militares, a Revolução Cubana e a Revolução Sandinista na Nicarágua.
The Mela Quiz was conducted as part of Thomso, the annual cultural fest of IIT Roorkee.
QM- Nikhil Arora
The link for audio/video for the quiz is attached below.
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1reazp5YRM-gh-Scq0hHkmZvxanViPIxP?usp=sharing
বাংলা সাহিত্যের বিভিন্ন বিষয় ও বিখ্যাত সাহিত্যিকদের অর্থাৎ কবি ও লেখকদের এর রচনাসমূহ মনে রাখার টেকনিক বা ছন্দ
Short-Cut Techniques For Bangla Literature.zip
সাইজঃ 4.6 এমবি
পৃষ্ঠা সংখ্যাঃ 30
The document is a food quiz from 2017 with 25 questions and answers about various food-related topics. Some key details:
- The prelims score will be doubled for the finals
- Questions 20-24 are connected by a theme
- The answers provided are brief but cover a variety of food topics from around the world such as olives, comfort food, sausages, and more.
X - Onomatopoeia
A man was walking down the street when it started to rain. He didn't have an umbrella or a hat so he ducked into a nearby Y to avoid getting soaked. As he was shaking off the raindrops, the owner came up to him and said "Sorry, but you'll have to buy something if you stay in here. It's the law." The man replied "Alright, I'll take a box of your finest Z."
The movie A is Titanic which stars Leonardo DiCaprio and Kate Winslet. Kate Winslet acts alongside Meryl Streep in a medical drama ER. Meryl Streep is also a blues singer and pianist. In Titanic, Leonardo DiCaprio is seen whistling a popular tune 'My Heart Will Go On' which also features at the end of the movie Inception. Protagonist Leonardo DiCaprio of Inception plays opposite Tom Hardy in the Dark Knight trilogy as the villain Bane.
Meryl Streep acts opposite Tom Hardy and Keanu Reeves as Captain James Biggs in the movie Street Kings.
Keanu Reeves is also known to star in the
O documento descreve o período do governo de Eurico Gaspar Dutra (1946-1950) no Brasil, abordando: 1) A aprovação da nova Constituição de 1946 e o alinhamento do governo Dutra com os Estados Unidos no contexto da Guerra Fria; 2) Os desafios econômicos enfrentados como inflação e endividamento; 3) Principais realizações como a construção de estradas e da Companhia Hidrelétrica do São Francisco.
O documento resume as principais etapas que levaram ao início da Segunda Guerra Mundial, começando pela tentativa fracassada de golpe de Adolf Hitler em 1923 na Alemanha, sua ascensão ao poder na década de 1930 e as políticas que implementou para consolidar o regime nazista e preparar o país para o conflito, como a aliança com a Itália e a invasão da Polônia em 1939.
O documento resume os principais acontecimentos políticos e sociais da América Latina no século XX, incluindo a Revolução Mexicana, a era do populismo, as ditaduras militares, a Revolução Cubana e a Revolução Sandinista na Nicarágua.
The Mela Quiz was conducted as part of Thomso, the annual cultural fest of IIT Roorkee.
QM- Nikhil Arora
The link for audio/video for the quiz is attached below.
https://drive.google.com/drive/folders/1reazp5YRM-gh-Scq0hHkmZvxanViPIxP?usp=sharing
This document provides information about an India quiz, including Independence Day being on August 15th 1947 and identifying the hidden part as Bajrangi Bhaijaan. It asks the reader to identify several people and contexts, including A.P.J. Abdul Kalam being the author of several books, Madan Mohan Malviya coinning the term "inquilab zindabaad" in 1921, and Satnam Singh being referenced in relation to an aircraft landing on the Yamuna Expressway.
The Iran-Contra Affair involved the covert sale of arms to Iran by the Reagan administration to fund anti-communist rebels, or Contras, in Nicaragua. Independent Counsel Lawrence Walsh uncovered that funds from the arms sales to Iran were illegally diverted to support the Contras, violating Congressional restrictions. Over the course of an eight year investigation, Walsh charged 14 administration officials with crimes related to the cover up, though many convictions were later overturned. While Reagan claimed ignorance of the diversion, Walsh argued the affair demonstrated failures of executive oversight and accountability.
The general quiz was organized as a part of Dare2Compete Online Quizzing Festival Season 06 on 08th March 2021. The quiz tried to cover all topics such as music, India, movies, history, science etc. Khud ko Champ Samajhte ho? Is quiz ko beat karke dikhaao.
Saranathan college of engineering quiz association(sqa)- session3 slidesscequizzing
Saranathan College of Engineering Quiz Association held a quiz with various rounds and questions. The document provides clues and questions related to people, places, events, logos, and descriptions of characters from movies, books, and video games. It also includes pictorial rounds asking participants to identify famous people, landmarks, logos, and characters. The final rounds involve connecting clues to related topics, guessing definitions, and betting on answers to trivia questions.
O documento lista diversos temas em sociologia, incluindo a privacidade nas redes sociais, drogas lícitas e ilícitas, e violência nas escolas, além de questões como proibição do fumo, prostituição, bullying, internet, homossexualidade, obesidade, protestos, pedofilia, violência contra crianças, alcoolismo, gangues urbanas, gravidez na adolescência, desemprego e consumismo.
Chemical Energy stored in Biofuels By Abdul Hadi Moiz.pptxHeroboyinRoblox
The document discusses chemical energy stored in biofuels. It defines chemical energy and explains that it is stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules, and can be released through chemical reactions. Biofuels are then discussed as fuels derived from renewable biological sources like plants and algae. The conversion processes of biofuels into usable energy through systems like boilers, generators, and turbines is also summarized. Both advantages and disadvantages of biofuels are provided, noting their environmental impacts depend on production methods and feedstocks used.
The document summarizes different types of waste (hazardous, solid), waste disposal methods (open dumps, sanitary landfills, incineration), types of recycling (primary, secondary, composting), types of radioactive waste (high level, low level), types of environmental hazards (biological, chemical, physical, cultural, lifestyle), specific biological and chemical hazards, and cultural and lifestyle hazards. It also includes multiple choice questions about these topics.
The document discusses the need for sustainable economics and changing international law to address climate change and environmental degradation caused by human activity. It proposes establishing a Green Power Fund of $200 billion per year, funded through carbon markets, to build carbon negative power plants in developing nations. This would link developing nations to carbon markets, provide clean energy, and directly reduce the level of carbon in the atmosphere by capturing more carbon than is emitted.
This document provides an overview of organic versus conventional agriculture, covering their histories, definitions, and methods. Key points include:
- Organic farming excludes synthetic fertilizers and pesticides and relies on techniques like crop rotation and composting. Yields are generally lower than conventional farms.
- Conventional agriculture commonly uses artificial fertilizers and pesticides to control weeds and pests.
- There is debate around whether organic farming is healthier and better for the environment due to lower yields requiring more land and questions around the health risks of chemicals.
This document discusses various topics related to solid waste management including:
1. Definitions of terms like solid waste, collection, and disposal methods
2. Methods of handling, sorting, storing, and processing solid waste including composting, combustion, and waste-to-fuel technologies
3. Health and environmental issues from improper waste management like disease transmission and pollution
4. Approaches to more sustainable waste management such as the waste hierarchy, zero waste, and cradle-to-cradle design.
Environmental studies is a multidisciplinary field that draws from various areas of science like chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering as well as social sciences like economics and policy studies. It examines the interaction between human activity and the natural world. There are growing environmental issues like pollution, resource depletion, and climate change that threaten humanity. Environmental education is crucial to develop sustainable solutions and make informed decisions to protect the environment for future generations.
The Green Power Fund -- A Rio+20 Presentation by Graciela ChichilniskyGraciela Chichilnisky
This document discusses the need for sustainable development and transitioning to a green economy through policy changes. It argues that western economics has lacked connections between people, present and future generations, and the environment. The carbon market established through the Kyoto Protocol and initiatives like the proposed Green Power Fund can help build these connections by creating new markets that value global resources and incentivize clean energy. Transitioning to this "green capitalism" will help ensure human survival by addressing issues like climate change.
This document provides a history and overview of environmental impact assessments (EIAs). It discusses how EIAs emerged in response to environmental crises in industrialized nations in the 1960s-1970s due to issues like air pollution, and how developing countries now face serious environmental problems as well. The objectives of EIAs are to improve project design, ensure efficient resource use, identify mitigation measures, facilitate informed decision-making, and support sustainable development by avoiding harm. EIAs are also useful for conservation-oriented projects to consider secondary impacts and gather baseline information.
Youtube: https://youtu.be/166RceJgonA
John Bryant is Professor Emeritus of Cell and Molecular Biology in the School of Biosciences and Research Associate in the Centre for Genomics in Society at the University of Exeter. He is a Past-President of the Society for Experimental Biology and a former adviser on Bioethics to the UK’s Higher Education Academy.
---
This webinar will discuss the relevance of bioethics to plant science and will deal with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships between plant science, plant biotechnology, politics, law and philosophy. The webinar introduces ethical thinking and will help the attendee to apply that thinking to issues relating to plant research. There will a particular focus on environmental ethics and on the relationship between agricultural innovation and global justice.
Rapid population growth, especially in developing countries, intensifies environmental degradation by depleting natural resources and polluting the environment. Environmental issues have become a focus in both developed and developing nations. Pollution is caused by the discharge of hazardous industrial wastes and chemical pesticides without treatment, damaging health. Strict enforcement of pollution control laws is needed to address the growing problems of environmental degradation and its social impacts.
Harmful Algal Bloom Lady Bird Lake 2019, Sara Hartley and Brent Bellinger - C...TWCA
The document summarizes the City of Austin's response to a harmful algal bloom (HAB) that occurred in Lady Bird Lake in 2019. It provides background on HABs and cyanobacteria, details the monitoring and communication plans for 2020, and reviews factors that may have contributed to the 2019 event. The city aims to routinely monitor water quality, identify algal species and toxins present, and inform the public through signage, media, and an online resource on the current HAB risk level. Questions from attendees are invited.
Cameron Bruett - Our Shared Journey of Continuous ImprovementJohn Blue
Our Shared Journey of Continuous Improvement - Cameron Bruett, Head, Corporate Affairs, JBS USA & Pilgrims and President of the Roundtable for Sustainable Beef, from the 2015 Animal Agriculture Alliance Stakeholders Summit, The Journey to Extraordinary, May 6 - 7, 2015, Kansas City, MO, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2015-the-journey-to-extraordinary
- Municipal solid waste generation in Malaysia has increased significantly and averages 0.85-1.5 kg of waste generated per person daily.
- Improper management of solid waste poses negative impacts on human health such as increased risks of cancer, respiratory and skin diseases, and neurological problems.
- Suggested solutions to better manage solid waste include reducing waste production, increasing recycling rates, improving disposal methods, implementing responsible production practices, and promoting public education.
This document provides information about an India quiz, including Independence Day being on August 15th 1947 and identifying the hidden part as Bajrangi Bhaijaan. It asks the reader to identify several people and contexts, including A.P.J. Abdul Kalam being the author of several books, Madan Mohan Malviya coinning the term "inquilab zindabaad" in 1921, and Satnam Singh being referenced in relation to an aircraft landing on the Yamuna Expressway.
The Iran-Contra Affair involved the covert sale of arms to Iran by the Reagan administration to fund anti-communist rebels, or Contras, in Nicaragua. Independent Counsel Lawrence Walsh uncovered that funds from the arms sales to Iran were illegally diverted to support the Contras, violating Congressional restrictions. Over the course of an eight year investigation, Walsh charged 14 administration officials with crimes related to the cover up, though many convictions were later overturned. While Reagan claimed ignorance of the diversion, Walsh argued the affair demonstrated failures of executive oversight and accountability.
The general quiz was organized as a part of Dare2Compete Online Quizzing Festival Season 06 on 08th March 2021. The quiz tried to cover all topics such as music, India, movies, history, science etc. Khud ko Champ Samajhte ho? Is quiz ko beat karke dikhaao.
Saranathan college of engineering quiz association(sqa)- session3 slidesscequizzing
Saranathan College of Engineering Quiz Association held a quiz with various rounds and questions. The document provides clues and questions related to people, places, events, logos, and descriptions of characters from movies, books, and video games. It also includes pictorial rounds asking participants to identify famous people, landmarks, logos, and characters. The final rounds involve connecting clues to related topics, guessing definitions, and betting on answers to trivia questions.
O documento lista diversos temas em sociologia, incluindo a privacidade nas redes sociais, drogas lícitas e ilícitas, e violência nas escolas, além de questões como proibição do fumo, prostituição, bullying, internet, homossexualidade, obesidade, protestos, pedofilia, violência contra crianças, alcoolismo, gangues urbanas, gravidez na adolescência, desemprego e consumismo.
Chemical Energy stored in Biofuels By Abdul Hadi Moiz.pptxHeroboyinRoblox
The document discusses chemical energy stored in biofuels. It defines chemical energy and explains that it is stored in the bonds of atoms and molecules, and can be released through chemical reactions. Biofuels are then discussed as fuels derived from renewable biological sources like plants and algae. The conversion processes of biofuels into usable energy through systems like boilers, generators, and turbines is also summarized. Both advantages and disadvantages of biofuels are provided, noting their environmental impacts depend on production methods and feedstocks used.
The document summarizes different types of waste (hazardous, solid), waste disposal methods (open dumps, sanitary landfills, incineration), types of recycling (primary, secondary, composting), types of radioactive waste (high level, low level), types of environmental hazards (biological, chemical, physical, cultural, lifestyle), specific biological and chemical hazards, and cultural and lifestyle hazards. It also includes multiple choice questions about these topics.
The document discusses the need for sustainable economics and changing international law to address climate change and environmental degradation caused by human activity. It proposes establishing a Green Power Fund of $200 billion per year, funded through carbon markets, to build carbon negative power plants in developing nations. This would link developing nations to carbon markets, provide clean energy, and directly reduce the level of carbon in the atmosphere by capturing more carbon than is emitted.
This document provides an overview of organic versus conventional agriculture, covering their histories, definitions, and methods. Key points include:
- Organic farming excludes synthetic fertilizers and pesticides and relies on techniques like crop rotation and composting. Yields are generally lower than conventional farms.
- Conventional agriculture commonly uses artificial fertilizers and pesticides to control weeds and pests.
- There is debate around whether organic farming is healthier and better for the environment due to lower yields requiring more land and questions around the health risks of chemicals.
This document discusses various topics related to solid waste management including:
1. Definitions of terms like solid waste, collection, and disposal methods
2. Methods of handling, sorting, storing, and processing solid waste including composting, combustion, and waste-to-fuel technologies
3. Health and environmental issues from improper waste management like disease transmission and pollution
4. Approaches to more sustainable waste management such as the waste hierarchy, zero waste, and cradle-to-cradle design.
Environmental studies is a multidisciplinary field that draws from various areas of science like chemistry, physics, biology, and engineering as well as social sciences like economics and policy studies. It examines the interaction between human activity and the natural world. There are growing environmental issues like pollution, resource depletion, and climate change that threaten humanity. Environmental education is crucial to develop sustainable solutions and make informed decisions to protect the environment for future generations.
The Green Power Fund -- A Rio+20 Presentation by Graciela ChichilniskyGraciela Chichilnisky
This document discusses the need for sustainable development and transitioning to a green economy through policy changes. It argues that western economics has lacked connections between people, present and future generations, and the environment. The carbon market established through the Kyoto Protocol and initiatives like the proposed Green Power Fund can help build these connections by creating new markets that value global resources and incentivize clean energy. Transitioning to this "green capitalism" will help ensure human survival by addressing issues like climate change.
This document provides a history and overview of environmental impact assessments (EIAs). It discusses how EIAs emerged in response to environmental crises in industrialized nations in the 1960s-1970s due to issues like air pollution, and how developing countries now face serious environmental problems as well. The objectives of EIAs are to improve project design, ensure efficient resource use, identify mitigation measures, facilitate informed decision-making, and support sustainable development by avoiding harm. EIAs are also useful for conservation-oriented projects to consider secondary impacts and gather baseline information.
Youtube: https://youtu.be/166RceJgonA
John Bryant is Professor Emeritus of Cell and Molecular Biology in the School of Biosciences and Research Associate in the Centre for Genomics in Society at the University of Exeter. He is a Past-President of the Society for Experimental Biology and a former adviser on Bioethics to the UK’s Higher Education Academy.
---
This webinar will discuss the relevance of bioethics to plant science and will deal with the ethical questions that arise in the relationships between plant science, plant biotechnology, politics, law and philosophy. The webinar introduces ethical thinking and will help the attendee to apply that thinking to issues relating to plant research. There will a particular focus on environmental ethics and on the relationship between agricultural innovation and global justice.
Rapid population growth, especially in developing countries, intensifies environmental degradation by depleting natural resources and polluting the environment. Environmental issues have become a focus in both developed and developing nations. Pollution is caused by the discharge of hazardous industrial wastes and chemical pesticides without treatment, damaging health. Strict enforcement of pollution control laws is needed to address the growing problems of environmental degradation and its social impacts.
Harmful Algal Bloom Lady Bird Lake 2019, Sara Hartley and Brent Bellinger - C...TWCA
The document summarizes the City of Austin's response to a harmful algal bloom (HAB) that occurred in Lady Bird Lake in 2019. It provides background on HABs and cyanobacteria, details the monitoring and communication plans for 2020, and reviews factors that may have contributed to the 2019 event. The city aims to routinely monitor water quality, identify algal species and toxins present, and inform the public through signage, media, and an online resource on the current HAB risk level. Questions from attendees are invited.
Cameron Bruett - Our Shared Journey of Continuous ImprovementJohn Blue
Our Shared Journey of Continuous Improvement - Cameron Bruett, Head, Corporate Affairs, JBS USA & Pilgrims and President of the Roundtable for Sustainable Beef, from the 2015 Animal Agriculture Alliance Stakeholders Summit, The Journey to Extraordinary, May 6 - 7, 2015, Kansas City, MO, USA.
More presentations at http://www.trufflemedia.com/agmedia/conference/2015-the-journey-to-extraordinary
- Municipal solid waste generation in Malaysia has increased significantly and averages 0.85-1.5 kg of waste generated per person daily.
- Improper management of solid waste poses negative impacts on human health such as increased risks of cancer, respiratory and skin diseases, and neurological problems.
- Suggested solutions to better manage solid waste include reducing waste production, increasing recycling rates, improving disposal methods, implementing responsible production practices, and promoting public education.
This Power Point presentation is an overview of the green movement and environmentalism designed for students with reading problems. Most every card is read aloud and there is music provided in the background. The sound quality is not great, but the student can understand what is said.
This document discusses organic farming methods and their benefits. It describes organic farming as using natural fertilizers and pesticides, practicing crop rotation and introducing beneficial pests. Farmers add compost and minerals to increase soil health and yields. Research shows that organically grown foods contain more antioxidants, and organic farming protects the environment by maintaining healthy soil with compost instead of chemicals. Organic farming has economic benefits like more rural jobs and reducing external costs of pesticides and fertilizers. However, organic yields can be lower and the food more expensive, bringing into question its sustainability and affordability.
Similar to Wine's Eco-Evangelists: Organic, Biodynamic and Sustainable Wine (20)
3. E C O
Short for Ecology/Ecological. Referring to the
interaction between humans (wine lovers) and our
environment.
E V A N G E L I S T
Used in the less common context of simply
someone who advocates or promotes an idea
enthusiastically. Not the more common religious
uses.
4. U N D E R S T A N D I N G T H E
R E L A T I O N S H I P B E T W E E N
I D E O L O G I E S I N P U R E F O R M
Modern vs. Historic Agriculture
Sustainability Biodynamics
Modern Historic
Organics
5. U N D E R S T A N D I N G T H E
R E L A T I O N S H I P B E T W E E N
I D E O L O G I E S I N R E A L I T Y
Sustainability
Biodynamics
Organics
6. H I S T O R Y O F
A G R I C U L T U R E
• Three Main Phases in History
of Agricultural Technology.
• Agricultural Revolution
(Around 10,000 BCE)
• Industrial Revolution (Around
mid 18th to mid 19th century)
• Green Revolution (About
WWII to mid 1970's)
• Green revolution
7. H I S T O R Y O F T H E
E C O - M O V E M E N T S
• Beginning of 20th century
reacting to the changes from
industrial revolution.
• Largely seeking to return to
historic and traditional
agricultural models.
• Related to concerns about
safety, disconnection from
land, uneasiness about new
techniques among other
reasons.
8. H I S T O R Y O F
O R G A N I C S
• Early organics movements
were some of the earliest Eco-
movements.
• Early organics movements
sought to return to agriculture
pre-synthetic fertilizers,
pesticides, etc.
• Due to nature of many historic
agricultural practices many
early organic movements
focused heavily on philosophy.
9. H I S T O R Y O F
B I O D Y N A M I C S
• Created from principals of Rudolph
Steiner and his Philosophies related
the Anthroposophy.
• Started with lectures given in 1924.
• Developed following Steiner's death
by members of the the
Anthroposophical Society and
pathetic Goetheanum.
• Movement spun off to form Demeter
around 1928
• Arguably the earliest remaining
Organic movement.
11. C O M M O N
G O A L S
• The Promotion of
Environmentally friendly
vineyard practice.
• To minimize ecological
harm or repair the
environment.
• The difference is in the
delivery.
12. G O A L S O F
S U S T A I N A B I L I T
Y
• Sustainability is a vague and
often undefined term.
• The difference between true
Sustainable Viticulture and
"Sustainable Viticulture" is
important.
• For true sustainability the goal is
to create a business that
operates in a manner conducive
to the continued well being of the
business, its employees and the
environment.
13. G O A L S O F
O R G A N I C S
• In its modern for Organics is
ultimately based around the
elimination of synthetic
chemicals in viticulture.
• **Organics does not imply
natural**
• This modern form evolved as a
quantifiable technique. As
mentioned previously early
organics were simply based on
pre-green or industrial revolution
agricultural methods.
14. G O A L S O F
B I O D Y N A M I C S
• Can be described two ways.
• The goal is ultimately to
increase biodiversity through the
use of natural composts, sprays
and other practices.
• In strict terms of anthroposophy
the goal is to promote harmony
in the life forces of living
organisms and channel the
energies of the universe to
create a healthier vineyard.
15. P R A C T I C E S I N S U S T A I N A B I L I T Y
I N - D E P T H
22. P A C K A G I N G
• The two largest determinant of a
wines environmental footprint have
nothing to do with the wine making
process.
• Packaging is one of these.
• The weight of the packaging relative
to volume will cause increases or
decreases in carbon emissions.
• The shape and packing efficiency will
also determine the environmental
impact of transportation.
• The material and style will determine
the environmental impact of
producing the item itself.
23. T R A N S P O R T A T I O N
• As an agricultural product
most wine must travel to its
destination.
• As a luxury product these
destinations greatly influence
the environmental impact of a
given wine.
• In most typical situations
container ships are the most
efficient followed by trains,
trucks and finally aircraft.
• The entire supply chain must
be taken into account.
24. U N D E R S T A N D I N G O R G A N I C S
I N - D E P T H
25. O R G A N I C
R E Q U I R E M E N T S
• A giant mix of varying
requirements.
• Difficult to regulate in the winery.
• General rule across organics is
auditing of vineyard practices by
an independent organization.
• Primary concern in almost all
cases is the use of synthetic
chemicals and prohibited
practices.
26. O R G A N I C M E T H O D S
• Organics exists as a huge
spectrum.
• On one end is ultra traditional
agriculture such as
biodynamics.
• At the other is the "marketing
organics".
• Somewhere in the middle we
find a happy combination of
Organics incorporating
modern scientific methods
and sustainability.
27. W H A T T O D O W I T H O U T T H E
S P R A Y S ?
• Trick Question
• The level of spray usage varies by climate, vineyard
management and disease pressure.
• Most common are copper and sulfur based sprays such as
the lime and copper sulfate based Bordeaux Mixture.
• Many other biological control methods exist.
• For insect control sometimes deterring can be as effective
as eliminating.
28. P R O S A N D C O N S O F O R G A N I C S
• Pros
• Potentially less chemical
pollution.
• No pesticide residues in
finished wine.
• Increased health of soil
microbiology.
• Less ecosystem disruption.
• Cons
• Can be expensive
• Can be potentially more
polluting than conventional
farming.
• Increased risks
• Most methods preventative
very little help for
established problems.
30. B I O D Y N A M I C S
C E R T I F I C A T I O N
• Demeter International overseas the
vast majority of biodynamics
certification.
• Biodyvin is a smaller organization
based in France formed with a focus
on wine.
• Focus on Demeter as major certifying
body.
• The primary requirements to be
certified biodynamic are to be
certified organic and to farm using the
compost and spray preparations.
32. B I O D Y N A M I C P R E P A R A T I O N S
• 9 Preparations required as
part of biodynamic farming.
• Numbered 500-508
• 501 and 508 are sprays for the
plant.
• 500 and 502-507 are for the
soil and compost.
• 500: Cow Manure burried in
Cow horn over winter.
• 501: Ground Quartz burried.
Spring to fall in cow horn.
• 502: Yarrow flower heads
fermented in stag's bladder.
• 503: Chamomile flowers buried
in soil.
• 504: Stinging nettle tea.
• 505: oak bark fermented in the
skull of a domestic animal.
• 506: Dandelion flowers in
Cattle's colon.
• 507: Valerian flower juice.
• 508: Horsetail tea.
33. D Y N A M I Z A T I O N
• Given that biodynamics is
based on anthroposophy the
importance of the spiritual
science or energy cannot be
bypassed.
• In the process of
dynamization the goal is to
imbue the memory or energy
of a substance into a larger
quantity of water to then be
sprayed.
• Must be sprayed within 2-3
hours of dynamization.
34. B I O D Y N A M I C
C A L E N D A R S
• Several
biodynamic/lunar/cosmic
calendars exist.
• In wine the most commonly
used is the Maria Thun
Biodynamic Calendar.
• Now created by her son
Matthias.
• Other calendars created by
national biodynamics
organizations and other
practitioners.
35. U S I N G T H E
C A L E N D A R S
• Designed to translate the natural
rhythms and energies in useable
practices.
• Two main considerations
ascending or descending moon.
• Fruit, Root, Flower and Leaf
days.
• Based largely on the position of
the moon within the
constellations.
36. A N T H R O P O S O P H Y
• The philosophical movement started by Rudolph Steiner in the early
1900's
• Influenced by the thinking of Goethe.
• Seeks to understand the spiritual component of the universe.
• Anthroposophy theorizes that in addition to the world we can understand
with our senses there is also a supersensible world we can't detect.
• Believes that living beings aren't only composed of matter but also an
energy component.
• Referred to these concepts as a spiritual science.
37. G O E T H E A N U M
• Series of two buildings
designed by Steiner to house
Anthroposophical Society.
• First from 1913 - 1922
• Second was started in 1925
and finished around 1998.
• Houses art exhibits,
performances, lectures.
• Home to School of Spiritual
Science to explore the various
concepts of anthroposophy.
38. D O E S B I O D Y N A M I C S W O R K ?
• Domaine Leflaive
• Domaine Leroy
• Marcel Deiss
• Zind Humbrecht
• Chapoutier
• Millton
• Felton Road
39. B I O D Y N A M I C S A N D S C I E N C E
• Constantly at odds.
• Funding for research on biodynamics outside of
biodynamics institutes themselves is limited.
• Difficult to create solid controlled studies due to the all
encompassing nature of the theories.
• Current research at odds with itself.
• Most research points to the compost itself as a likely source
of the benefits of biodynamics.
40. T H E F A R M A S A N E C O S Y S T E M
B I O D Y N A M I C S
42. F L I G H T # 1 N E W
Z E A L A N D P I N O T
N O I R
• As of 2012 94% of New
Zealand Wines were
certified sustainable. 7%
Were also certified organic.
• Goal is to be 100%
Sustainable and 20%
Organic by 2020.
• Government supported not
mandated.
43. W I N E S F L I G H T # 1
• Mondillo Pinot Noir, Central Otago, 2010
• Felton Road Bannockburn Pinot Noir, Central Otago,
2012
• Kim Crawford Pinot Noir, Marlborough, 2013
• Mud House Pinot Noir, Central Otago, 2013
45. F L I G H T # 2 L O I R E
V A L L E Y C H E N I N
B L A N C
• Loire valley is a large and
very traditional wine region.
• Home to one of the most
iconic of Biodynamic
Producers Nicolas Joly and
Coulée de Serant vineyard.
• Traditional agriculture is
alive and well here both
certified and non-certified.
46. F L I G H T # 2 L O I R E V A L L E Y C H E N I N
B L A N C
• Nicolas Joly Savennieres Les Vieux Clos 2010
• Domaine des Baumard Savennieres Clos du Papillon
2009
• Huet Vouvray Clos Bourg Sec 2012
• Champalou Vouvray 2013
Editor's Notes
The environmental impacts of wine are rather surprising.
The totals vary dramatically for other components but bottles, cartons, pesticides combines with transportation always make up the vast majority.
In bordeaux they found that for the industry as a whole inputs were about 43% of ghg
Bulk transport was about 18% and personal transport was about the same again.
One specific winery found that almost 40% of their emissions were related to personal travel.
3.2% Acreage worldwide
Between 2010 and 2012 growth from 160k to 260k hectares
In acreage Spain and Italy take the lead
In percentage however it turns to Austria and France leading the way
Chile currently leads the new world
This applies to 500, 501 and 508 the solutions that must be sprayed.
Most commonly done in a dynamiser a round vessel with water.
Also other methods such as cascading flow form bowls.
Done for up to an hour.
Horn Manure, Horn Silica and Horsetail Sprays.
Calendars dates and times are based around a specific location.
Calendar has to be adjusted to time zone. Ex. Maria Thun a German also produces a North American edition localized to EST.
Fruit Day = Fire Day (Aires, Leo, Sagittarius)
Leaf Day = Water Day (Cancer, Scorpio, Pisces)
Flower Day = Air Day (Gemini, Libra, Aquarius)
Root Day = Earth Day (Taurus, Virgo and Capricorn)
Sustainable wine growing New Zealand was started in 1994 and launched in 1997.
Winery standards were added in 2002
In 2007 NZ winegrowers set 2012 as a target year for all winegrowers to be independently audited.
From 2010 on you must be independently audited for sustainability in order to be included in any industry marketing efforts, events or awards.