Oral evidence refers to statements made by witnesses before a court relating to facts under inquiry. Oral evidence can prove all facts, except for the contents of documents. For oral evidence to be admitted, it must be based on the direct perception of the witness through seeing, hearing, or otherwise perceiving the matter themselves. Hearsay evidence, where a witness repeats what someone else said, is generally not admissible as oral evidence except in certain exceptions such as res gestae statements or admissions against interest.

1. WHAT IS ORAL EVIDENCE?
3(1)
All statements
Which permits or requries to be made before it by witness ,In relation to
matter of fact under enquiry
Is called oral evidence

2. What can be proved by oral
evidence?
Ans: all facts
What cannot be proved by oral evidence?
Ans: the contents of documents

3. Condition for admission of oral
evidence

4. What does it mean by ‘direct?’
1. Must be seen by the witness himself
2. Must be heard by the witness himself
3. Must be percieved by the witness himself
4. If opiinion, must be hold by himself

5. When oral evidence needs not
necessary

6. Exceptions of oral evidence
rules
Hearsay evidence Is not asmissible

7. When hearsay evidence is
admissible
1. Res gaste
2. Admission of confession
3. Statement under section 32
4. Evidence given in former proceeding.