SlideShare a Scribd company logo
Week 2: Research and Entrepreneurship
· Low, Murray B. (2001). The adolescence of entrepreneurship
research: Specification of purpose. Entrepreneurship: Theory
and Practice, Summer, 2001, Vol. 25, Issue 4.
· Scott, S. (2008). The Illusions of Entrepreneurship.
Introduction & Chapter 1.
· Alderich, Howard E., & Martinez, Martha A. (2001). Many are
called, but few are chosen. Entrepreneurship: Theory and
Practice, Summer, 2001, Vol. 25, Issue 4
· Blackburn, Robert, & Kovalaienen Anne. (2009). Researching
small firms and entrepreneurship: Past, present and future.
International Journal of Management Review, Vol. 11, Issue 2.
Week 3: The Global Context
· Zolli, A. (2012). Resilenc: Why things bounce back.
Introduction: The resilence imperative.
· Rifken, Jeremy (2009). The Emphatic Civilization, Chapter 5:
Rethinking the meaning of the human journey. Jeremy P.
Tarcher/Penguin Group.
· Heinberg, R. (2011). The End of Growth. Chapter 4: Won’t
Innovation, Substitution, and Efficiency keep us growing?
· Conley, Dalton. (2009). Elsewhere USA: How we got from the
company man, family dinners, and the affluent society to the
home office, blackberry moms, and economic anxiety. Chapter
3.
Week 4: The Global Context
· Goden, Seth. (2010) Linchpin: Are you indispensable. Chapter
1: The New World of Work. Penguin Group Publishing.
· Rifken, R. (2011). The Third Industrial Revolution, Chapter 4:
Distributed Capitalism. Palgrave/MacMillan.
· Steinbock, D. (2005). The Mobile Revolution: The Making of
Mobile Services Worldwide. Chapter 2: Innovation
· Moroz, P., & Hindle, K. (2011). Entrepreneurship as a
Process: Toward Harmonizing Multiple Perspectives.
Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice.
Week 5: Financing and Entrepreneurship
· Das, S. (2011). Extreme Money: Masters of the Universe and
the Cult of Risk. Chapter 3: Business of Business; Chapter 3:
Business of Business; 4: Money for Sale.
· Leach, J.C., & Melicher, R.W. (2012). Entrepreneurial
Finance, 4th Edition. Chapter 11: Professional Venture Capital
· Roberts, M.J., & Barley, L. (2004). How Venture Capitalists
Evaluate Potential Venture Opportunities. Harvard Business
School. Harvard Publishers.
· Mullen, M.R., Budeva, D.G., & Doney, P.M. (2009). Research
methods in leading small business-entrepreneurship journals: A
critical review with recommendations for future research.
Journal of Small Business Management, 47 (3).
Week 6: Opportunity Identification
· Tapscott, D. (2010). Macrowikinomics: Rebooting business
and the world. Chapter 11: The demise of the newspaper and
rise of the new news.
· Menna, A. (2013). Academic Crowdsourced Media: A New
Conceptual Framework in an Emerging Space. Journal of
Knowledge Economy.
· Gladwell, M. (2002). The Tipping Point: How little things can
make a big difference. Introduction & Chapter 1: The three
rules of epidemics. Little Brown Company.
· Miles, H. (2005). Al-Jazeera: How Arab TV news challenged
the world. Chapter 1: A seed planted in the Desert.
Week 7: Mid Term Exam: Something Ventured: Risk, Reward
and the Original Venture Capitalist (2011). You will watch this
movie in advance and then answer several questions related to
the movie and the course material up this point.
Week 8: Global Family Business
· Poza, E.J., & Daugherty, M.S. (2013). Family Business,
Chapter 1: The Nature, Importance and Uniqueness of Family
Business.
· SusannaKhavul, Garry D Bruton, EricWood.(2009). Informal
Family Business In Africa, November, Entrepreneurship Theory
and Practice. Vol. 33, Issue 6.
· KevinAu,HoKwongKwan.(2009). Start-up Capital and Chinese
Entrepreneurs, July, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.
Vol. 33, Issue 4.
· Williams, D., & Jones, O. (2010). Factors associated with
longevity of small, family-owned firms. International Journal of
Entrepreneurship. Volume 14.
Week 9: Entrepreneurship and Creativity
· Schwartz, E. (2004). Juice: The Creative Fuel that Drives
World Class Innovators. Chapter 1: Creating Possibilities,
Chapter 10: Multiple Insights. Harvard Business School Press.
· Pink, D. (2006). A Whole New Mind: Why Right-Brainers will
Rule the Future. Chapter 1: Right Brain Rising, Chapter 2:
Abundance, Asia , Automation. Riverhead Books Publishers.
· Martin Prosperity Institute. (2008). Ontario in the Creative
Age. University of Toronto: Rotman School of Business.
· Gardner, H. (2006). Five Minds for the Future: Chapter 1:
Minds Views Globally, Chapter 4: The Creative Mind. Harvard
Business School Press.
Week 10: Planning Start-ups and Economic Growth
· Dragon’s Den (2012). The Dragon’s Den Guide to Investor-
Ready Business Plans. Part 2: The Business Plan Checklist.
· Kerr, R.W., & Nanda, R. (2011). Financing New Ventures.
Harvard Business School
· Menna, A., & Catalfamo, H. (2012). Ontario’s micro-brewing
industry: An exploratory study. In Press.
· Maurya, A. (2012). Running Lean: Iterate from plan A, to a
plan that works. 2ND Edition. Chapter 3: Create your lean
canvass.
Week 11: The Entrepreneurial Mind Set
· Gladwell, Malcolm. (2008). Outliers. Chapter 2: The 10,000
hour rule. Little Brown and Company.
· Blawatt, K.R. (2008). Entrepreneurship: Process and
Management, Chapter 6: Defining the Entrepreneur:
Descriptions.
· Duening, T. (2010). Five minds for the entrepreneurial future:
Cognitive skills as the intellectual foundation for the next
generation entrepreneurship curricula. Journal of
Entrepreneurship, Vol. 19, Issue 1.
· West, G.P., & Noel, T.W. (2009). The impact of knowledge
resources on new venture performance. Journal of Small
Business Management, 47 (1), January.
Week 12: Women and Minorities in Entrepreneurship
· Shane, S.A. (2008). The Illusions of Entrepreneurship: The
costly myths that entrepreneurs, investors, and policy makers
live by. Chapter 10: Ho valuable is the average start-up?
· Wells, B.L., & Pfantz, J.,& Bryne, J.L., (2003). Russian
women business owners: Evidence of entrepreneurship in a
transition economy. Journal of Developmental
Entrepreneurship, Vol. 8, Issue 1.
· Lucy Ssendi, Alistair R Anderson (2009). Tanzanian Micro-
Enterprises and Micro-Finance: The Role and Impact for Poor
Rural Women. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, March, Vol. 18,
Issue 1, New Deli Publishers.
· Ahl, Helen (2006). Why Research on Woman Entrepreneurs
need new Directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice.
Vol. 30, Issue 5.
Week 13: Entrepreneurship and Developing Economies
· Bruton, G.,& Ahlstrom, & Obloj, K. (2008). Entrepreneurship
in Emerging Economies: Where are we today and where should
we go in the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Vol.
32, Issue 1.
· Suntorpithug, P., & Suntornpithug, P. (2008). Don’t’ give
them the fish, show them how to fish: Framework of market-
driven entrepreneurship in Thailand. Journal of Small Business
and Entrepreneurship. 21 (2).
· Gray, K.R., Foster, H., & Howard, M. (2006). Motivations of
Moroccans to be entrepreneurs. Journal of Developmental
Entrepreneurship. Vol. 2, Issue 4.
· Umoren, N.J.(2010). Dearth of entrepreneurship in Africa:
Evidence and Challenges. Journal of Applied Management and
Entrepreneurship, Volume 15, Issue 4.
F13 BUS-F301
Solution
to Minicase of Chapter 16
1/6
BUS-F301 Financial Management
Fall 2013, Class No. 14301 (Online)/ 14973 (Face-to-Face)
Answers to Minicase of Chapter 16 on Page 559 of your
textbook.
Please print the minicase from Courseload on Oncourse and
study it well before reading the following.
You can find the instructions on how to print the textbook pages
posted under Syllabus on Oncourse.
This minicase is a VERY CLOSE example for Case Study 3.
Please learn the way below on how to
present your answers to the questions in Case Study 3. You have
to use your own words for your
explanations to your answers for Case Study 3.
1. Should Stephenson want to maximize its overall firm value, it
needs to consider using debt
financing for the $80 million purchase of the land. As interest
payments are expenses to a
firm and they are thus tax deductible (i.e. the interest payments
reduce the taxable income
and, in turn, the tax liability of the firm), debt in a firm’s
capital structure will create a tax
shield leading to a higher overall value of the firm.
According to Modigliani-Miller Proposition I with corporate
taxes, the value of a levered
firm (firm that borrows – Firm L) is equal to the value of an
unlevered firm (firm that does
not borrow – Firm U) with identical assets and operations plus
interest tax shield (i.e. the tax
savings achieved by a firm from interest expenses resulted from
borrowing).
Therefore, VL = VU + TC × D
where VL is the value of the levered firm,
VU is the value of the unlevered firm,
TC is the corporate tax rate,
D is the debt amount (this same amount is assumed to be
borrowed by the firm
perpetually) and
TC × D is the present value of the interest tax shield
This valuation model can also be applied to a firm before and
after using debt. We can think
of a firm before using any debt as an unlevered firm and when it
starts using some debt, it
turns itself into a levered firm.
The present value of the interest tax shield is derived as below.
Assuming that the debt, D, is perpetual and the annual interest
rate is RD. Thus, the annual
interest expense is D × RD. Suppose the corporate tax rate is
TC, the annual interest payment
(expense) will lower the tax liability by TC × D × RD per year
(annual interest tax shield) for
a levered firm as compared with an identical unlevered firm.
Since the interest tax shields
are generated by the need of paying interests, they are
considered to have the same risk as
the debt itself. As such, the appropriate discount rate for them
is the cost of debt, i.e. the
interest rate. As the debt is perpetual and the same amount of
interest tax shield will be
generated each year, the resulting interest tax shields will form
a perpetuity to the firm.
F13 BUS-F301

More Related Content

Similar to Week 2 Research and Entrepreneurship· Low, Murray B. (2.docx

(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...
(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...
(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...
iqbalnaser30
 
Examples Of Introduction Paragraph To An Essay
Examples Of Introduction Paragraph To An EssayExamples Of Introduction Paragraph To An Essay
Examples Of Introduction Paragraph To An Essay
Amie Campbell
 
Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.
Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.
Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.
Rebecca Harris
 
Essentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docx
Essentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docxEssentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docx
Essentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docx
debishakespeare
 
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdf
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdfENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdf
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdf
jitendrasahu795646
 
international-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdf
international-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdfinternational-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdf
international-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdf
Michael517748
 
Custom Admissions Essay Heading College Applicat
Custom Admissions Essay Heading College ApplicatCustom Admissions Essay Heading College Applicat
Custom Admissions Essay Heading College Applicat
Cyndi Ruppel
 
Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example Gradu...
Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example  Gradu...Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example  Gradu...
Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example Gradu...
Maria Watson
 
Ed in india
Ed in indiaEd in india
Ed in india
ishwar kumar
 
Resume_Kakali_Parial.
Resume_Kakali_Parial.Resume_Kakali_Parial.
Resume_Kakali_Parial.Kakali Parial
 
Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.
Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.
Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.
Umon Kinneberg
 
Fun Easy Essay Topics
Fun Easy Essay TopicsFun Easy Essay Topics
Fun Easy Essay Topics
Stacy Marshall
 
International business
International businessInternational business
International business
Thanh Thanh
 
Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011
Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011
Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011
Reynolds Center for Business Journalism
 
Ecosystems and City Governments Lessons from Boulder, CO
Ecosystems and City Governments  Lessons from Boulder, COEcosystems and City Governments  Lessons from Boulder, CO
Ecosystems and City Governments Lessons from Boulder, CO
Dr. Jason Kassel
 
Global Finance, Money and Power Module Handbook
Global Finance, Money and Power Module HandbookGlobal Finance, Money and Power Module Handbook
Global Finance, Money and Power Module Handbook
Conor McCabe
 
Recruitment And Hr
Recruitment And HrRecruitment And Hr
Recruitment And Hr
Winstina Kennedy
 
Business & professional ethics 7e brooks test bank and solution manual
Business & professional ethics 7e brooks   test bank and solution manualBusiness & professional ethics 7e brooks   test bank and solution manual
Business & professional ethics 7e brooks test bank and solution manual
Solution Manual TESTBANKSM01
 
Introduction Strategic Management.pdf
Introduction Strategic Management.pdfIntroduction Strategic Management.pdf
Introduction Strategic Management.pdf
zarni64
 
Microeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docx
Microeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docxMicroeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docx
Microeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docx
annandleola
 

Similar to Week 2 Research and Entrepreneurship· Low, Murray B. (2.docx (20)

(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...
(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...
(McGraw-Hill_Irwin_Series_in_Finance,_Insurance_and_Real_Estate_(Hardcover))_...
 
Examples Of Introduction Paragraph To An Essay
Examples Of Introduction Paragraph To An EssayExamples Of Introduction Paragraph To An Essay
Examples Of Introduction Paragraph To An Essay
 
Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.
Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.
Critical Analytical Essay Format. Comparative Analysis Essay.
 
Essentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docx
Essentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docxEssentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docx
Essentials of Corporate Financeros13952_fm_i-xxxvi.i.docx
 
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdf
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdfENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdf
ENTREPRENEURSHIP AND NEW VENTURE CREATION.pdf
 
international-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdf
international-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdfinternational-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdf
international-business-mike-w-peng-university-of-texas.pdf
 
Custom Admissions Essay Heading College Applicat
Custom Admissions Essay Heading College ApplicatCustom Admissions Essay Heading College Applicat
Custom Admissions Essay Heading College Applicat
 
Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example Gradu...
Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example  Gradu...Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example  Gradu...
Candide Essay Topics. Voltaires Use of Satire in Candide Essay Example Gradu...
 
Ed in india
Ed in indiaEd in india
Ed in india
 
Resume_Kakali_Parial.
Resume_Kakali_Parial.Resume_Kakali_Parial.
Resume_Kakali_Parial.
 
Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.
Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.
Freebies Essay. Online assignment writing service.
 
Fun Easy Essay Topics
Fun Easy Essay TopicsFun Easy Essay Topics
Fun Easy Essay Topics
 
International business
International businessInternational business
International business
 
Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011
Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011
Preparing Students for Business Journalism's Future - Reynolds Week 2011
 
Ecosystems and City Governments Lessons from Boulder, CO
Ecosystems and City Governments  Lessons from Boulder, COEcosystems and City Governments  Lessons from Boulder, CO
Ecosystems and City Governments Lessons from Boulder, CO
 
Global Finance, Money and Power Module Handbook
Global Finance, Money and Power Module HandbookGlobal Finance, Money and Power Module Handbook
Global Finance, Money and Power Module Handbook
 
Recruitment And Hr
Recruitment And HrRecruitment And Hr
Recruitment And Hr
 
Business & professional ethics 7e brooks test bank and solution manual
Business & professional ethics 7e brooks   test bank and solution manualBusiness & professional ethics 7e brooks   test bank and solution manual
Business & professional ethics 7e brooks test bank and solution manual
 
Introduction Strategic Management.pdf
Introduction Strategic Management.pdfIntroduction Strategic Management.pdf
Introduction Strategic Management.pdf
 
Microeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docx
Microeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docxMicroeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docx
Microeconomics Discussion Questions Week 1Please answer each o.docx
 

More from melbruce90096

`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx
`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx
`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx
melbruce90096
 
_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx
_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx
_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx
melbruce90096
 
[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx
[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx
[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx
melbruce90096
 
[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx
[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx
[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx
melbruce90096
 
[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx
[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx
[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docx
Your paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docxYour paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docx
Your paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docx
melbruce90096
 
[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx
[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx
[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docx
Your paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docxYour paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docx
Your paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docx
Your Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docxYour Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docx
Your Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docx
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docxYour Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docx
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docx
Your director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docxYour director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docx
Your director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docx
melbruce90096
 
YOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docx
YOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docxYOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docx
YOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docx
Your draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docxYour draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docx
Your draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docx
Your company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docxYour company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docx
Your company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docx
Your boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docxYour boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docx
Your boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docx
Your boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docxYour boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docx
Your boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docx
melbruce90096
 
your assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docx
your assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docxyour assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docx
your assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docx
Your assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docxYour assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docx
Your assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docx
melbruce90096
 
your article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docx
your article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docxyour article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docx
your article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docx
melbruce90096
 
Your administrator has come to you for information for a present.docx
Your administrator has come to you for information for a present.docxYour administrator has come to you for information for a present.docx
Your administrator has come to you for information for a present.docx
melbruce90096
 

More from melbruce90096 (20)

`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx
`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx
`Do assignments as detailed outNO WIKI for referncesPlease m.docx
 
_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx
_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx
_____1.On July 9, Sheb Company sells goods on credit to .docx
 
[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx
[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx
[removed]eltomate  Son rojos y se sirven (they are serv.docx
 
[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx
[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx
[u07d2] Unit 7 Discussion 2Conflict and ChangeResourcesDiscuss.docx
 
[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx
[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx
[removed]1.Which of the following processes addresses when to sp.docx
 
Your paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docx
Your paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docxYour paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docx
Your paper should be a literary essay in which you present a combina.docx
 
[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx
[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx
[removed]1.Photographs are an important source of data because t.docx
 
Your paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docx
Your paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docxYour paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docx
Your paper should address the following questionsWhen you hear th.docx
 
Your Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docx
Your Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docxYour Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docx
Your Final Project from this course will enable you to compare cultu.docx
 
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docx
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docxYour Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docx
Your Final Paper is to be a comprehensive research study on one of t.docx
 
Your director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docx
Your director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docxYour director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docx
Your director is not aware of the involvement of the Department of H.docx
 
YOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docx
YOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docxYOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docx
YOull need to know The purpose of this research is to focus atte.docx
 
Your draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docx
Your draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docxYour draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docx
Your draft should establish and develop a single thesis [or co.docx
 
Your company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docx
Your company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docxYour company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docx
Your company has just hired your foreign friend to work in a middle-.docx
 
Your boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docx
Your boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docxYour boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docx
Your boss has asked you to write a Project Management Plan. Your pla.docx
 
Your boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docx
Your boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docxYour boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docx
Your boss has chosen you to give a presentation to a number of forei.docx
 
your assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docx
your assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docxyour assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docx
your assignment is to submit a presentation on Native-American liter.docx
 
Your assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docx
Your assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docxYour assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docx
Your assignment is to report on TWO cultural experience visits y.docx
 
your article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docx
your article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docxyour article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docx
your article must be a research article You can tell it is a researc.docx
 
Your administrator has come to you for information for a present.docx
Your administrator has come to you for information for a present.docxYour administrator has come to you for information for a present.docx
Your administrator has come to you for information for a present.docx
 

Recently uploaded

Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9  .docxAcetabularia Information For Class 9  .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
vaibhavrinwa19
 
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
CarlosHernanMontoyab2
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
DeeptiGupta154
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
Jisc
 
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
MysoreMuleSoftMeetup
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
Jisc
 
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativeEmbracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Peter Windle
 
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
Nguyen Thanh Tu Collection
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Anna Sz.
 
Additional Benefits for Employee Website.pdf
Additional Benefits for Employee Website.pdfAdditional Benefits for Employee Website.pdf
Additional Benefits for Employee Website.pdf
joachimlavalley1
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
Special education needs
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Tamralipta Mahavidyalaya
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
SACHIN R KONDAGURI
 
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxHonest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
timhan337
 
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfWelcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
TechSoup
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Jisc
 
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCECLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
BhavyaRajput3
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
Delapenabediema
 
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdfLapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Jean Carlos Nunes Paixão
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Vikramjit Singh
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9  .docxAcetabularia Information For Class 9  .docx
Acetabularia Information For Class 9 .docx
 
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
678020731-Sumas-y-Restas-Para-Colorear.pdf
 
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with MechanismOverview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
Overview on Edible Vaccine: Pros & Cons with Mechanism
 
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
How libraries can support authors with open access requirements for UKRI fund...
 
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
Mule 4.6 & Java 17 Upgrade | MuleSoft Mysore Meetup #46
 
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptxThe approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
The approach at University of Liverpool.pptx
 
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic ImperativeEmbracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
Embracing GenAI - A Strategic Imperative
 
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
BÀI TẬP BỔ TRỢ TIẾNG ANH GLOBAL SUCCESS LỚP 3 - CẢ NĂM (CÓ FILE NGHE VÀ ĐÁP Á...
 
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech RepublicPolish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
Polish students' mobility in the Czech Republic
 
Additional Benefits for Employee Website.pdf
Additional Benefits for Employee Website.pdfAdditional Benefits for Employee Website.pdf
Additional Benefits for Employee Website.pdf
 
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdfspecial B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
special B.ed 2nd year old paper_20240531.pdf
 
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdfHome assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
Home assignment II on Spectroscopy 2024 Answers.pdf
 
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe..."Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
"Protectable subject matters, Protection in biotechnology, Protection of othe...
 
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptxHonest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
Honest Reviews of Tim Han LMA Course Program.pptx
 
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdfWelcome to TechSoup   New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
Welcome to TechSoup New Member Orientation and Q&A (May 2024).pdf
 
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptxSupporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
Supporting (UKRI) OA monographs at Salford.pptx
 
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCECLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
CLASS 11 CBSE B.St Project AIDS TO TRADE - INSURANCE
 
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official PublicationThe Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
The Challenger.pdf DNHS Official Publication
 
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdfLapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
Lapbook sobre os Regimes Totalitários.pdf
 
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and ResearchDigital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
Digital Tools and AI for Teaching Learning and Research
 

Week 2 Research and Entrepreneurship· Low, Murray B. (2.docx

  • 1. Week 2: Research and Entrepreneurship · Low, Murray B. (2001). The adolescence of entrepreneurship research: Specification of purpose. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, Summer, 2001, Vol. 25, Issue 4. · Scott, S. (2008). The Illusions of Entrepreneurship. Introduction & Chapter 1. · Alderich, Howard E., & Martinez, Martha A. (2001). Many are called, but few are chosen. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, Summer, 2001, Vol. 25, Issue 4 · Blackburn, Robert, & Kovalaienen Anne. (2009). Researching small firms and entrepreneurship: Past, present and future. International Journal of Management Review, Vol. 11, Issue 2. Week 3: The Global Context · Zolli, A. (2012). Resilenc: Why things bounce back. Introduction: The resilence imperative. · Rifken, Jeremy (2009). The Emphatic Civilization, Chapter 5: Rethinking the meaning of the human journey. Jeremy P. Tarcher/Penguin Group. · Heinberg, R. (2011). The End of Growth. Chapter 4: Won’t Innovation, Substitution, and Efficiency keep us growing? · Conley, Dalton. (2009). Elsewhere USA: How we got from the company man, family dinners, and the affluent society to the home office, blackberry moms, and economic anxiety. Chapter 3. Week 4: The Global Context · Goden, Seth. (2010) Linchpin: Are you indispensable. Chapter
  • 2. 1: The New World of Work. Penguin Group Publishing. · Rifken, R. (2011). The Third Industrial Revolution, Chapter 4: Distributed Capitalism. Palgrave/MacMillan. · Steinbock, D. (2005). The Mobile Revolution: The Making of Mobile Services Worldwide. Chapter 2: Innovation · Moroz, P., & Hindle, K. (2011). Entrepreneurship as a Process: Toward Harmonizing Multiple Perspectives. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice. Week 5: Financing and Entrepreneurship · Das, S. (2011). Extreme Money: Masters of the Universe and the Cult of Risk. Chapter 3: Business of Business; Chapter 3: Business of Business; 4: Money for Sale. · Leach, J.C., & Melicher, R.W. (2012). Entrepreneurial Finance, 4th Edition. Chapter 11: Professional Venture Capital · Roberts, M.J., & Barley, L. (2004). How Venture Capitalists Evaluate Potential Venture Opportunities. Harvard Business School. Harvard Publishers. · Mullen, M.R., Budeva, D.G., & Doney, P.M. (2009). Research methods in leading small business-entrepreneurship journals: A critical review with recommendations for future research. Journal of Small Business Management, 47 (3). Week 6: Opportunity Identification · Tapscott, D. (2010). Macrowikinomics: Rebooting business and the world. Chapter 11: The demise of the newspaper and rise of the new news. · Menna, A. (2013). Academic Crowdsourced Media: A New Conceptual Framework in an Emerging Space. Journal of Knowledge Economy. · Gladwell, M. (2002). The Tipping Point: How little things can make a big difference. Introduction & Chapter 1: The three rules of epidemics. Little Brown Company.
  • 3. · Miles, H. (2005). Al-Jazeera: How Arab TV news challenged the world. Chapter 1: A seed planted in the Desert. Week 7: Mid Term Exam: Something Ventured: Risk, Reward and the Original Venture Capitalist (2011). You will watch this movie in advance and then answer several questions related to the movie and the course material up this point. Week 8: Global Family Business · Poza, E.J., & Daugherty, M.S. (2013). Family Business, Chapter 1: The Nature, Importance and Uniqueness of Family Business. · SusannaKhavul, Garry D Bruton, EricWood.(2009). Informal Family Business In Africa, November, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Vol. 33, Issue 6. · KevinAu,HoKwongKwan.(2009). Start-up Capital and Chinese Entrepreneurs, July, Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Vol. 33, Issue 4. · Williams, D., & Jones, O. (2010). Factors associated with longevity of small, family-owned firms. International Journal of Entrepreneurship. Volume 14. Week 9: Entrepreneurship and Creativity · Schwartz, E. (2004). Juice: The Creative Fuel that Drives World Class Innovators. Chapter 1: Creating Possibilities, Chapter 10: Multiple Insights. Harvard Business School Press. · Pink, D. (2006). A Whole New Mind: Why Right-Brainers will Rule the Future. Chapter 1: Right Brain Rising, Chapter 2: Abundance, Asia , Automation. Riverhead Books Publishers. · Martin Prosperity Institute. (2008). Ontario in the Creative
  • 4. Age. University of Toronto: Rotman School of Business. · Gardner, H. (2006). Five Minds for the Future: Chapter 1: Minds Views Globally, Chapter 4: The Creative Mind. Harvard Business School Press. Week 10: Planning Start-ups and Economic Growth · Dragon’s Den (2012). The Dragon’s Den Guide to Investor- Ready Business Plans. Part 2: The Business Plan Checklist. · Kerr, R.W., & Nanda, R. (2011). Financing New Ventures. Harvard Business School · Menna, A., & Catalfamo, H. (2012). Ontario’s micro-brewing industry: An exploratory study. In Press. · Maurya, A. (2012). Running Lean: Iterate from plan A, to a plan that works. 2ND Edition. Chapter 3: Create your lean canvass. Week 11: The Entrepreneurial Mind Set · Gladwell, Malcolm. (2008). Outliers. Chapter 2: The 10,000 hour rule. Little Brown and Company. · Blawatt, K.R. (2008). Entrepreneurship: Process and Management, Chapter 6: Defining the Entrepreneur: Descriptions. · Duening, T. (2010). Five minds for the entrepreneurial future: Cognitive skills as the intellectual foundation for the next generation entrepreneurship curricula. Journal of Entrepreneurship, Vol. 19, Issue 1. · West, G.P., & Noel, T.W. (2009). The impact of knowledge resources on new venture performance. Journal of Small Business Management, 47 (1), January. Week 12: Women and Minorities in Entrepreneurship
  • 5. · Shane, S.A. (2008). The Illusions of Entrepreneurship: The costly myths that entrepreneurs, investors, and policy makers live by. Chapter 10: Ho valuable is the average start-up? · Wells, B.L., & Pfantz, J.,& Bryne, J.L., (2003). Russian women business owners: Evidence of entrepreneurship in a transition economy. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship, Vol. 8, Issue 1. · Lucy Ssendi, Alistair R Anderson (2009). Tanzanian Micro- Enterprises and Micro-Finance: The Role and Impact for Poor Rural Women. The Journal of Entrepreneurship, March, Vol. 18, Issue 1, New Deli Publishers. · Ahl, Helen (2006). Why Research on Woman Entrepreneurs need new Directions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Vol. 30, Issue 5. Week 13: Entrepreneurship and Developing Economies · Bruton, G.,& Ahlstrom, & Obloj, K. (2008). Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies: Where are we today and where should we go in the future. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice. Vol. 32, Issue 1. · Suntorpithug, P., & Suntornpithug, P. (2008). Don’t’ give them the fish, show them how to fish: Framework of market- driven entrepreneurship in Thailand. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship. 21 (2). · Gray, K.R., Foster, H., & Howard, M. (2006). Motivations of Moroccans to be entrepreneurs. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship. Vol. 2, Issue 4. · Umoren, N.J.(2010). Dearth of entrepreneurship in Africa: Evidence and Challenges. Journal of Applied Management and
  • 6. Entrepreneurship, Volume 15, Issue 4. F13 BUS-F301 Solution to Minicase of Chapter 16 1/6 BUS-F301 Financial Management Fall 2013, Class No. 14301 (Online)/ 14973 (Face-to-Face) Answers to Minicase of Chapter 16 on Page 559 of your textbook. Please print the minicase from Courseload on Oncourse and study it well before reading the following. You can find the instructions on how to print the textbook pages posted under Syllabus on Oncourse.
  • 7. This minicase is a VERY CLOSE example for Case Study 3. Please learn the way below on how to present your answers to the questions in Case Study 3. You have to use your own words for your explanations to your answers for Case Study 3. 1. Should Stephenson want to maximize its overall firm value, it needs to consider using debt financing for the $80 million purchase of the land. As interest payments are expenses to a firm and they are thus tax deductible (i.e. the interest payments reduce the taxable income and, in turn, the tax liability of the firm), debt in a firm’s capital structure will create a tax shield leading to a higher overall value of the firm. According to Modigliani-Miller Proposition I with corporate taxes, the value of a levered firm (firm that borrows – Firm L) is equal to the value of an unlevered firm (firm that does not borrow – Firm U) with identical assets and operations plus interest tax shield (i.e. the tax savings achieved by a firm from interest expenses resulted from borrowing).
  • 8. Therefore, VL = VU + TC × D where VL is the value of the levered firm, VU is the value of the unlevered firm, TC is the corporate tax rate, D is the debt amount (this same amount is assumed to be borrowed by the firm perpetually) and TC × D is the present value of the interest tax shield This valuation model can also be applied to a firm before and after using debt. We can think of a firm before using any debt as an unlevered firm and when it starts using some debt, it turns itself into a levered firm. The present value of the interest tax shield is derived as below. Assuming that the debt, D, is perpetual and the annual interest rate is RD. Thus, the annual interest expense is D × RD. Suppose the corporate tax rate is
  • 9. TC, the annual interest payment (expense) will lower the tax liability by TC × D × RD per year (annual interest tax shield) for a levered firm as compared with an identical unlevered firm. Since the interest tax shields are generated by the need of paying interests, they are considered to have the same risk as the debt itself. As such, the appropriate discount rate for them is the cost of debt, i.e. the interest rate. As the debt is perpetual and the same amount of interest tax shield will be generated each year, the resulting interest tax shields will form a perpetuity to the firm. F13 BUS-F301