The document discusses innovative models that are expanding financial access through transformational business models like Alibaba in China and M-Pesa in Kenya. It also discusses the World Bank's goal of achieving universal financial access by 2020 through new technologies and business models. However, it notes that simply improving access to financial services is only a first step, and that bank accounts are important for full financial inclusion and access to savings, credit, and insurance. It discusses lessons from pilots on making low-income bank accounts viable and sustainable for banks through simplified products, alternative access points, and affordable pricing. Private sector buy-in is seen as key to achieving financial inclusion targets.
Digital Finance and Innovations in Education: Workshop ReportCGAP
CGAP’s Digital Finance Plus initiative convened a workshop in Nairobi on 7 April 2016 aimed at bringing together stakeholders interested in the opportunities for digital finance to improve the affordability of education for low-income households. This document captures themes from the workshop presentations and design thinking session.
The Global Landscape of Digital Finance InnovationsCGAP
More than half of the world’s adult population, nearly 2.5 billion people, remain unbanked. Technology – particularly the mobile phone – has been used in recent years to extend financial services past the limits of bank branches and reach new consumers in traditionally underserved segments. Initial efforts focused on payments but have now grown to include savings, insurance and credit products delivered by digital channels, known as “products beyond payments.” Despite a dramatic expansion in the number of digital financial service deployments, the offering of these financial services are not new services. Rather, they are existing services migrated to a lower-cost digital channel, therefore offering greater scale potential. And even then, use of these channels currently remain low.
This research seeks to accomplish four objectives:
Catalog the ways in which technology, especially mobile, can enhance access or use of financial services
Provide a comprehensive landscape of the latest innovations in digital finance
Consider the current and potential impact of these innovations on financial inclusion
Identify enabling conditions and investments needed to unlock the potential of the sector
This report was commissioned by NetHope with a charitable contribution from Visa's Financial Inclusion Unit. Research for this study, both primary and secondary, was conducted by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP.
Though digital credit has been in Tanzania for years, there have been few analyses of the country’s digital credit market. Existing studies raise important concerns about digital credit’s impact on customers. To help fill this knowledge gap in Tanzania, CGAP and the Busara Center for Behavioral Economics, at the request of the Bank of Tanzania, analyzed data from three digital credit providers and built a first-of-its-kind, data-driven picture of the digital credit market’s evolution and current state. In total, we looked at transactional and demographic data for more than 20 million loans disbursed over 23 months.
In 2015, the CGAP-funded Financial Inclusion Insights Survey was conducted in Rwanda by InterMedia. The survey analyzes trends in mobile money usage in the country and highlights opportunities for growth in the industry.
Global Landscape Study on P2G Payments: Summary of in-country consumer resear...CGAP
For this study on P2G (Person-to-government) payments, Rwanda was selected as a focus country given the potential reach and varied nature of two key initiatives: the IREMBO e-government platform and the Tap&Go smartcard for public bus transport. Digital payments for school fees and utility payments were also studied. Tap&Go is privately managed but offers P2G learnings for other countries where public transport is government-run.
The research sought to answer questions across three key areas:
1. How well did digital P2G payment solutions reach and address the needs of the financially excluded?
2. What were effective and sustainable business models between actors, and how were they set up?
3. How do current and planned solutions support and work with the evolving digital payments ecosystem in Rwanda?
Digital Finance and Innovations in Education: Workshop ReportCGAP
CGAP’s Digital Finance Plus initiative convened a workshop in Nairobi on 7 April 2016 aimed at bringing together stakeholders interested in the opportunities for digital finance to improve the affordability of education for low-income households. This document captures themes from the workshop presentations and design thinking session.
The Global Landscape of Digital Finance InnovationsCGAP
More than half of the world’s adult population, nearly 2.5 billion people, remain unbanked. Technology – particularly the mobile phone – has been used in recent years to extend financial services past the limits of bank branches and reach new consumers in traditionally underserved segments. Initial efforts focused on payments but have now grown to include savings, insurance and credit products delivered by digital channels, known as “products beyond payments.” Despite a dramatic expansion in the number of digital financial service deployments, the offering of these financial services are not new services. Rather, they are existing services migrated to a lower-cost digital channel, therefore offering greater scale potential. And even then, use of these channels currently remain low.
This research seeks to accomplish four objectives:
Catalog the ways in which technology, especially mobile, can enhance access or use of financial services
Provide a comprehensive landscape of the latest innovations in digital finance
Consider the current and potential impact of these innovations on financial inclusion
Identify enabling conditions and investments needed to unlock the potential of the sector
This report was commissioned by NetHope with a charitable contribution from Visa's Financial Inclusion Unit. Research for this study, both primary and secondary, was conducted by Deloitte Touche Tohmatsu India LLP.
Though digital credit has been in Tanzania for years, there have been few analyses of the country’s digital credit market. Existing studies raise important concerns about digital credit’s impact on customers. To help fill this knowledge gap in Tanzania, CGAP and the Busara Center for Behavioral Economics, at the request of the Bank of Tanzania, analyzed data from three digital credit providers and built a first-of-its-kind, data-driven picture of the digital credit market’s evolution and current state. In total, we looked at transactional and demographic data for more than 20 million loans disbursed over 23 months.
In 2015, the CGAP-funded Financial Inclusion Insights Survey was conducted in Rwanda by InterMedia. The survey analyzes trends in mobile money usage in the country and highlights opportunities for growth in the industry.
Global Landscape Study on P2G Payments: Summary of in-country consumer resear...CGAP
For this study on P2G (Person-to-government) payments, Rwanda was selected as a focus country given the potential reach and varied nature of two key initiatives: the IREMBO e-government platform and the Tap&Go smartcard for public bus transport. Digital payments for school fees and utility payments were also studied. Tap&Go is privately managed but offers P2G learnings for other countries where public transport is government-run.
The research sought to answer questions across three key areas:
1. How well did digital P2G payment solutions reach and address the needs of the financially excluded?
2. What were effective and sustainable business models between actors, and how were they set up?
3. How do current and planned solutions support and work with the evolving digital payments ecosystem in Rwanda?
Digital Cash Transfers and Financial Inclusion in IndiaCGAP
Digital Cash Transfers and Financial Inclusion in India outlines key elements for implementing digital cash transfers in India to achieve greater financial inclusion. It recommends establishing a one stop shop model where individuals can access government payments, financial services, and other functions in one location through digital infrastructure and interoperable backend systems. This would provide efficiencies for the government and more convenient access to services for users. The document also stresses the importance of coordination, developing sustainable business models for agents, and addressing issues like connectivity in rural areas.
Digital credit has grown rapidly over the past 10 years, with over 800 new alternative lending companies established and $9.5 billion invested. Digital credit is defined as loans that are approved instantly through automated and remote processes without human review or a physical visit. In developing markets, mobile network operators play a dominant role in providing digital credit due to their existing customer access points and data sources. Successful digital credit programs can scale rapidly, with examples in Kenya and Tanzania growing to millions of customers within a few years. While primarily used for short-term liquidity needs, digital credit fills an important gap and has the potential to strengthen financial ecosystems and inclusion.
Financial Inclusion: Landscape and ChallengesJohnnyRizq
There are 2.5 billion unbanked adults around the world, mainly in developing economies. Financial inclusion is important because the lack of access to formal financial services limits the ability of poor communities to thrive economically, and also entails greater risks of fraud and theft. This presentation gives an overview of the status of financial inclusion, what it means, and how new technologies such as mobile money services could help give poor people in remote areas better access to reliable financial services.
This document provides a summary of a presentation on digital financial services (DFS) in Ethiopia. The presentation includes:
- An agenda for the dissemination of findings event on DFS in Ethiopia.
- An overview of key elements needed for a DFS ecosystem, including an electronic payments system, cash-in/cash-out networks, and financial institutions adding services.
- A discussion of the experience with DFS globally, including the mixed success of mobile operators and challenges for other players to be relevant without partnerships.
- An assessment of Ethiopia's market readiness for DFS, including opportunities around government commitment but also weaknesses in regulations and banking/telecom infrastructure.
- The large potential need and transaction volumes that could
It is a reader friendly, practical and easy to follow presentation on the challenges that Financial Institutions have to cope with for a healthy and sustainable growth.
Technology In Microfinance June 30 2009Mark Pickens
This document discusses trends in branchless banking and financial inclusion. It provides an overview of branchless banking, how it works, and its benefits for agents, providers, and clients. Examples from Brazil, Kenya, Tanzania, and India are examined, highlighting both successes and challenges. Key areas to address moving forward are identified as regulation, meeting customer needs beyond payments, and developing sustainable agent networks. The document predicts continued growth in branchless banking and mobile money globally by 2020 if these areas can be addressed effectively by governments and the private sector.
The Journey to Customer Centricity in Financial InclusionCGAP
Most microfinance institutions provide a narrowly focused product range, usually only microcredit. Until recently, this was the major focus of Janalakshmi
Financial Services, a microfinance institution in India serving over 2 million customers in urban areas. Janalakshmi built its portfolio around a Grameenstyle group loan product. In 2011, Janalakshmi took the first steps toward customer-centricity, segmenting its customer base and designing the “Jana-One” delivery channel to offer a full range of financial services to the owners of high-growth potential microenterprises, a segment they called “accelerators.” While this move was an innovation for Janalakshmi’s business model, the institutional mechanisms were still set up to deliver credit. Recognizing this tension between the vision and execution, Janalakshmi partnered with CGAP to explore new approaches in understanding its customers and to implement the principles of customer-centricity throughout the operational
structures of the organization. The Janalakshmi journey toward embedded and internalized customer-centricity will span three broad phases (Understanding Customers, Designing Effective Organizational Delivery, and Making the Business Case Work). This brochure shares the learnings from the first phase of work to understand customers. Janalakshmi, CGAP, and Innovation Labs (a Bangalore-based design-innovation consultancy) worked together over six months on this project.
Digital Finance Plus Readiness in Tanzania: SummaryCGAP
The document assesses the readiness for digital finance plus implementation across multiple sectors in Tanzania. It evaluates six dimensions of readiness for each sector: 1) reach and adoption of mobile infrastructure, 2) readiness of financial and digital infrastructure, 3) role of government and regulation, 4) severity of sector challenges, 5) financial gaps, and 6) viability of digital finance plus business models and scaling. For each sector, the document provides a high-level analysis of where constraints exist across these dimensions in implementing digital finance plus solutions.
This document summarizes a survey report on tiered KYC intervention for migrants in Ethiopia. Key findings include:
- 79% of respondents did not have a valid ID, with women disproportionately affected (60% of those without valid ID).
- 85% of respondents did not have a bank account. Lack of valid ID was the main reason, especially for women (100% cited it).
- Common alternative savings methods like equb and trusting friends/relatives carry risks like losing money.
The report recommends conducting a larger survey as baseline data and addressing other constraints to access formal financial services in addition to lack of ID.
This document summarizes research on customer risks in digital finance and proposes solutions to mitigate those risks. It finds that while digital finance now serves over 300 million customers, many experience problems like network downtime, agent liquidity issues, complex interfaces, and fraud. The research identifies 7 key customer risk areas and provides examples of risks reported in various countries. It then proposes 5 priorities for industry to address through solutions like improving network reliability, simplifying interfaces, strengthening agent oversight, combating fraud, and improving complaint resolution. The goal is to increase trust in digital finance and improve the customer experience.
2 billion people globally have no bank account, but 1 billion of them have a mobile phone. Markets for digital financial services are expanding worldwide.
Saldazo, a Visa debit card product co-branded with Banamex bank, has made Mexico’s largest corner store retail chain – OXXO – the country’s number one transactional account supplier. This presentation provides a Mexican market overview and shares key success factors, challenges and insights from this project.
Digital india: Emerging Challenges & Opportunities for the Banking SectorArun Prabhudesai
The presentation given by RBI's Harun R Khan outlines the following:
Digital Revolution: migration from cash to electronic
payments
• New Thrust Areas: mobile banking – BBPS - TReDS
• Security vs Convenience
• Challenges & Opportunities for banks
• Concluding Thoughts
This document discusses the growth of retail finance in India. It notes that retail banking has expanded its scope and become a prominent part of bank balance sheets. Banks now offer a wide range of loan products to retail customers. Housing loans and auto loans have seen particularly strong growth. Overall, retail advances for banks grew 41.2% in 2004-05. Retail finance is seen as having significant potential for further expansion given India's growing middle class and low existing penetration rates. However, regulators have expressed some concerns about the rapid growth rates in certain retail segments like housing.
Why Star Ratings Matter for Financial InclusionCGAP
Using the example of MercadoLibre, this presentation details the ways in which e-commerce sales data--not typically available for credit scoring--can enrich existing scoring models and improve their predictive power, with positive implications for the financially excluded.
Digital Rails: How Providers Can Unlock Innovation in DFS Ecosystems Through ...CGAP
This document explains the concept of “Open APIs” in digital finance services (DFS), how they enable increased innovation, and the role they can play in expanding DFS ecosystems.
Este documento describe la tecnología de computadoras, incluyendo su definición, concepto, características y tipos principales. Explica que una computadora es una máquina electrónica capaz de aceptar datos, procesarlos automáticamente siguiendo un programa almacenado, y proveer resultados. También detalla los diferentes tipos de tecnología como analógica, digital, supercomputadoras y microcomputadoras, así como las características de ser compatible con cualquier hardware y contar con factores económicos importantes como el costo
El documento describe los diferentes tipos de memorias RAM como SIP, SIMM, DIMM, RIMM, DR1 y DR2, pero no proporciona detalles sobre las características de cada uno.
The document summarizes the three fundamental principles according to Imaam Muhammad bin ‘Abdil-Wahhaab as:
1) Belief in the oneness of Allah - that He alone is worthy of worship and none besides Him.
2) Belief that Muhammad is the final messenger of Allah.
3) Belief that one must not take non-Muslims as allies or friends over fellow Muslims.
Digital Cash Transfers and Financial Inclusion in IndiaCGAP
Digital Cash Transfers and Financial Inclusion in India outlines key elements for implementing digital cash transfers in India to achieve greater financial inclusion. It recommends establishing a one stop shop model where individuals can access government payments, financial services, and other functions in one location through digital infrastructure and interoperable backend systems. This would provide efficiencies for the government and more convenient access to services for users. The document also stresses the importance of coordination, developing sustainable business models for agents, and addressing issues like connectivity in rural areas.
Digital credit has grown rapidly over the past 10 years, with over 800 new alternative lending companies established and $9.5 billion invested. Digital credit is defined as loans that are approved instantly through automated and remote processes without human review or a physical visit. In developing markets, mobile network operators play a dominant role in providing digital credit due to their existing customer access points and data sources. Successful digital credit programs can scale rapidly, with examples in Kenya and Tanzania growing to millions of customers within a few years. While primarily used for short-term liquidity needs, digital credit fills an important gap and has the potential to strengthen financial ecosystems and inclusion.
Financial Inclusion: Landscape and ChallengesJohnnyRizq
There are 2.5 billion unbanked adults around the world, mainly in developing economies. Financial inclusion is important because the lack of access to formal financial services limits the ability of poor communities to thrive economically, and also entails greater risks of fraud and theft. This presentation gives an overview of the status of financial inclusion, what it means, and how new technologies such as mobile money services could help give poor people in remote areas better access to reliable financial services.
This document provides a summary of a presentation on digital financial services (DFS) in Ethiopia. The presentation includes:
- An agenda for the dissemination of findings event on DFS in Ethiopia.
- An overview of key elements needed for a DFS ecosystem, including an electronic payments system, cash-in/cash-out networks, and financial institutions adding services.
- A discussion of the experience with DFS globally, including the mixed success of mobile operators and challenges for other players to be relevant without partnerships.
- An assessment of Ethiopia's market readiness for DFS, including opportunities around government commitment but also weaknesses in regulations and banking/telecom infrastructure.
- The large potential need and transaction volumes that could
It is a reader friendly, practical and easy to follow presentation on the challenges that Financial Institutions have to cope with for a healthy and sustainable growth.
Technology In Microfinance June 30 2009Mark Pickens
This document discusses trends in branchless banking and financial inclusion. It provides an overview of branchless banking, how it works, and its benefits for agents, providers, and clients. Examples from Brazil, Kenya, Tanzania, and India are examined, highlighting both successes and challenges. Key areas to address moving forward are identified as regulation, meeting customer needs beyond payments, and developing sustainable agent networks. The document predicts continued growth in branchless banking and mobile money globally by 2020 if these areas can be addressed effectively by governments and the private sector.
The Journey to Customer Centricity in Financial InclusionCGAP
Most microfinance institutions provide a narrowly focused product range, usually only microcredit. Until recently, this was the major focus of Janalakshmi
Financial Services, a microfinance institution in India serving over 2 million customers in urban areas. Janalakshmi built its portfolio around a Grameenstyle group loan product. In 2011, Janalakshmi took the first steps toward customer-centricity, segmenting its customer base and designing the “Jana-One” delivery channel to offer a full range of financial services to the owners of high-growth potential microenterprises, a segment they called “accelerators.” While this move was an innovation for Janalakshmi’s business model, the institutional mechanisms were still set up to deliver credit. Recognizing this tension between the vision and execution, Janalakshmi partnered with CGAP to explore new approaches in understanding its customers and to implement the principles of customer-centricity throughout the operational
structures of the organization. The Janalakshmi journey toward embedded and internalized customer-centricity will span three broad phases (Understanding Customers, Designing Effective Organizational Delivery, and Making the Business Case Work). This brochure shares the learnings from the first phase of work to understand customers. Janalakshmi, CGAP, and Innovation Labs (a Bangalore-based design-innovation consultancy) worked together over six months on this project.
Digital Finance Plus Readiness in Tanzania: SummaryCGAP
The document assesses the readiness for digital finance plus implementation across multiple sectors in Tanzania. It evaluates six dimensions of readiness for each sector: 1) reach and adoption of mobile infrastructure, 2) readiness of financial and digital infrastructure, 3) role of government and regulation, 4) severity of sector challenges, 5) financial gaps, and 6) viability of digital finance plus business models and scaling. For each sector, the document provides a high-level analysis of where constraints exist across these dimensions in implementing digital finance plus solutions.
This document summarizes a survey report on tiered KYC intervention for migrants in Ethiopia. Key findings include:
- 79% of respondents did not have a valid ID, with women disproportionately affected (60% of those without valid ID).
- 85% of respondents did not have a bank account. Lack of valid ID was the main reason, especially for women (100% cited it).
- Common alternative savings methods like equb and trusting friends/relatives carry risks like losing money.
The report recommends conducting a larger survey as baseline data and addressing other constraints to access formal financial services in addition to lack of ID.
This document summarizes research on customer risks in digital finance and proposes solutions to mitigate those risks. It finds that while digital finance now serves over 300 million customers, many experience problems like network downtime, agent liquidity issues, complex interfaces, and fraud. The research identifies 7 key customer risk areas and provides examples of risks reported in various countries. It then proposes 5 priorities for industry to address through solutions like improving network reliability, simplifying interfaces, strengthening agent oversight, combating fraud, and improving complaint resolution. The goal is to increase trust in digital finance and improve the customer experience.
2 billion people globally have no bank account, but 1 billion of them have a mobile phone. Markets for digital financial services are expanding worldwide.
Saldazo, a Visa debit card product co-branded with Banamex bank, has made Mexico’s largest corner store retail chain – OXXO – the country’s number one transactional account supplier. This presentation provides a Mexican market overview and shares key success factors, challenges and insights from this project.
Digital india: Emerging Challenges & Opportunities for the Banking SectorArun Prabhudesai
The presentation given by RBI's Harun R Khan outlines the following:
Digital Revolution: migration from cash to electronic
payments
• New Thrust Areas: mobile banking – BBPS - TReDS
• Security vs Convenience
• Challenges & Opportunities for banks
• Concluding Thoughts
This document discusses the growth of retail finance in India. It notes that retail banking has expanded its scope and become a prominent part of bank balance sheets. Banks now offer a wide range of loan products to retail customers. Housing loans and auto loans have seen particularly strong growth. Overall, retail advances for banks grew 41.2% in 2004-05. Retail finance is seen as having significant potential for further expansion given India's growing middle class and low existing penetration rates. However, regulators have expressed some concerns about the rapid growth rates in certain retail segments like housing.
Why Star Ratings Matter for Financial InclusionCGAP
Using the example of MercadoLibre, this presentation details the ways in which e-commerce sales data--not typically available for credit scoring--can enrich existing scoring models and improve their predictive power, with positive implications for the financially excluded.
Digital Rails: How Providers Can Unlock Innovation in DFS Ecosystems Through ...CGAP
This document explains the concept of “Open APIs” in digital finance services (DFS), how they enable increased innovation, and the role they can play in expanding DFS ecosystems.
Este documento describe la tecnología de computadoras, incluyendo su definición, concepto, características y tipos principales. Explica que una computadora es una máquina electrónica capaz de aceptar datos, procesarlos automáticamente siguiendo un programa almacenado, y proveer resultados. También detalla los diferentes tipos de tecnología como analógica, digital, supercomputadoras y microcomputadoras, así como las características de ser compatible con cualquier hardware y contar con factores económicos importantes como el costo
El documento describe los diferentes tipos de memorias RAM como SIP, SIMM, DIMM, RIMM, DR1 y DR2, pero no proporciona detalles sobre las características de cada uno.
The document summarizes the three fundamental principles according to Imaam Muhammad bin ‘Abdil-Wahhaab as:
1) Belief in the oneness of Allah - that He alone is worthy of worship and none besides Him.
2) Belief that Muhammad is the final messenger of Allah.
3) Belief that one must not take non-Muslims as allies or friends over fellow Muslims.
Dokumen tersebut membahas tentang faktor-faktor yang mendorong lahirnya nasionalisme di Indonesia serta organisasi-organisasi pergerakan nasional Indonesia pada masa awal, masa radikal dan masa moderat. Faktor-faktor tersebut antara lain kisah kejayaan bangsa Indonesia, penderitaan rakyat akibat politik kolonial Belanda, diskriminasi rasial, dan lahirnya golongan terpelajar. Organisasi-organisasi pergerakan nasional yang disebutkan
El documento trata sobre la seguridad e higiene industrial. Explica que la salud incluye el bienestar físico, mental y social, y que la seguridad permite actuar positivamente en el trabajo. Identifica varios riesgos en el lugar de trabajo como ruido, vibraciones, temperaturas extremas y limpieza. También describe la importancia de la higiene industrial para prevenir accidentes y enfermedades laborales mediante el control de agentes, iluminación, ventilación y equipos de protección adecuados.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive function. Exercise causes chemical changes in the brain that may help protect against mental illness and improve symptoms.
The document discusses Employer Assisted Housing (EAH), which is housing assistance provided by employers to their employees. EAH can be designed like other employer benefits such as health insurance or 401k plans. It discusses how EAH benefits both employers and employees, as it helps attract and retain valuable talent. EAH can take different forms such as assistance with down payments, closing costs, or funds to support homeownership. The document promotes an EAH plan through an Employer Consortium and details how employers and organizations can acquire the housing plan.
Hadware o componentes_fisicos_de_un_ordenador_cocoanton
Este documento describe los principales componentes hardware de un ordenador, incluyendo la CPU o microprocesador, periféricos como el teclado, ratón, monitor, impresora, scanner y módem, y dispositivos de almacenamiento como el CD-ROM y el DVD. Explica brevemente las funciones de cada uno y cómo han evolucionado con el tiempo.
Fall 2014 3700 working with media advisory and pitch letterDanFarkasOUClasses
This document provides guidance on working with media through various techniques like pitch letters, media advisories, interviews, news conferences, and other ideas. It outlines the key features of national media databases, editorial calendars, and tip sheets used to identify media contacts. The document also shares best practices for successful media relations like knowing your media, localizing your message, being available and responsive, and maintaining honest and fair interactions while respecting deadlines.
La misión de la empresa es ofrecer buenos productos para satisfacer a los clientes y construir lealtad a largo plazo. Su visión es mejorar continuamente los productos, expandirse globalmente y aumentar el conocimiento de sus ofertas. Los objetivos general y específico son brindar un excelente servicio al cliente y tratarlo como parte de la familia de la empresa, y también apoyar y atender a los trabajadores para obtener una alta productividad.
The document discusses new challenges facing U.S. national security organizations that require new IT solutions, such as a flood of information from various sources and emerging cyber threats. It introduces SAP NS2 as a new alternative that can provide integrated intelligence platforms, actionable insights, and mobility solutions from its suite of enterprise applications, analytics, database management, and consulting services. SAP NS2 claims to offer specialized security and support to meet the unique mission needs of national security customers.
The document discusses the benefits of exercise for mental health. Regular physical activity can help reduce anxiety and depression and improve mood and cognitive functioning. Exercise boosts blood flow, releases endorphins, and promotes changes in the brain which help enhance one's emotional well-being and mental clarity.
The document summarizes Bayfield Ventures Corp's exploration for gold in the Rainy River District of Ontario. Bayfield owns 100% of three properties located near New Gold's multi-million ounce gold deposit. Bayfield is conducting a 100,000 meter drilling program to test for extensions of New Gold's deposits onto Bayfield's properties. Recent drilling has successfully delineated extensions of New Gold's deposits and discovered a new high-grade gold-silver zone on the eastern part of Bayfield's Burns Block property. Assay results have shown the potential for expanding resources.
This document appears to be a catalog from a company called DIPROTEX that has been innovating in technology since 1968. It showcases their various construction and stone tools, including segmented blades, sintered blades, core bits, cup wheels, trimming blades, large diameter blades, concave blades, grinding wheels, and diamond wire. The catalog separates these products into the sections of construction tools and stone tools.
BC Fund reported its 2012 results with several highlights:
- Lease revenue increased 23.7% to R$200.3 million while maintaining a low vacancy rate.
- FFO and adjusted FFO increased 29.6% and 27.4% respectively.
- Net income was R$347.7 million while excluding fair value effects it was R$121.9 million, up 61.2%.
- The portfolio grew to 263,646 m2 with acquisitions adding 73,596 m2 and an average rental rate of R$73.5/m2.
Spanish narrated share orientation presentation 2014Upper Valley MEND
El documento describe el programa SHARE Community Land Trust (CLT) de Upper Valley MEND, el cual mantiene casas de precio módico por múltiples generaciones. SHARE CLT es un fideicomiso de tierras comunitarias sin fines de lucro que retiene la tierra en fideicomiso para garantizar la disponibilidad a largo plazo de viviendas económicas. El programa ha proporcionado a más de 20 familias la oportunidad de tener su propia casa a través de dos sectores existentes, con un tercero en desarrollo.
10 Things I wish I knew when I did my portfolioDesign Partners
The document provides advice for creating an effective portfolio. It outlines minimum requirements including graphic sensibility, professional quality, clear context and storytelling, sketching, modelmaking and prototyping, and attention to detail. It then discusses adding extra elements like focusing on the work rather than formatting, showing passion and enthusiasm, and unexpected "magic" that makes reviewers take notice. The overall message is that portfolios need to meet basic standards while also standing out through unexpected creativity.
This document discusses financial inclusion in the Middle East and Saudi Arabia. It defines financial inclusion as access to affordable and usable financial services. The importance of financial inclusion is discussed, including its role in job creation, poverty alleviation, and boosting incomes. While financial inclusion can help the poor and small businesses, the literature suggests governments in the Middle East are not doing enough to increase uptake of financial services through education campaigns. The document will examine prevalence of banking, loans, and mobile banking in Saudi Arabia in 2017.
First, the document introduces the $380 billion opportunity for banks in developing economies to profitably serve underbanked individuals and micro-enterprises through financial inclusion. Second, it describes how digital technology and economic growth are enabling new forms of accessible and low-cost financial services, while competitors are also moving to capture this market. Third, the document outlines six key insights from a study of 30 banks on developing strategies and capabilities for financial inclusion, such as starting with payments and savings, using savings groups, and balancing physical and digital channels.
The Singapore FinTech Consortium - Introduction to Financial Inclusion in Sou...FinTech Consortium
In recent years FinTech, has grown tremendously and is making its presence felt across the globe. The Singapore FinTech Consortium presents our slide deck: Introduction to Financial Inclusion in Southeast Asia to give you a preview of our research in the Southeast Asian landscape.
If you are keen to learn about P2P Lending, please view our slide deck at:
http://www.slideshare.net/SGFinTech/singapore-fin-tech-consortium-intro-to-p2p-lending
If you would like to receive a pdf copy of any of our slide decks, please drop us an email at info@singaporefintech.com and we'll be happy to oblige. For more information about us and our service offerings, please visit our company website at www.singaporefintech.com.
ACCELERATING FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA WITH DIGITAL FINANCE by ADBHiếu T. D. Võ
This document discusses how digital finance can accelerate financial inclusion in Southeast Asia. It finds that digital solutions could address 40% of unmet demand for payments and 20% of unmet credit needs. Regulatory and policy actions are needed to enable digital finance by creating an open environment for new players, allowing testing of solutions, and establishing a unified vision for financial inclusion. Digital finance could boost GDP by 2-3% in Indonesia and the Philippines and 6% in Cambodia by increasing access to financial services for underserved populations.
ACCELERATING FINANCIAL INCLUSION IN SOUTH-EAST ASIA WITH DIGITAL FINANCE by ADBHiếu T. D. Võ
This document analyzes how digital finance can accelerate financial inclusion in Southeast Asia, focusing on Indonesia, the Philippines, Cambodia, and Myanmar. It finds that digital solutions could address 40% of unmet demand for payments and 20% of unmet credit needs. While digital finance alone cannot close all inclusion gaps, the analysis estimates it could boost GDP by 2-3% in Indonesia and the Philippines and 6% in Cambodia by increasing access to financial services. For success, regulatory support is needed to address supply-side barriers and encourage suitable digital product design and delivery models.
This document discusses Nigeria's efforts to promote financial inclusion through digital financial services and a cashless economy. It notes that Nigeria launched a National Financial Inclusion Strategy in 2012 aiming to reduce financial exclusion from 46% to 20% by 2020 through regulatory reforms and programs. While some progress has been made, more work is needed as targets for access points like bank branches and ATMs have not yet been met. Developing a strong national identification system is seen as critical to tracking financial inclusion metrics and achieving targets.
"Perspectives and opportunities in the Peruvian financial sector"EY Perú
Artículo publicado por Jorge Acosta, Socio Líder de Consultoría de EY Perú, en el "Global Banking & Financial Policy Review 2015/2016" del IFLR (International Financial Law Review)
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1. 136 CFI.co | Capital Finance International
he aspiration of universal financial
inclusion is increasingly prominent on the
global economic agenda in recognition of
its importance. More than fifty countries
have set national targets to expand
financial inclusion. Innovative models to extend
financial access have generated a buzz around
transformational business models. Examples
of these models include China’s Alibaba which
focuses on SME finance and is based on ‘big
data’ and supply-chain relationships; and,
M-Pesa and Equity Bank in Kenya. The former
processes payments through mobile phones
while the latter welcomes low-income clients
through alternative delivery mechanisms.
Financial inclusion provided two of the proposed
indicators in the UN High Level Panel’s report for
post-2015 development goals.
World Bank Group President Jim Yong Kim
has laid down a marker in terms of vision,
stating that universal financial access should
be achievable by 2020. At the World Bank-IMF
Annual Meetings this year, he made the case
that “universal access to financial services is
within reach – thanks to new technologies, the
use of ‘big data’ transformative business models
and ambitious reforms.” He noted that “as early
as 2020, such instruments as mobile wallets
and other e-money accounts, along with debit
cards and low-cost regular bank accounts can
significantly increase financial access for those
who are now excluded.”
PAYMENTS AS A FIRST POINT OF ACCESS
The initial point of entry to financial access for
many low-income households is the receipt of
wages, benefits or remittances as an electronic
payment credited to a card (which may or may
not be linked to a bank account), mobile wallet
or any other form of e-money account, or to a
regular bank account.
The growth of electronic payment products
– which can be used through the expanding
networks of relatively low-cost access points
such as ATMs, point of sale terminals, non-bank
correspondent agents and mobile phones
– is therefore significantly expanding financial
access. World Bank data show that these
transaction instruments are generally growing
faster than deposit accounts at commercial
banks. In those countries home to the vast
majority of the unbanked, payment cards are
growing every year at more than twice the rate as
regular bank accounts do.
BANK ACCOUNTS AS A GATEWAY TO FINANCIAL
INCLUSION
The ultimate goal is to achieve full financial
inclusion – in other words, the ability of all adults
and firms to access and use a range of financial
products and services that fits their particular
needs. To achieve financial inclusion, improving
access to financial services is only the first step.
An important next step toward financial inclusion
is a savings or checking account at a regulated
financial institution, such as a bank or credit
union. This can open up access to savings
(which evidence shows is directly linked to
poverty reduction), credit, and insurance (to
buffer the poor against the risks of sickness and
catastrophic events) – thus reaching far beyond
transactions and payments processing only.
The commitments to ambitious reforms made
by more than fifty countries to expand financial
inclusion can accelerate the expansion of access
to such regulated accounts. Barriers that limit the
power of investment, technology and innovation
to reach the unbanked with financial services
can thus be dismantled.
Government actions – such as shifting
government-to-person (G2P) payments from
cash to electronic methods and depositing these
payments directly into accounts – can help kick
start the design and rollout of new business
models and products. For example, India is
in the process of building an entire platform
for payments around its new biometric-based
national identity program. This promises to
offer huge cost savings and allows for shifting
payments to electronic transfers directly into
accounts.
Bank accounts with lower entry requirements,
fewer fees and a streamlined product offering
can enable many more low-income individuals
to open and benefit from regulated deposits, as
well as payments and transaction services, and
potentially also credit and insurance. Countries
such as Brazil, South Africa and the United
Kingdom have introduced such accounts in order
to open up access to the unbanked. Many other
countries are now following suit.
THE ECONOMICS OF ACCOUNTS FOR LOW-INCOME
CONSUMERS
Data is increasingly available to assess the
business case for serving low-income households
and microenterprises, and to develop accounts
and other financial products for that un-served,
or under-served, demographic. This includes
information on price and fee sensitivity, available
cash flows, and the relative viability of delivery
models. Such data has been developed by the
World Bank, the World Savings Bank Institute
World Bank Group:
Financial Inclusion -
Banking on Low-Income Households
Financial exclusion restricts economic opportunity and constrains poverty
reduction. Yet today there are an estimated 2.5 billion adult people worldwide who
go about their lives without any formal financial services such as bank accounts.
According to the World Bank’s Global Findex Survey, almost 80 percent of those
living on incomes of less than $2 per day are financially excluded. Low-income
households and women are disproportionately affected, which further holds back
poverty reduction and ultimately limits economic growth.
>
T
By Douglas Pearce
“Innovative models to
extend financial access
have generated a buzz
around transformational
business models.”
2. Winter 2013 - 2014 Issue
CFI.co | Capital Finance International 137
(WSBI), the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation
and others.
The WSBI’s Doubling Savings Accounts
Programme, funded by the Bill & Melinda Gates
Foundation, has supported low-income account
pilots through savings and postal banks in ten
countries since 2009. The findings from these
ongoing pilots offer valuable insights into the
economics of low-income bank accounts. The
pilots have demonstrated that making the
products work for banks may be as important as
designing products that appeal to the unbanked
and low-income target groups. The three main
lessons learned are:
1. Traditional bank branches will not reach
the majority of the unbanked, and alternative
financial service access points are needed.
While a full branch needs a minimum market
size of 9,000 clients, the minimum viable
number of clients for an agent (such as a retail
store) is only 700, while for an ATM kiosk it is
2,000. For a mini branch the figure is 4,000.
In some countries like Tanzania or Indonesia,
locations that can support a full branch or a bank
agency would only reach a quarter of the whole
population. Banks therefore need to partner
with outlets that can extend their reach, such as
mobile money operators.
2. Simplified or basic bank accounts with
clear and affordable pricing can spur adoption.
Simplified product design, proportional know-your-
customer requirements and clear marketing
messages can all induce greater client take-up.
Banks should also look to price their services at
a level that is affordable in order to develop a
future customer base. In the ten pilot countries
studied, the amounts that customers spend on
fees can equal a full day’s cost of living. Banks
should therefore target about 60 cents per month
in least-developed countries and a dollar a month
in middle-income countries, for customers to
conduct two or three transactions per month.
3. Services provided should be sustainable for
the bank. WSBI argues that sustainability should
be possible, although challenging, even at the
sub-$25 monthly balance level typical of the
poor. The key is to charge a monthly fee that
can be paid out of the household budget, and
to provide service at sufficient scale in order to
cover overhead. A significant increase in the
customer base is therefore critical to success.
WHAT IS NEEDED TO BRING THE PRIVATE SECTOR
FULLY ON BOARD?
If banks and other financial institutions see
financial inclusion reforms and other public-sector
actions as out of step with their market
realities – or if they view targets and strategies
as a top-down imposition to be avoided or
managed – then the potential impact of these
actions will be watered down. Serving low-income
households profitably is challenging, as
the WSBI pilots illustrate.
Well-intended initiatives by policymakers
often fall short of achieving their potentially
transformational impact. For example,
introducing basic – i.e. simplified and accessible
– bank accounts, or opening new accounts for
recipients of benefits, has in many cases not yet
had the intended boost to financial inclusion.
Many of those accounts remain under-used. Only
about one in five (22 percent) of accounts in low-and
middle-income countries are used frequently
(more than three times a month for withdrawals),
compared to 72 percent of accounts in high-income
countries, according to the Global Findex
Survey.
To address this challenge of dormancy or under-use
of accounts, account-related costs need to
be made affordable, financial awareness levels
may need to increase, and access to accounts
needs to be made as convenient as possible,
as the WSBI pilots also indicate. Low levels of
usage and limited uptake by consumers can
be linked to financial institutions often not
viewing new, lower-income consumers as an
attractive business proposition, and therefore
not developing sufficiently attractive and tailored
products for them. Low uptake may also be due
to account-design parameters being too strict
and inflexible, if regulators have intervened to
set or control those parameters.
Financial-service providers such as banks, credit
unions and (where permitted) telecom companies
therefore need to be engaged in informing and
taking shared ownership of financial inclusion
targets and strategic priorities. The momentum
in many emerging markets to quickly draft and
launch financial inclusion strategies with top-down
targets may need to be adjusted, and
processes may even need to be re-started, if the
prize for doing so is private sector buy-in and a
better likelihood that targets will be achieved and
surpassed.
Achieving the right balance between the private
sector participation in setting financial inclusion
targets and prioritizing reform measures – while
ensuring that financial-service providers truly
rethink business models and financial products to
fit low-income households and microenterprises
– will be central to the achievement of the targets
set. Similarly, regulators and policymakers need to
balance financial inclusion targets with stability,
competition, integrity and market-conduct
priorities, to ensure that financial inclusion is
fully beneficial to the economy, to the financial
sector, and to low-income households. i
[References in online version at cfi.co]
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
Douglas Pearce is the manager of the Financial
Inclusion & Infrastructure Practice at the World
Bank. He previously served at DFID, the United
Kingdom’s development agency, as the leader
of the financial sector team and deputy head of
the Growth and Investment Group. Here he also
chaired the Steering Committee of the Financial
Reform and Strengthening Initiative (FIRST).
Prior to that, Mr Pearce served as a senior
financial sector specialist at the Consultative
Group to Assist the Poor (CGAP), and set up
and managed a microfinance institution, among
other roles. Sarah Fathallah and Christopher
Colford, both of the World Bank, contributed to
this article.
IBRD 40406
SEPTEMBER 2013
80 – 100
60 – 80
40 – 60
20 – 40
0 – 20
NO DATA
Map 1: Adults with an Account at a Formal Financial Institution. Source: Global Financial Inclusion Database, World Bank.