Watershed Science - The Upper Grand River, by David P. Lusch, PhD, GISP of Remote Sensing & GIS Research and Outreach Services (RS&GIS), Michigan State University. Presented as part of a Watershed Management Short Course, March 2007.
Ronald T. Green, Ph.D., P.G., F. Paul Bertetti, P.G.,
and Nathanial Toll Geosciences and Engineering Division Southwest Research Institute® Presented on behalf of the Irrigation Panel - TWCA Annual Convention 2015
The Effect of Declination on The Tide Pattern in Hydroghraphic SurveyingNzar Braim
The Effect of Declination on The Tide Pattern in Hydroghraphic Surveying.
I was discussed about the tide and what's meaning of tide
and I explained it with simple figure
This Savannah River Basin Drought Management Plan (SRBDMP) describes the Savannah River Basin reservoir management procedures to be followed as hydrologic conditions in the basin transition into drought. This document consolidates the initial 1989 Savannah River Basin Drought Contingency Plan and all subsequent updates into a single plan. The SRBDMP attempts to balance the negative impacts of the drought on the congressionally-authorized project purposes. We recognize the competing interests among project purposes—fish and wildlife management, hydropower, navigation, recreation, water quality and water supply—and the possibility that they may not be fully satisfied. This is a dynamic plan, subject to change as warranted by additional information.
Ronald T. Green, Ph.D., P.G., F. Paul Bertetti, P.G.,
and Nathanial Toll Geosciences and Engineering Division Southwest Research Institute® Presented on behalf of the Irrigation Panel - TWCA Annual Convention 2015
The Effect of Declination on The Tide Pattern in Hydroghraphic SurveyingNzar Braim
The Effect of Declination on The Tide Pattern in Hydroghraphic Surveying.
I was discussed about the tide and what's meaning of tide
and I explained it with simple figure
This Savannah River Basin Drought Management Plan (SRBDMP) describes the Savannah River Basin reservoir management procedures to be followed as hydrologic conditions in the basin transition into drought. This document consolidates the initial 1989 Savannah River Basin Drought Contingency Plan and all subsequent updates into a single plan. The SRBDMP attempts to balance the negative impacts of the drought on the congressionally-authorized project purposes. We recognize the competing interests among project purposes—fish and wildlife management, hydropower, navigation, recreation, water quality and water supply—and the possibility that they may not be fully satisfied. This is a dynamic plan, subject to change as warranted by additional information.
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This presentation made 9/14 at the UC Davis REACH IGERT Floodplains workshop, by Jaime Ashander, Kelly Gravuer, Megan Kelso, Mary E. Mendoza, Noam Ross
A REVIEW ON RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION STUDIES USING SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING TE...ijiert bestjournal
Sedimentation in the reservoir gradually reduces it s storage capacity. By keeping a check on the sedimentation and by providing control measures for the same,the reservoir life can be maintained. Uj jani dam was constructed for irrigation,water supply an d power generation schemes. It lies in Solapur dist rict which is a drought prone area. This makes Ujjani a socially and economically significant project for t he state. In the present study,reservoir sedimentatio n for Ujjani reservoir is assessed for monitoring p urpose. Two techniques namely Satellite Remote Sensing Tech nique (SRST) and mathematical modeling using HEC RAS,were used in the study for estimating sedi mentation. Owing to advantages like low cost,time saving,less manpower requirement,accuracy in esti mation and capability of carrying out past surveys,the Satellite Remote Sensing Technique is gaining impor tance over the time consuming and high cost conventional hydrographic surveys. The water spread areas for different reservoir levels were delineat ed from the satellite images of Ujjain Reservoir using ARC GIS software. Volume between two water levels was calculated using prismoidul formula. The presen t volume of reservoir was compared with the initial volume during impoundment of reservoir. This gave t he loss of volume which was due to sedimentation.
A presentation about managing nitrogen from cranberry bogs in the Buzzards Bay watershed, Massachusetts. Presented by Rachel Jakuba, Science Director for the Buzzards Bay Coalition, during the Buzzards Bay Coalition's 2013 Decision Makers Workshop series. Learn more at www.savebuzzardsbay.org/DecisionMakers
Modifying River-Floodplain Systems: A Historical and Ecological PerspectiveNoam Ross
This presentation made 9/14 at the UC Davis REACH IGERT Floodplains workshop, by Jaime Ashander, Kelly Gravuer, Megan Kelso, Mary E. Mendoza, Noam Ross
A REVIEW ON RESERVOIR SEDIMENTATION STUDIES USING SATELLITE REMOTE SENSING TE...ijiert bestjournal
Sedimentation in the reservoir gradually reduces it s storage capacity. By keeping a check on the sedimentation and by providing control measures for the same,the reservoir life can be maintained. Uj jani dam was constructed for irrigation,water supply an d power generation schemes. It lies in Solapur dist rict which is a drought prone area. This makes Ujjani a socially and economically significant project for t he state. In the present study,reservoir sedimentatio n for Ujjani reservoir is assessed for monitoring p urpose. Two techniques namely Satellite Remote Sensing Tech nique (SRST) and mathematical modeling using HEC RAS,were used in the study for estimating sedi mentation. Owing to advantages like low cost,time saving,less manpower requirement,accuracy in esti mation and capability of carrying out past surveys,the Satellite Remote Sensing Technique is gaining impor tance over the time consuming and high cost conventional hydrographic surveys. The water spread areas for different reservoir levels were delineat ed from the satellite images of Ujjain Reservoir using ARC GIS software. Volume between two water levels was calculated using prismoidul formula. The presen t volume of reservoir was compared with the initial volume during impoundment of reservoir. This gave t he loss of volume which was due to sedimentation.
A presentation about managing nitrogen from cranberry bogs in the Buzzards Bay watershed, Massachusetts. Presented by Rachel Jakuba, Science Director for the Buzzards Bay Coalition, during the Buzzards Bay Coalition's 2013 Decision Makers Workshop series. Learn more at www.savebuzzardsbay.org/DecisionMakers
For a new better version of this tutorial see my Google Slides with embedded videos.
https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1MftEOT3uvYpCVwUaLMhsesm5Que-Kr7GQRV4pKZ2SNQ/edit?usp=sharing
This is a 2016 tutorial on how to do watershed delineation using ArcMap 10. It is an open education resource. Please let me know if you find it useful or see something that could be improved. Feel free to use it for teaching Geographic Information Science.
Agriculture helps to meet the basic needs of human and their civilization by providing food, clothing,
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Bob Boule
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However, this ease of use means that the subject of security in Kubernetes is often left for later, or even neglected. This exposes companies to significant risks.
In this talk, I'll show you step-by-step how to secure your Kubernetes cluster for greater peace of mind and reliability.
Transcript: Selling digital books in 2024: Insights from industry leaders - T...BookNet Canada
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Link to video recording: https://bnctechforum.ca/sessions/selling-digital-books-in-2024-insights-from-industry-leaders/
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Keynote at DIGIT West Expo, Glasgow on 29 May 2024.
Cheryl Hung, ochery.com
Sr Director, Infrastructure Ecosystem, Arm.
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https://alandix.com/academic/papers/synergy2024-epistemic/
As machine learning integrates deeper into human-computer interactions, the concept of epistemic interaction emerges, aiming to refine these interactions to enhance system adaptability. This approach encourages minor, intentional adjustments in user behaviour to enrich the data available for system learning. This paper introduces epistemic interaction within the context of human-system communication, illustrating how deliberate interaction design can improve system understanding and adaptation. Through concrete examples, we demonstrate the potential of epistemic interaction to significantly advance human-computer interaction by leveraging intuitive human communication strategies to inform system design and functionality, offering a novel pathway for enriching user-system engagements.
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Here is something new! In our next Connector Corner webinar, we will demonstrate how you can use a single workflow to:
Create a campaign using Mailchimp with merge tags/fields
Send an interactive Slack channel message (using buttons)
Have the message received by managers and peers along with a test email for review
But there’s more:
In a second workflow supporting the same use case, you’ll see:
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If the “Approve” button is clicked, a Jira/Zendesk ticket is created for the marketing design team
But—if the “Reject” button is pushed, colleagues will be alerted via Slack message
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Speakers:
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Charlie Greenberg, Host
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💥 Speed, accuracy, and scaling – discover the superpowers of GenAI in action with UiPath Document Understanding and Communications Mining™:
See how to accelerate model training and optimize model performance with active learning
Learn about the latest enhancements to out-of-the-box document processing – with little to no training required
Get an exclusive demo of the new family of UiPath LLMs – GenAI models specialized for processing different types of documents and messages
This is a hands-on session specifically designed for automation developers and AI enthusiasts seeking to enhance their knowledge in leveraging the latest intelligent document processing capabilities offered by UiPath.
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👩🏫 Lenka Dulovicova, Product Program Manager, UiPath
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Welcome to UiPath Test Automation using UiPath Test Suite series part 4. In this session, we will cover Test Manager overview along with SAP heatmap.
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4. Demo
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Orchestrator execution result
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SAP heatmap example with demo
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From Siloed Products to Connected Ecosystem: Building a Sustainable and Scala...
Watershed Science - The Upper Grand River
1. WATERSHED SCIENCE
• David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP
Senior Research Specialist
• Michigan State University
Remote Sensing & GIS, GEOGRAPHY
Institute of Water Research
• http://www.rsgis.msu.edu/datadocs.htm
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 1/ 78
2. Watersheds
• A watershed is a geographic area in
which water (surface runoff, lakes and
streams) drains to a common outlet.
Because of the integrated nature of natural
drainage systems (i.e., smaller tributaries
joining to form larger streams), watersheds
form a nested hierarchy of areas (i.e.,
smaller watersheds subdivide larger
watersheds).
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 2/ 78
3. Watersheds
• The watershed of any hydrographic
feature (lake, stream or wetland) is the
surface area that contributes overland
flow (runoff) to the feature.
In most landscapes, the surface watershed
corresponds with the subsurface watershed
which contributes interflow and
groundwater discharge.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 3/ 78
6. Watersheds
Grand River watershed within
the Lake Michigan watershed
The Upper Grand River
watershed extends farther east
than any other component
of the Lake Michigan watershed
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 6/ 78
7. Watersheds Grand River watershed
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 7/ 78
8. Watersheds Grand River watershed
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 8/ 78
9. Watersheds Topographic Elevation
640 ft
830 ft
1140 ft
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 9/ 78
10. Watersheds Bedrock Surface Elevation
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 10/ 78
11. Grand River headwaters
Watersheds
Sections 19 & 20,
Sections 19 & 20,
Sumerset Twp, Hillsdale County
Sumerset Twp, Hillsdale County
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 11/ 78
12. Grand River headwaters
Watersheds (downvalley view)
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 12/ 78
13. Grand River headwaters
Watersheds (downvalley view)
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 13/ 78
14. Grand River headwaters
Watersheds
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 14/ 78
15. Grand River headwaters
Watersheds
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 15/ 78
16. Watersheds Grand River – SW Ingham Co.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 16/ 78
17. Watersheds Grand River – SW Clinton Co.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 17/ 78
18. Watersheds Mouth of the Upper Grand River
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 18/ 78
19. Watersheds
• To appreciate the diverse valley forms
of the Grand River and to explain why it
winds across southcentral Michigan
with several large meander bends, we
need a quick review of the recent earth
history of the area.
Let’s pick up the story as the last ice age
14
comes to a close, about 15,500 C yrs
ago.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 19/ 78
20. 14
15,500 C years ago
Watersheds
l W isiso onsin
c nsin
c
W estsCCentral W
entra
W e t
oo
Ca
az
lh
ou
m
n
la
Ka
h
ep
J os Branch
Cass S t.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 20/ 78
21. 14
14,800 C years ago
Watersheds
in
in
is onns
t tral Wiscco s
eenral W
W st tC n
W eesC
oo
az
Calhoun Jackson
m
la
Ka
ph
Cass se Branch
. Jo
St
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 21/ 78
23. 14
14,700 C years ago
Watersheds
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 23/ 78
24. SE Michigan Interlobate Crease
Watersheds
14
Ice margin 14,700 C 14 years ago
Ice margin 14,700 C years ago
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 24/ 78
25. SE Michigan Interlobate Zone
Watersheds
14
Ice margin 14,700 C 14 years ago
Ice margin 14,700 C years ago
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 25/ 78
26. 14
Interlobate drainage 14,700 C years ago
Watersheds
Early
Kalamazoo R.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 26/ 78
27. 14
Interlobate drainage 14,500 C years ago
Watersheds
Major headwaters of the
Major headwaters of the
Jackson Co. reach of the
Jackson Co. reach of the
Grand R. is the
Grand R. is the
Portage River
Portage River
Early
Kalamazoo R.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 27/ 78
28. 14
Interlobate drainage 14,400 C years ago
Watersheds
Early
Huron R.
Major headwaters of the
Major headwaters of the
Jackson Co. reach of the
Jackson Co. reach of the
Early Grand R. is the
Grand R. is the
Portage River
Portage River
Kalamazoo R.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 28/ 78
29. 14
Interlobate drainage 14,400 C years ago
Watersheds
Early
Huron R.
Ann Arbor – Pinkney
Ann Arbor – Pinkney
segment of the Huron R.
segment of the Huron R.
Early is flowing opposite of its
is flowing opposite of its
modern course
modern course
Kalamazoo R.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 29/ 78
30. 14
Interlobate drainage 14,300 C years ago
Watersheds
Early Red
Cedar R.
Early
Huron R.
Ann Arbor – Pinkney
Ann Arbor – Pinkney
segment of the Huron R.
segment of the Huron R.
Early is now flowing toward
is now flowing toward
Ann Arbor, as it does today
Ann Arbor, as it does today
Kalamazoo R.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 30/ 78
31. 14
Interlobate drainage 14,300 C years ago
Watersheds
Early Red
Cedar R.
Early
Huron R.
Early
At Ann Arbor, this stage of
At Ann Arbor, this stage of
Kalamazoo R. the Huron R. flows SW
the Huron R. flows SW
along the ice margin, spilling
along the ice margin, spilling
into Glacial Lake Maumee
into Glacial Lake Maumee
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 31/ 78
32. 14
Interlobate drainage 13,850 C years ago
Watersheds
The major flow is along
The major flow is along
the ice margin from
the ice margin from
the Flint area
the Flint area
Early
Thornapple R.
Early The Upper Grand R.
The Upper Grand R.
flows as it does today
flows as it does today
Kalamazoo R.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 32/ 78
33. 14
Interlobate drainage 13,850 C years ago
Watersheds
The Looking Glass and
The Looking Glass and
Red Cedar rivers flow
Red Cedar rivers flow
as they do today
as they do today
Early
Thornapple R.
The Huron R.
The Huron R.
flows as it does
flows as it does
today past
today past
Early Ann Arbor
Ann Arbor
Kalamazoo R.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 33/ 78
34. Hydrologic Cycle
• Precipitation
• Evapotranspiration
• Surface depression storage
• Runoff
• Infiltration (recharge)
• Groundwater storage and flow
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 34/ 78
36. Hydrologic Cycle
• Infiltration
Infiltration capacity
decreases with the
duration of the storm
Runoff ONLY
occurs when rainfall
intensity exceeds the
infiltration capacity
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 36/ 78
38. Hydrologic Cycle
• Precipitation: 32”– 34”
• Evapotranspiration: 20” 26”
• Runoff: 3”
• Recharge (Infiltration): 5” – 9”
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 38/ 78
39. Hydrologic Cycle
Annual Precipitation
33”
30”
33”
In southern Lower
Michigan, annual 33”
precipitation declines
along a NEtrending 36”
gradient.
39”
36”
39”
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 39/ 78
40. Recharge to the
Hydrologic Cycle watertable aquifer
http://gwmap.rsgis.msu.edu/
No recharge estimates due to lack of data
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 40/ 78
41. Recharge to the
Hydrologic Cycle watertable aquifer
http://gwmap.rsgis.msu.edu/
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 41/ 78
42. Hydrologic Cycle Baseflow
• The baseflow of a river is the amount
of groundwater discharged from an
aquifer into the watercourse.
− This discharge occurs yearround, but fluctuates
seasonally depending on the level of the water in
the aquifer.
− The baseflow of a river is supplemented by direct
runoff during and immediately after precipitation
or snowmelt events.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 42/ 78
43. Hydrologic Cycle Baseflow
cfs = cubic feet per second
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 43/ 78
44. Hydrologic Cycle Baseflow
Grand R. @ Goose lake 1.2 cfs
Grand R. @ Grand Lake 12 cfs
Grand R. @ Vandercook Lake 43 cfs
Grand R. @ Jackson 116 cfs
Grand R. @ (below Portage R.) 249 cfs
Grand R. @ Eaton Rapids 435 cfs
Grand R. @ Lansing (above Red Cedar R.) 496 cfs
Grand R. @ Lansing (below Red Cedar R.) 763 cfs
Grand R. @ Grand Ledge 800 cfs
Grand R. @ Portland (above Looking Glass R.) 866 cfs
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 44/ 78
45. Sources of Water in Streams
• Overland Flow
• Interflow
• Baseflow (groundwater discharge)
• Direct precipitation in channel
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 45/ 78
46. Sources of Water in Streams
Precipitation ET Overland Flow
(runoff)
Soil Moisture
Water table
Infiltration
Groundwater
Interflow
Groundwater
flow
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 46/ 78
47. Channel Flow
• Perennial, Intermittent & Ephemeral
Streams
Wet season
water table
Ephemeral
Intermittent
Perennial
Dry season
water table
Ephemeral stream
Intermittent stream
Perennial stream
Ephemeral flow zone
Intermittent flow zone
Perennial flow zone
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 47/ 78
48. Channel Flow
Ephemeral
Streams
Perennial
Stream
Intermittent
Stream
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 48/ 78
49. Stream Hydrographs
• Stream discharge (volume/time) at a
single location as a function of time
• Annual Hydrograph
note baseflow recession
• Storm Hydrograph
Lag time
Peak discharge
Rising/Falling limb; Recession
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 49/ 78
54. Influence of Development
• Produces greater volume of runoff
-increases the coefficient of runoff
-decreases infiltration
(limiting groundwater recharge)
• Increases delivery rate of runoff
increases the drainage density
faster channel flow in ditches and
storm sewers (compared to natural
channels)
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 54/ 78
56. Influence of Development
• Polluted runoff is now widely recognized
by environmental scientists and
regulators as the single largest threat to
water quality in the United States (non
point source pollution).
• Urban stormwater management is a
critical component of watershed
management.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 56/ 78
57. Influence of Development
> 25%
12% 15%
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
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59. Influence of Development
From: Wyckoff, Manning, Olsson & Riggs. 2003. How Much Development is Too Much?
Huron River Watershed Council. Ann Arbor, Michigan, 71p.
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
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61. Influence of Development
The Guidebook may be
downloaded from:
http://www.hrwc.org/text/
research.htm#imp
Copies of a CDROM of
appendices (sample
ordinances and Master
Plan language) are
available from the
HRWC. Shipping and
handling charges
apply. Contact HRWC
at 734 / 7695123 for
details.
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62. Influence of Development
http://nemo.uconn.edu
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63. Channel Pattern
• Meandering
• Length of straightchannel reaches
rarely exceed 10 times channel width
e.g., for a 40 ft.wide stream, straight
reaches will usually be less than 400 ft.
long.
• Thalweg
-line of maximum depth & velocity
-as the thalweg becomes sinuous, a
PoolRiffle sequence develops
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
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64. Channel Pattern
• Thalweg – “the fastflow tube”
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RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 64/ 78
65. Pool and Riffle Sequence
Pool
Bar Bar
Riffle
Bar
Bar
Pool
Thalweg
Thalweg
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 65/ 78
66. Pool and Riffle Sequence
• Pools
Deeper water
Finetextured bed sediments
Low watersurface slope
At apex of thalweg curvature
Scoured at high discharges
Pool to pool spacing is 5 7 times
the channel width
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67. Pool and Riffle Sequence
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 67/ 78
68. Pool and Riffle Sequence
• Riffles
Shallower water
Coarsetextured bed sediments
Higher watersurface slope
At inflection point of sinuous thalweg
Scoured at low flows
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
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69. Pool and Riffle Sequence
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70. Flow Components in Meanders
• Superelevation of water on outside
of meander
• Velocity increases toward outside
of meander
• Increased shear stress on bed at
outside of meander due to increased
depth
• Helical flow pattern (down at outside;
up at inside of meander)
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 70/ 78
71. Flow Components in Meanders
Helical flow pattern (Thalweg)
(down at outside;
up at inside of meander)
Superelevation of water
on outside of meander
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 71/ 78
72. Stream Sediment Movement
• Function of
sediment particle size
stream bed velocity
• Graphically depicted by the
Hjulstrom diagram
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 72/ 78
73. Stream Sediment Movement
Clay Silt Sand Gravel
vfs fs ms cs vcs granule pebble
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 73/ 78
74. Stream Sediment Movement
USGS Field Measurements – Grand River at Jackson, MI
Velocity (cm/sec)
Mean 36.8
Median 36.1
Mode 36.3 +/ s = 23.1 – 50.5 cm/sec
68.2 % of the time
Stnd. Deviation 13.7
Range 65.5
Minimum 11.6
Maximum 77.1
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 74/ 78
75. Stream Sediment Movement
50.5
36.8
23.1
Clay Silt Sand Gravel
vfs fs ms cs vcs granule pebble
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
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76. Floodplains
Floodplain Floodplain
of the river
River
Crosssection of a river valley
showing the floodplain
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
RS&GISGEOG and IWR, MSU Short Course 76/ 78
77. Floodplains
Floodplain Terrace
River
Crosssection of a river valley
showing the floodplain
Terrace of the Glacial
St. Joseph River
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
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78. WATERSHED HYDROLOGY
The End
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP
Senior Research Specialist
lusch@msu.edu
Michigan State University
Remote Sensing and GIS Research and Outreach Services,
Dept. of Geography
Institute of Water Research
David P. Lusch, Ph.D., GISP Watershed Management
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