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VODA
V O D A U P R I R O D I
• Najrasprostranenija tvar na planeti zelmji
• Ukupna količina vode na zemlji je 26,6 tona
• Mora i okeani zauzimaju 71% zemljine površine, a kopno zauzima 29%
Definicija vode
• Voda je hemijski spoj dva
atoma vodika i jednog
atoma kisika i jedan od osnovnih
uvjeta života. Hemijska formula
vode je H2O.
K R U Ž E N J E V O D E U P R I R O D I
• Voda u prirodi ne miruje, nego neumorno kruži.
Kakav je to proces kruženja vode?
• Ciklus kruženja vode u prirodi ili hidrološki proces
postoji milijardama godina i o njemu ovisi sav život na
Zemlji.
• Proces kruženja vode bi podrazumijevalo neprekidno
kruženje koje se događa na relaciji atmosfera-okean-
kopno
• Sva voda na planeti planeti Zemlji se stalno kreće I
uvijek je u drugačijem stanju: iz tečnog do vodene
pare pa od vodene pare do leda .
D O B I VA N J E I
S V O J S T VA V O D E
• U prirodi nema potpuno čiste vode
• Voda je rastvarač za mnoge tvari, zato je voda
sastojak velikog broja homogenih I heterogenih
smijesa
• Voda prolazi kroz zemljine kore I zato se miješa sa
mnogim tvarima.
• Za vodu se često kaze da je mehka ili tvrda ,time
se ukazuje na postojanje manje ili vise rastvoreih
tvari u njoj
• Da bi dobili od tvrde vode mehku ili od mehke vode
još mekšu potrebno je uraditi DESTILACIJU
• Destilovana voda nije pitka I nema prijatan ukus ali
je za hemičare jako važna tvar
• Destilaciju također koristimo za čišćenje čvrstih
tvari koje su rastvorene u vodi u obliku nevidljivih
čestica.
• Hemijski čista voda je tečnost bez booje, mirisa I
okusa.
• Voda može proključati na temparaturi nižoj od 100 C, to
se dešava u visokim planinskim krajevima gdje je
zračni pritisak niži.
• Voda se može pretvoriti u vodenu paru I bez ključanja to
se zove ISPARAVANJE
• Isparavanje je naročito jako ljeti I vjetru ,čak I led I snijeg
se isparavaju
• Voda dostiže svoju najveću gustoću na 4 koja opada
padom temparature što je pozanto kao anomalija vode
• Voda ima veću čvrstoću u tećnom stanj
u nego u čvrstom jer su molekule u ledu
više razmaknute.
• VODA
je posebna jer se na nižoj temparaturi šir
i za razliku od ostalih tečnosti koje se
u nižim temperaturam skupe.
• Zato
led pliva na vodi pa organizmi koji žive u
dubinama mogu preživjeti
U L O G A V O D E
• Voda ima veoma važnu ulogu u životu živih
organizama
• Svakodnevno je unosimo u ogrganizam kako za piće
tako I kroz biljne I životinske proizvode koje često
koristimo u ishrani.
• Da nema vode ne bi bilo živog svijeta
• Biljke pomoću vode prolaze kroz proces fotosinteze I
tako se prozivoi kisik
P R O B L E M
O N E Č I Š Ć E N J A V O D E
Odpade vode nastaju poslije upotrebe
čiste vode u velikim gradovima ili
industrijskim preduzećima tokom
tehnološkog procesa.
Odpadne vode inaće sadrše toliko otrovnih
tvari da se ne smiju puštati u rijeke ili
jezera jer izazivaju trovanje života u vodi I
izazivaju njeno zagađenje
Najčešći zagađivači: nafta I njeni derivati,
neorganske tvari, odpadne vode iz
domaćinstva, bolnica I
indusrijskih sektora
This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.
O D PA D N E V O D E
Odpadne vode treba prečistit prije njihovog
odlaganja, uobičajni pročišćavaći su:
mehanički, hemijski I biološki
Mehaničko pročišćivanje vrši se
propuštanjem zagađene vode kroz bazene
kroz koje se vrši taloženje pijeska I mulja , a
nakon toga vrši se dezifenkcija
Hemijsko pročišćavanje vrši se upotrebom
hemijskih sredstava , ta hemiijska reakcija
pretvara opasne tvari u bezopasne
Biološko pročišćavanje je najsigurnija
metoda prečišćavanja vode. Najčešće se
koristi u kmbinaciji sa mehaničkim I
hemijiskim postupkom a, može I samostalno
M E H A N I Č K O P R O Ć I Š Č AVA N J E
•Hvala na pažnji!

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VODA (1).pptx

  • 2. V O D A U P R I R O D I • Najrasprostranenija tvar na planeti zelmji • Ukupna količina vode na zemlji je 26,6 tona • Mora i okeani zauzimaju 71% zemljine površine, a kopno zauzima 29%
  • 3. Definicija vode • Voda je hemijski spoj dva atoma vodika i jednog atoma kisika i jedan od osnovnih uvjeta života. Hemijska formula vode je H2O.
  • 4. K R U Ž E N J E V O D E U P R I R O D I • Voda u prirodi ne miruje, nego neumorno kruži.
  • 5. Kakav je to proces kruženja vode? • Ciklus kruženja vode u prirodi ili hidrološki proces postoji milijardama godina i o njemu ovisi sav život na Zemlji. • Proces kruženja vode bi podrazumijevalo neprekidno kruženje koje se događa na relaciji atmosfera-okean- kopno • Sva voda na planeti planeti Zemlji se stalno kreće I uvijek je u drugačijem stanju: iz tečnog do vodene pare pa od vodene pare do leda .
  • 6. D O B I VA N J E I S V O J S T VA V O D E • U prirodi nema potpuno čiste vode • Voda je rastvarač za mnoge tvari, zato je voda sastojak velikog broja homogenih I heterogenih smijesa • Voda prolazi kroz zemljine kore I zato se miješa sa mnogim tvarima. • Za vodu se često kaze da je mehka ili tvrda ,time se ukazuje na postojanje manje ili vise rastvoreih tvari u njoj • Da bi dobili od tvrde vode mehku ili od mehke vode još mekšu potrebno je uraditi DESTILACIJU • Destilovana voda nije pitka I nema prijatan ukus ali je za hemičare jako važna tvar • Destilaciju također koristimo za čišćenje čvrstih tvari koje su rastvorene u vodi u obliku nevidljivih čestica.
  • 7. • Hemijski čista voda je tečnost bez booje, mirisa I okusa. • Voda može proključati na temparaturi nižoj od 100 C, to se dešava u visokim planinskim krajevima gdje je zračni pritisak niži. • Voda se može pretvoriti u vodenu paru I bez ključanja to se zove ISPARAVANJE • Isparavanje je naročito jako ljeti I vjetru ,čak I led I snijeg se isparavaju • Voda dostiže svoju najveću gustoću na 4 koja opada padom temparature što je pozanto kao anomalija vode
  • 8. • Voda ima veću čvrstoću u tećnom stanj u nego u čvrstom jer su molekule u ledu više razmaknute. • VODA je posebna jer se na nižoj temparaturi šir i za razliku od ostalih tečnosti koje se u nižim temperaturam skupe. • Zato led pliva na vodi pa organizmi koji žive u dubinama mogu preživjeti
  • 9. U L O G A V O D E • Voda ima veoma važnu ulogu u životu živih organizama • Svakodnevno je unosimo u ogrganizam kako za piće tako I kroz biljne I životinske proizvode koje često koristimo u ishrani. • Da nema vode ne bi bilo živog svijeta • Biljke pomoću vode prolaze kroz proces fotosinteze I tako se prozivoi kisik
  • 10. P R O B L E M O N E Č I Š Ć E N J A V O D E Odpade vode nastaju poslije upotrebe čiste vode u velikim gradovima ili industrijskim preduzećima tokom tehnološkog procesa. Odpadne vode inaće sadrše toliko otrovnih tvari da se ne smiju puštati u rijeke ili jezera jer izazivaju trovanje života u vodi I izazivaju njeno zagađenje Najčešći zagađivači: nafta I njeni derivati, neorganske tvari, odpadne vode iz domaćinstva, bolnica I indusrijskih sektora This Photo by Unknown author is licensed under CC BY-SA-NC.
  • 11. O D PA D N E V O D E
  • 12. Odpadne vode treba prečistit prije njihovog odlaganja, uobičajni pročišćavaći su: mehanički, hemijski I biološki Mehaničko pročišćivanje vrši se propuštanjem zagađene vode kroz bazene kroz koje se vrši taloženje pijeska I mulja , a nakon toga vrši se dezifenkcija Hemijsko pročišćavanje vrši se upotrebom hemijskih sredstava , ta hemiijska reakcija pretvara opasne tvari u bezopasne Biološko pročišćavanje je najsigurnija metoda prečišćavanja vode. Najčešće se koristi u kmbinaciji sa mehaničkim I hemijiskim postupkom a, može I samostalno
  • 13. M E H A N I Č K O P R O Ć I Š Č AVA N J E
  • 14.