Vitiligo is a skin condition where white spots appear on the skin due to a loss of melanin-producing cells. It can be caused by thyroid problems, chemicals, or genetics. Treatment options include applying creams containing ketoconazole or corticosteroids to the white spots, drinking plenty of water, and using sun protection since the skin is prone to sun damage without melanin. Lifestyle factors like a healthy diet, stress management, and avoiding irritants can also help treatment. The exact cause is still unknown, though genetics may play a role since over 30% of cases occur in families.