Here are the key points about the PXI platform components:
- The PXI platform consists of instrument modules, a controller card, and a chassis to hold the cards.
- The modules (NI PXI instruments) substitute the traditional standalone instruments. They plug into the chassis.
- The controller card is an embedded PC that controls the entire system. It plugs into the chassis.
- The chassis provides power and communication connections for the modules and controller.
- At UNED, the specific models installed include the PXI-1031 chassis, modules like the PXI-4072 DMM and PXI-5114 oscilloscope, and the PXI-8105 controller.
-
A solid material containing 15% moisture by weight is dried in a rotary dryer to reduce the moisture content to 7% by weight. Hot air mixed with recirculated air from the dryer is used for drying. Calculations are shown to determine the mass flow rates of fresh air, recirculated air, and product based on a solid feed rate of 100 kg/hr to the dryer. Mass balances are performed around the dryer, mixer, and divider to calculate the flow rates, resulting in 96.70 kg/hr of fresh air, 29.84 kg/hr of recirculated air, and 91.40 kg/hr of product.
Este documento discute el tema del estrés en el embarazo. Explica que el estrés se produce durante el embarazo debido a la vulnerabilidad y temores que siente la mujer, como perder su libertad o no cumplir como madre. El estrés excesivo puede afectar negativamente el desarrollo del feto y aumentar el riesgo de parto prematuro o bajo peso al nacer. El documento también proporciona consejos para reducir el estrés durante el embarazo, como contar con apoyo social, hacer ejercicio, dormir
FINTDI 2011 - Remote Laboratories for Electrical & Electronic Subjects in New...Mohamed Tawfik
Este documento describe una plataforma para laboratorios remotos de ingeniería eléctrica y electrónica. La plataforma utiliza una matriz de conmutación para conectar componentes como osciloscopios, fuentes de alimentación y generadores de funciones a través de una plataforma PXI controlada por software LabVIEW. Los estudiantes pueden acceder a los experimentos a través de una página web y realizar mediciones en tiempo real de forma remota. El objetivo es expandir el alcance de la plataforma y integrarla con sistemas de
Upcoming Challenges in E-Learning & Online Learning EnvironmentsMohamed Tawfik
Upcoming challenges in e-learning and online learning environments include:
1) Transitioning to blended learning models that combine online and in-person instruction.
2) Integrating learning management systems with remote laboratories and services like Web 2.0 tools.
3) Developing mobile learning capabilities that incorporate location-based and user-based interactions in a new framework deployable on smart devices.
The document describes a continuous wave stepped-frequency radar system. It provides a mathematical description of the transmitted and received signals. The transmitted signal is a continuous train of stepped-frequency pulses across a bandwidth. Each received frequency is mixed down to baseband, producing in-phase and quadrature signals that are sampled. An inverse Fourier transform is applied to reconstruct the target profile. For a single point target, the baseband signal contains the target reflection coefficient. Sampling produces a complex array corresponding to frequencies across the bandwidth. A Fourier transform reconstructs the target response within the maximum observable delay set by the bandwidth.
The document discusses photometry, which is the science of measuring human visual response to light. It describes how the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) defined the average human eye's response to light in 1924 by compiling data on light-adapted eyes into the photopic curve. The photopic curve shows that people are most sensitive to green light and less sensitive to red and violet wavelengths. The CIE also defined the scotopic curve to describe the eye's response in low-light conditions. The CIE aimed to establish a standard light source as a reference for photometry measurements.
- The document proposes analytical models to estimate electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions from Wi-Fi and powerline communication (PLC) links in a home network.
- It develops a model for Wi-Fi EMF emissions based on assumptions about the transmission system, propagation environment, and a path loss model. This is used to define a "radiant exposure" (RE) routing metric that estimates the expected radiated energy within a radiation-sensitive area from transmitting along a path.
- The RE metric incorporates the effects of distance between the radiating sources and sensitive area, as well as the asymmetry of radiated energy regarding the direction of each link. It is designed to fit within shortest path routing algorithms to find minimum
An embedded system is a computer system designed to do one or a few dedicated and/or specific functions often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. By contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer (PC), is designed to be flexible and to meet a wide range of end-user needs. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.
Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants. Complexity varies from low, with a single microcontroller chip, to very high with multiple units, peripherals and networks mounted inside a large chassis or enclosure.
A solid material containing 15% moisture by weight is dried in a rotary dryer to reduce the moisture content to 7% by weight. Hot air mixed with recirculated air from the dryer is used for drying. Calculations are shown to determine the mass flow rates of fresh air, recirculated air, and product based on a solid feed rate of 100 kg/hr to the dryer. Mass balances are performed around the dryer, mixer, and divider to calculate the flow rates, resulting in 96.70 kg/hr of fresh air, 29.84 kg/hr of recirculated air, and 91.40 kg/hr of product.
Este documento discute el tema del estrés en el embarazo. Explica que el estrés se produce durante el embarazo debido a la vulnerabilidad y temores que siente la mujer, como perder su libertad o no cumplir como madre. El estrés excesivo puede afectar negativamente el desarrollo del feto y aumentar el riesgo de parto prematuro o bajo peso al nacer. El documento también proporciona consejos para reducir el estrés durante el embarazo, como contar con apoyo social, hacer ejercicio, dormir
FINTDI 2011 - Remote Laboratories for Electrical & Electronic Subjects in New...Mohamed Tawfik
Este documento describe una plataforma para laboratorios remotos de ingeniería eléctrica y electrónica. La plataforma utiliza una matriz de conmutación para conectar componentes como osciloscopios, fuentes de alimentación y generadores de funciones a través de una plataforma PXI controlada por software LabVIEW. Los estudiantes pueden acceder a los experimentos a través de una página web y realizar mediciones en tiempo real de forma remota. El objetivo es expandir el alcance de la plataforma y integrarla con sistemas de
Upcoming Challenges in E-Learning & Online Learning EnvironmentsMohamed Tawfik
Upcoming challenges in e-learning and online learning environments include:
1) Transitioning to blended learning models that combine online and in-person instruction.
2) Integrating learning management systems with remote laboratories and services like Web 2.0 tools.
3) Developing mobile learning capabilities that incorporate location-based and user-based interactions in a new framework deployable on smart devices.
The document describes a continuous wave stepped-frequency radar system. It provides a mathematical description of the transmitted and received signals. The transmitted signal is a continuous train of stepped-frequency pulses across a bandwidth. Each received frequency is mixed down to baseband, producing in-phase and quadrature signals that are sampled. An inverse Fourier transform is applied to reconstruct the target profile. For a single point target, the baseband signal contains the target reflection coefficient. Sampling produces a complex array corresponding to frequencies across the bandwidth. A Fourier transform reconstructs the target response within the maximum observable delay set by the bandwidth.
The document discusses photometry, which is the science of measuring human visual response to light. It describes how the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage (CIE) defined the average human eye's response to light in 1924 by compiling data on light-adapted eyes into the photopic curve. The photopic curve shows that people are most sensitive to green light and less sensitive to red and violet wavelengths. The CIE also defined the scotopic curve to describe the eye's response in low-light conditions. The CIE aimed to establish a standard light source as a reference for photometry measurements.
- The document proposes analytical models to estimate electromagnetic field (EMF) emissions from Wi-Fi and powerline communication (PLC) links in a home network.
- It develops a model for Wi-Fi EMF emissions based on assumptions about the transmission system, propagation environment, and a path loss model. This is used to define a "radiant exposure" (RE) routing metric that estimates the expected radiated energy within a radiation-sensitive area from transmitting along a path.
- The RE metric incorporates the effects of distance between the radiating sources and sensitive area, as well as the asymmetry of radiated energy regarding the direction of each link. It is designed to fit within shortest path routing algorithms to find minimum
An embedded system is a computer system designed to do one or a few dedicated and/or specific functions often with real-time computing constraints. It is embedded as part of a complete device often including hardware and mechanical parts. By contrast, a general-purpose computer, such as a personal computer (PC), is designed to be flexible and to meet a wide range of end-user needs. Embedded systems control many devices in common use today.
Physically, embedded systems range from portable devices such as digital watches and MP3 players, to large stationary installations like traffic lights, factory controllers, or the systems controlling nuclear power plants. Complexity varies from low, with a single microcontroller chip, to very high with multiple units, peripherals and networks mounted inside a large chassis or enclosure.
IRJET- Digital Dynamometer for Stationary WavesIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a digital dynamometer to measure forces in a stationary wave system. Engineering students designed a compact dynamometer unit with a pressure sensor, LED display, and Arduino programming. The dynamometer was 3D printed and calibrated using metrological weights. Testing showed the dynamometer accurately measured and displayed the forces in the stationary wave system. The digital dynamometer provides an improved tool for physics laboratory experiments at the Technological University of Tlaxcala.
IRJET - Talking Plant using IoT and Machine LaerningIRJET Journal
This document describes a system that enables communication between plants and humans using IoT and machine learning. Sensors such as an LDR, soil moisture sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and OLED screen are connected to a NodeMCU microcontroller to monitor the plant's environment and conditions. The sensor data is sent to the cloud for analysis using machine learning algorithms. Notifications can be sent to users' smartphones to alert them if environmental parameters like temperature, light intensity, or soil moisture are outside the optimal range. The system aims to understand plants' needs and provide proper nourishment by allowing humans to directly ask plants questions and interpret their responses. This innovative approach could transform how living things express their needs without the ability to communicate verbally
This document is a project report submitted by three students - Ashwani Kumar, Ankit Raj, and Anand Abhishek - to Cochin University of Science & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Information Technology. The report describes the development of a "Know Your Teacher" mobile application that uses ultrasonic sensors and an Arduino board to detect when a faculty member is present in their office and notify students via the mobile app in real-time. It details the hardware components used, including the ultrasonic sensor, Arduino Uno, piezoelectric buzzer, Arduino Wi-Fi 101, as well as the software specifications and coding implemented in Arduino IDE
This thesis presents a generalized Monte Carlo tool for investigating the properties of materials using a non-parabolic band structure model. The tool allows users to define new material parameters and properties by making every parameter a variable. It incorporates various scattering mechanisms and uses an analytic band structure model, making it fast. The tool has been integrated with the Rappture interface and deployed on nanoHUB.org for broad accessibility. Results from the tool closely match experimental data for common semiconductors like silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide, demonstrating its versatility. The user-friendly interface allows defining materials and obtaining accurate results without coding.
This document is a project report submitted by four students - Apeksha A. Jain, Rohit M. Kulkarni, Soham C. Wadekar, and Kedar D. Wagholikar - for their Bachelor of Engineering degree. The report details a project on dynamic routing of packets in wireless sensor networks conducted under the guidance of Prof. G.R. Pathak. The project aims to implement clustering in a wireless sensor network and analyze the effects of increasing cluster size on cluster head energy. It further aims to implement an energy efficient dynamic algorithm to re-elect cluster heads periodically in order to save energy. The report presents the background, problem statement, project planning, analysis, design,
College of Engineering and Technology.docxMisganDagnew
This internship report summarizes the experiences of three computer science students from Wollega University during their two-month internship at the Debre Tabor University Internet of Things (DTU_IOT) Lab. The report describes the structure and workflow of DTU_IOT Lab, the various projects and tasks the interns worked on, including creating Arduino programs and hardware projects. It also outlines the many benefits gained from the internship, such as improving practical skills, applying theoretical knowledge, and developing teamwork, leadership, and entrepreneurship abilities.
The document provides an overview of the vision and challenges for smart networked objects and the Internet of Things. It discusses:
- The vision of a future where physical objects are networked and able to interact with each other and people, merging the physical and digital worlds.
- The challenges of designing smart objects that can sense, compute and communicate under energy and environmental constraints.
- The challenges of networking massive numbers of heterogeneous objects securely and flexibly while providing ubiquitous services.
- The challenges of managing distributed information processing, data fusion and ambient intelligence at scale.
The fundamentals of telecommunication Engineering is written to be a great source of knowledge in teaching and research in the subject area.
We hope that students, teachers and researchers will find this textbook useful in the aforementioned subject area.
ENGR. KADIRI, Kamoru Oluwatoyin Ph.D
Head of Department
Department of Electrical/Electronics Engineering
The Federal Polytechnic, Offa
Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria
kadiritoyin2007@yahoo.com
IRJET- Design and Implementation of Smart Dustbin using IoT NotificationsIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a smart dustbin system using IoT notifications. The system uses ultrasonic sensors placed above trash bins to detect garbage levels and send this data to an Android application via an Arduino microcontroller and WiFi module. When a bin reaches a certain fill level, a notification is sent to alert authorities to empty it. The system aims to help maintain cleanliness and avoid hazardous situations by automating waste collection. It monitors bin levels and notifies staff in real-time using low-cost hardware and an IoT approach.
This document provides an overview of cellular and non-cellular Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies. It discusses short-range technologies like Bluetooth, Zigbee, and 6LoWPAN, as well as long-range low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies like LoRaWAN, SigFox, and various cellular standards. The document also covers topics like IoT device architecture, operating systems, platforms, security challenges, and modulation techniques. It aims to explain the different network options available for building IoT systems and applications.
This document discusses smart grid opportunities and applications in Turkey. It provides an overview of smart grid projects in Europe, including key statistics on investments and project types. It then discusses Turkey's electricity market structure and history. The current state of smart grid policy and infrastructure in Turkey is examined, including opportunities and a SWOT analysis. Benefits of smart grids are described such as integrating renewable energy and improving efficiency. The conclusion suggests Turkey should continue modernizing its transmission and distribution networks to develop smart grids.
This document summarizes a dissertation report on designing and implementing a SCADA system using wireless sensors to control fire effects in a refinery. The report acknowledges those who helped with the project and states the research aims to understand how to design interactive systems that are useful and save lives. It then discusses requirements for the hardware and software, technical issues considered, and designing the network topology.
WIRELESS ULTRASONIC WATER LEVEL TRANSMITTERIRJET Journal
This document describes a wireless ultrasonic water level transmitter system. The system uses an ultrasonic sensor to detect the amount of water in a tank and sends this information wirelessly. It aims to help regulate water levels and conserve water. The system consists of an ultrasonic sensor, Arduino Nano microcontroller, and HC-12 wireless transceiver. It measures the water level and sends the data over Wi-Fi to a mobile phone using Ubidots cloud services. The system is meant to make water level monitoring easier and help save water. Preliminary tests show it functions satisfactorily for this purpose.
Distance Measurement Using Ultrasonic Sensor and NodemcuIRJET Journal
This document describes a distance measurement system using an ultrasonic sensor and NodeMCU microcontroller. The system is designed to remotely monitor and measure distances of obstacles for surveillance purposes. It works by sending ultrasonic pulses and measuring the echo return time to calculate distance. The NodeMCU transmits distance data from the ultrasonic sensor to a smartphone app via WiFi in real-time. The system allows remote monitoring of areas with obstacles detected and distance information sent automatically to a mobile device.
Researcher in fields like Digital Systems Design based on FPGA, Embedded Systems, Open-Source Hardware, Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Signal Processing with a major research interest in Brain-Computer Interface.
⭐ For more information visit our blog:
https://vasanza.blogspot.com/
This document presents a device called FOR(E)SIGHT that was designed to assist visually impaired people. FOR(E)SIGHT uses computer vision techniques like OpenCV, optical character recognition and text-to-speech to help blind users identify objects, read text, and understand gestures. It consists of a Raspberry Pi microcontroller, camera, ultrasonic sensor and headphones. The device detects objects and text using the camera, extracts text using OCR, and converts it to audio using text-to-speech synthesis which is played through headphones. The goal was to create an affordable, small and easy to use device to help blind people with daily living activities.
This thesis explores monitoring user interactions with mobile video streaming services like YouTube. The author develops a software application that collects data on user context and interactions from a mobile device without direct interaction. The application monitors YouTube states, statuses and actions on Android devices. It saves data in RDF format for sharing. Evaluation shows over 90% of YouTube states and transitions can be monitored, helping predict future requests to optimize content delivery for mobile operators.
2014 04 03 (educon2014) emadrid uned a practice based mooc for learning elect...eMadrid network
This document discusses the implementation of a MOOC for learning electronics using a remote laboratory called VISIR. The MOOC was the world's first remote lab-based MOOC. It consisted of 8 modules over 10 hours each that introduced circuit simulation tools and then had students do real experiments using VISIR. Over its first two editions, the MOOC had a diverse set of students from different backgrounds and countries. The experiments using VISIR allowed up to 384 simultaneous students to experiment remotely. Future work aims to expand the types of circuits and experiments available through the MOOC and VISIR platform.
IRJET - Speaking System for Mute PeopleIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart speaking system that uses hand gestures to help mute people communicate with others. The system uses flex sensors and a microcontroller to recognize different hand gestures and map them to pre-programmed messages that are then voiced using a Bluetooth speaker. The system is intended to help mute individuals convey common messages to people unfamiliar with sign language through simple hand motions. It analyzes sensor data to identify the gesture and retrieves the corresponding message from its memory to audibly share via a paired device. The system aims to improve communication barriers for mute people by translating gestures into audio and visual outputs.
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB is a multi-model database that supports document, key-value, wide-column and graph data models. It provides high throughput, low latency and global distribution across multiple regions. Cosmos DB supports multiple APIs including SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra and Gremlin to allow developers to use their preferred API based on their application needs and skills. It also provides automatic scaling of throughput and storage across all data partitions.
Azure SQL Database & Azure SQL Data WarehouseMohamed Tawfik
This document provides an overview of Microsoft Azure Data Services and Azure SQL Database. It discusses Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) versus Platform as a Service (PaaS), and highlights the opportunities in the Linux database market. It also discusses Microsoft's commitment to customer choice and partnerships with companies like Red Hat. The remainder of the document focuses on features of Azure SQL Database, including an overview of the DTU and vCore purchasing models, managed instances, backup and recovery, high availability options, elastic scalability, and data sync capabilities.
More Related Content
Similar to VISIR INSTALLATION & START-UP GUIDE V.1
IRJET- Digital Dynamometer for Stationary WavesIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a digital dynamometer to measure forces in a stationary wave system. Engineering students designed a compact dynamometer unit with a pressure sensor, LED display, and Arduino programming. The dynamometer was 3D printed and calibrated using metrological weights. Testing showed the dynamometer accurately measured and displayed the forces in the stationary wave system. The digital dynamometer provides an improved tool for physics laboratory experiments at the Technological University of Tlaxcala.
IRJET - Talking Plant using IoT and Machine LaerningIRJET Journal
This document describes a system that enables communication between plants and humans using IoT and machine learning. Sensors such as an LDR, soil moisture sensor, ultrasonic sensor, and OLED screen are connected to a NodeMCU microcontroller to monitor the plant's environment and conditions. The sensor data is sent to the cloud for analysis using machine learning algorithms. Notifications can be sent to users' smartphones to alert them if environmental parameters like temperature, light intensity, or soil moisture are outside the optimal range. The system aims to understand plants' needs and provide proper nourishment by allowing humans to directly ask plants questions and interpret their responses. This innovative approach could transform how living things express their needs without the ability to communicate verbally
This document is a project report submitted by three students - Ashwani Kumar, Ankit Raj, and Anand Abhishek - to Cochin University of Science & Technology in partial fulfillment of the requirements for a Bachelor of Technology degree in Information Technology. The report describes the development of a "Know Your Teacher" mobile application that uses ultrasonic sensors and an Arduino board to detect when a faculty member is present in their office and notify students via the mobile app in real-time. It details the hardware components used, including the ultrasonic sensor, Arduino Uno, piezoelectric buzzer, Arduino Wi-Fi 101, as well as the software specifications and coding implemented in Arduino IDE
This thesis presents a generalized Monte Carlo tool for investigating the properties of materials using a non-parabolic band structure model. The tool allows users to define new material parameters and properties by making every parameter a variable. It incorporates various scattering mechanisms and uses an analytic band structure model, making it fast. The tool has been integrated with the Rappture interface and deployed on nanoHUB.org for broad accessibility. Results from the tool closely match experimental data for common semiconductors like silicon, germanium, and gallium arsenide, demonstrating its versatility. The user-friendly interface allows defining materials and obtaining accurate results without coding.
This document is a project report submitted by four students - Apeksha A. Jain, Rohit M. Kulkarni, Soham C. Wadekar, and Kedar D. Wagholikar - for their Bachelor of Engineering degree. The report details a project on dynamic routing of packets in wireless sensor networks conducted under the guidance of Prof. G.R. Pathak. The project aims to implement clustering in a wireless sensor network and analyze the effects of increasing cluster size on cluster head energy. It further aims to implement an energy efficient dynamic algorithm to re-elect cluster heads periodically in order to save energy. The report presents the background, problem statement, project planning, analysis, design,
College of Engineering and Technology.docxMisganDagnew
This internship report summarizes the experiences of three computer science students from Wollega University during their two-month internship at the Debre Tabor University Internet of Things (DTU_IOT) Lab. The report describes the structure and workflow of DTU_IOT Lab, the various projects and tasks the interns worked on, including creating Arduino programs and hardware projects. It also outlines the many benefits gained from the internship, such as improving practical skills, applying theoretical knowledge, and developing teamwork, leadership, and entrepreneurship abilities.
The document provides an overview of the vision and challenges for smart networked objects and the Internet of Things. It discusses:
- The vision of a future where physical objects are networked and able to interact with each other and people, merging the physical and digital worlds.
- The challenges of designing smart objects that can sense, compute and communicate under energy and environmental constraints.
- The challenges of networking massive numbers of heterogeneous objects securely and flexibly while providing ubiquitous services.
- The challenges of managing distributed information processing, data fusion and ambient intelligence at scale.
The fundamentals of telecommunication Engineering is written to be a great source of knowledge in teaching and research in the subject area.
We hope that students, teachers and researchers will find this textbook useful in the aforementioned subject area.
ENGR. KADIRI, Kamoru Oluwatoyin Ph.D
Head of Department
Department of Electrical/Electronics Engineering
The Federal Polytechnic, Offa
Offa, Kwara State, Nigeria
kadiritoyin2007@yahoo.com
IRJET- Design and Implementation of Smart Dustbin using IoT NotificationsIRJET Journal
This document describes the design and implementation of a smart dustbin system using IoT notifications. The system uses ultrasonic sensors placed above trash bins to detect garbage levels and send this data to an Android application via an Arduino microcontroller and WiFi module. When a bin reaches a certain fill level, a notification is sent to alert authorities to empty it. The system aims to help maintain cleanliness and avoid hazardous situations by automating waste collection. It monitors bin levels and notifies staff in real-time using low-cost hardware and an IoT approach.
This document provides an overview of cellular and non-cellular Internet of Things (IoT) communication technologies. It discusses short-range technologies like Bluetooth, Zigbee, and 6LoWPAN, as well as long-range low-power wide-area network (LPWAN) technologies like LoRaWAN, SigFox, and various cellular standards. The document also covers topics like IoT device architecture, operating systems, platforms, security challenges, and modulation techniques. It aims to explain the different network options available for building IoT systems and applications.
This document discusses smart grid opportunities and applications in Turkey. It provides an overview of smart grid projects in Europe, including key statistics on investments and project types. It then discusses Turkey's electricity market structure and history. The current state of smart grid policy and infrastructure in Turkey is examined, including opportunities and a SWOT analysis. Benefits of smart grids are described such as integrating renewable energy and improving efficiency. The conclusion suggests Turkey should continue modernizing its transmission and distribution networks to develop smart grids.
This document summarizes a dissertation report on designing and implementing a SCADA system using wireless sensors to control fire effects in a refinery. The report acknowledges those who helped with the project and states the research aims to understand how to design interactive systems that are useful and save lives. It then discusses requirements for the hardware and software, technical issues considered, and designing the network topology.
WIRELESS ULTRASONIC WATER LEVEL TRANSMITTERIRJET Journal
This document describes a wireless ultrasonic water level transmitter system. The system uses an ultrasonic sensor to detect the amount of water in a tank and sends this information wirelessly. It aims to help regulate water levels and conserve water. The system consists of an ultrasonic sensor, Arduino Nano microcontroller, and HC-12 wireless transceiver. It measures the water level and sends the data over Wi-Fi to a mobile phone using Ubidots cloud services. The system is meant to make water level monitoring easier and help save water. Preliminary tests show it functions satisfactorily for this purpose.
Distance Measurement Using Ultrasonic Sensor and NodemcuIRJET Journal
This document describes a distance measurement system using an ultrasonic sensor and NodeMCU microcontroller. The system is designed to remotely monitor and measure distances of obstacles for surveillance purposes. It works by sending ultrasonic pulses and measuring the echo return time to calculate distance. The NodeMCU transmits distance data from the ultrasonic sensor to a smartphone app via WiFi in real-time. The system allows remote monitoring of areas with obstacles detected and distance information sent automatically to a mobile device.
Researcher in fields like Digital Systems Design based on FPGA, Embedded Systems, Open-Source Hardware, Artificial Intelligence and Biomedical Signal Processing with a major research interest in Brain-Computer Interface.
⭐ For more information visit our blog:
https://vasanza.blogspot.com/
This document presents a device called FOR(E)SIGHT that was designed to assist visually impaired people. FOR(E)SIGHT uses computer vision techniques like OpenCV, optical character recognition and text-to-speech to help blind users identify objects, read text, and understand gestures. It consists of a Raspberry Pi microcontroller, camera, ultrasonic sensor and headphones. The device detects objects and text using the camera, extracts text using OCR, and converts it to audio using text-to-speech synthesis which is played through headphones. The goal was to create an affordable, small and easy to use device to help blind people with daily living activities.
This thesis explores monitoring user interactions with mobile video streaming services like YouTube. The author develops a software application that collects data on user context and interactions from a mobile device without direct interaction. The application monitors YouTube states, statuses and actions on Android devices. It saves data in RDF format for sharing. Evaluation shows over 90% of YouTube states and transitions can be monitored, helping predict future requests to optimize content delivery for mobile operators.
2014 04 03 (educon2014) emadrid uned a practice based mooc for learning elect...eMadrid network
This document discusses the implementation of a MOOC for learning electronics using a remote laboratory called VISIR. The MOOC was the world's first remote lab-based MOOC. It consisted of 8 modules over 10 hours each that introduced circuit simulation tools and then had students do real experiments using VISIR. Over its first two editions, the MOOC had a diverse set of students from different backgrounds and countries. The experiments using VISIR allowed up to 384 simultaneous students to experiment remotely. Future work aims to expand the types of circuits and experiments available through the MOOC and VISIR platform.
IRJET - Speaking System for Mute PeopleIRJET Journal
This document describes a smart speaking system that uses hand gestures to help mute people communicate with others. The system uses flex sensors and a microcontroller to recognize different hand gestures and map them to pre-programmed messages that are then voiced using a Bluetooth speaker. The system is intended to help mute individuals convey common messages to people unfamiliar with sign language through simple hand motions. It analyzes sensor data to identify the gesture and retrieves the corresponding message from its memory to audibly share via a paired device. The system aims to improve communication barriers for mute people by translating gestures into audio and visual outputs.
Similar to VISIR INSTALLATION & START-UP GUIDE V.1 (20)
Microsoft Azure Cosmos DB is a multi-model database that supports document, key-value, wide-column and graph data models. It provides high throughput, low latency and global distribution across multiple regions. Cosmos DB supports multiple APIs including SQL, MongoDB, Cassandra and Gremlin to allow developers to use their preferred API based on their application needs and skills. It also provides automatic scaling of throughput and storage across all data partitions.
Azure SQL Database & Azure SQL Data WarehouseMohamed Tawfik
This document provides an overview of Microsoft Azure Data Services and Azure SQL Database. It discusses Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) versus Platform as a Service (PaaS), and highlights the opportunities in the Linux database market. It also discusses Microsoft's commitment to customer choice and partnerships with companies like Red Hat. The remainder of the document focuses on features of Azure SQL Database, including an overview of the DTU and vCore purchasing models, managed instances, backup and recovery, high availability options, elastic scalability, and data sync capabilities.
Designing big data analytics solutions on azureMohamed Tawfik
This document discusses designing big data analytics solutions on Azure. It provides an overview of Azure's data landscape and common architectural patterns and scenarios for building analytics solutions using various Azure data and analytics services. These include Azure SQL Data Warehouse, Azure Data Lake Store, Azure Data Factory, Azure Machine Learning, and Power BI for reporting and visualization. The document also discusses using these services to build solutions for scenarios like data warehousing, data lakes, ETL/ELT, machine learning, streaming analytics and more.
Microsoft Azure Offerings and New Services Mohamed Tawfik
Microsoft Azure offers a wide range of computing services including networking, compute, storage, databases, developer tools, and analytics services. It provides benefits such as pay-as-you-go pricing, quick setup, scalability, redundancy, and high availability. Microsoft has seen incredible growth in Azure due to its ability to convert its large enterprise customer base into Azure customers and build hybrid cloud solutions. The presentation highlights several new Azure services and features in networking, compute, storage, databases, and security.
This document discusses setting up System Center Configuration Manager (SCCM) on Microsoft Azure. It begins with an overview of cloud computing benefits and Microsoft Azure features. It then reviews the System Center suite and describes the SCCM on Azure architecture with a SQL database, IIS, and load balancer. Steps are provided for deploying the base configuration in Azure. The document demonstrates SCCM functionality and concludes with notes on additional configuration topics.
This document provides an overview of IBM Watson including:
- A brief history of Watson and how it defeated human opponents on Jeopardy in 2011.
- Technical specifications of Watson including its architecture using 90 IBM Power 750 servers with 2,880 POWER7 processor threads and 16 terabytes of RAM.
- Key technologies that Watson utilizes including Apache UIMA, Hadoop, and DeepQA for natural language processing and question answering.
- Commercial applications of Watson that have been developed for industries like healthcare, finance, and customer service.
- Related cognitive computing technologies like Microsoft Azure Machine Learning and HPE HAVEn OnDemand.
This document discusses remote laboratories and their implementation in engineering education. It notes that remote labs help bridge the gap between educational curricula and real-world industry by allowing experimentation without constraints of location or time. Several challenges in developing remote labs are outlined, including selecting lab server software and integrating labs with learning management systems. Examples of remote lab architectures and systems like iLab, Labshare, and WebLab Deusto are provided. The benefits of standards-based integration of remote labs into online education are discussed.
GOLC 2012 - On Standardizing the Management of LabVIEW-based Remote Laborator...Mohamed Tawfik
This document discusses standardizing the management of remote laboratories built using LabVIEW through remote laboratory management systems (RLMSs). It outlines the need for a standard application programming interface (API) layer to wrap LabVIEW-based remote labs and make them compatible with different RLMSs. The layer would define a common set of communication tools from LabVIEW, such as VI server and web services, to connect remote labs to RLMSs while addressing factors like simultaneous access, security, and session management. Developing such an API layer could help share and manage the many existing LabVIEW-based remote labs across various university platforms.
REV 2011 - A New Node in the VISIR CommunityMohamed Tawfik
The document discusses developments in the VISIR remote laboratory project. VISIR allows students to perform measurements and experiments on electric and electronic circuits remotely. Several universities have implemented VISIR nodes. Efforts are underway to integrate VISIR with learning management systems and online engineering frameworks to expand access and sharing of laboratory resources between institutions.
The document discusses integrating remote laboratories into management systems. It describes challenges in integrating diverse lab interfaces and technologies like LabVIEW. The authors propose creating standard APIs to facilitate integrating remote labs, especially LabVIEW-based ones, into remote laboratory management systems like Sahara. This would allow labs developed across universities to be more easily shared and managed through a common system.
TAEE 2011- State-of-the-Art Remote Laboratories for Industrial Electronics Ap...Mohamed Tawfik
This document summarizes a study on state-of-the-art remote laboratories for industrial electronics applications. It discusses how remote labs address gaps in engineering education by providing ubiquitous experimentation. Common architectures use LabVIEW or MATLAB for the lab server software and technologies like AJAX or LabVIEW's web interface for client-server communication. The document also provides examples of remote lab systems and outlines challenges in selecting server and communication technologies.
This document provides information about the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). IEEE is the world's largest technical professional organization dedicated to advancing technology for humanity. It has over 400,000 members across over 160 countries. IEEE was formed in 1963 by the merger of the Institute of Radio Engineers and the American Institute of Electrical Engineers. It consists of various societies, councils, sections and branches focused on different technical areas.
Copec ICECE 2011- DESIGN OF PRACTICAL ACTIVITIES IN ELECTRONICSMohamed Tawfik
VISIR is a remote laboratory for wiring and measuring electric circuits. It uses a PXI platform and relay switching matrix to connect various instruments. Several universities have implemented VISIR labs. Efforts are underway to standardize VISIR using LXI instruments, reduce costs, and integrate VISIR into learning management systems and online lab frameworks to enable broader access and sharing of lab resources.
TAEE 2012- Shareable Educational Architectures for Remote LaboratoriesMohamed Tawfik
This document discusses shareable educational architectures for remote laboratories in engineering education. It introduces remote laboratories, which allow students to control and administer online experiments interacting with physical instruments anywhere and anytime. Several existing remote laboratory systems are described that aim to integrate labs across learning management systems and universities through standard APIs. The document promotes the Global Online Laboratory Consortium which works to develop shared remote labs and interoperability between different remote lab systems to improve engineering education.
The PAC project aims to develop adaptive master's degree programs in engineering fields to better meet the needs of the labor market. It involves partnerships between universities and businesses to input employment needs into curriculum design. The programs will focus on skills and competencies required by industries, include virtual and practical learning components, and integrate work experience through internships. The goal is to transform engineering education from a traditional model to a performance-centered, employment-oriented approach.
Educon 2012- On the Design of Remote LaboratoriesMohamed Tawfik
This document discusses remote laboratory architectures and technologies for developing lab server software. It compares LabVIEW and MATLAB, the most common technologies used. Both LabVIEW and MATLAB possess rich features for data exchange, instrument control, and database connectivity. LabVIEW is most popular for remote labs due to its graphical interface while MATLAB is powerful for algorithms. Hybrid methods using both are common, with LabVIEW for signals/GUI and MATLAB for calculations. The document was presented by researchers from the Spanish University for Distance Education.
ASEE 2012 - Common Multidisciplinary Prototypes of Remote Laboratories in the...Mohamed Tawfik
This document summarizes common types of remote laboratories used in electrical and computer engineering education. It describes three main types: 1) Embedded systems using microcontrollers and programmable logic devices, 2) Instrumentation and measurements of electronic circuits and control systems using data acquisition cards, and 3) Programmable logic controllers for automation control. It also compares the popular remote lab development platforms of LabVIEW and MATLAB and describes a hybrid approach. In conclusion, more information about remote labs can be found on the UNED engineering department website.
TAEE2012-Putting Fundmentals of Electronic Circuits Practices onlineMohamed Tawfik
This document discusses putting fundamentals of electronic circuits practices online through remote laboratories. It presents several solutions for remote labs, including NetLab, Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality (VISIR), and labs based on National Instruments' ELVIS platform. These solutions allow students to perform circuit design, construction, and measurement experiments remotely. Schools implementing VISIR have seen pleasant results applying it to teach concepts like rectifiers, regulators, and transistor circuits. Remote labs provide ubiquitous access to improve engineering education when in-person labs have limitations.
Visir- Practicas Electronica Remotas Orientadas a la IndustriaMohamed Tawfik
Este documento describe varias iniciativas de prácticas remotas de electrónica industrial orientadas a estudiantes de posgrado y formación continua. Presenta proyectos de laboratorio remoto desarrollados por varias universidades para medir y analizar componentes electrónicos. También propone un MOOC y un máster europeo interinstitucional en línea sobre sistemas de comunicación e información aplicados a la industria.
Visir- Practicas Electronica Remotas Orientadas a la Industria
VISIR INSTALLATION & START-UP GUIDE V.1
1. 1 March 2011
VISI
IR
INST LATIO & STA
TALL ON ART-U
UP
GUIIDE V
V.1
Electrical a Compute Engineering Department
and er g t
Spanish Un niversity for D
Distance Educ
cation-UNED
Authors: Mohamed T Tawfik
Sergio Mar rtín
Charo Gil
Pablo Losaada
Alberto Pessquera
Elio Sancristobal
Gabriel Díaaz
Juan Peire
Manuel Castro
This w
work has been sponsored by the Span nish Science and Innovation Ministry through the project
e
TIN22008-06083-C
C01/TSI “s-Labs – Open s
services integ
gration for d
distributed, r
reusable and secure remote and
virtu laboratories”
ual
2. Summary
In December 2010, the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department of Spanish University for
Distance Education (UNED) [1] installed a Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality (VISIR) [2]. VISIR is a
remote laboratory for undergraduate electric and electronic circuits practice. It allows a student to
wire a real circuit remotely and get results from real instruments on their PC screen. The purpose of
UNED is to apply it, the second semester of this academic year 2010-2011, on the practice of the
undergraduate engineering grades. On the other hand, to work on its development and integration
with other outstanding learning technologies and research areas in which the department is currently
researching to improve and enrich distance education. For instance, learning management system
(LMS), fingerprints, mobiles, remote laboratories, web services, etc. UNED aims to be an active
member in the VISIR community by sharing its lab resources and experiments with the rest of the
community to enhance the experimentation skills in the electric and electronic engineering fields.
Furthermore, it aims to bring out satisfactory results with respect to the practice as well as the
research areas directed to the enhancement of the distance education quality level.
This work reflects the acquired experience during the set up and the installation process of VISIR
at UNED. The guide contains all the stages of the installation and the necessary configurations
required for the VISIR start-up, correct usage and administration. This work aims to be a reference for
any university interested in setting up a VISIR and to be a one more contribution from UNED to its
community.
3. Table of Contents
1. INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 6
2. HARDWARE DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................................. 7
2.1. PXI-Platform ........................................................................................................................................................................................ 8
2.2. Relay Switching Matrix .................................................................................................................................................................. 9
2.2.1. Component List ........................................................................................................................ 14
2.2.2. Max lists ................................................................................................................................... 17
3. SOFTWARE DESCRIPTION AND OPERATION CYCLE ................................................................. 18
3.1. Web Interface .................................................................................................................................................................................. 19
3.2. Experiment Client .......................................................................................................................................................................... 19
3.3. Measurement Server .................................................................................................................................................................... 22
3.4. Equipment Server .......................................................................................................................................................................... 23
4. INSTALLATION .................................................................................................................................... 26
4.1. LabVIEW ............................................................................................................................................................................................ 28
4.2. NI Device Drivers ........................................................................................................................................................................... 28
4.3. Relay Switching Matrix Driver ................................................................................................................................................. 29
4.4. Component List ............................................................................................................................................................................... 29
4.5. Equipment Server Software ...................................................................................................................................................... 30
4.6. Measurement Server .................................................................................................................................................................... 31
4.7. Web Server ....................................................................................................................................................................................... 33
4.7.1. Text_WIKI Package ................................................................................................................. 33
4.7.2. Smarty ....................................................................................................................................... 34
4.8. Web Interface .................................................................................................................................................................................. 34
4.8.1. Database.................................................................................................................................... 35
4.8.2. HTTPS ...................................................................................................................................... 35
4.8.3. Config.php ................................................................................................................................ 38
4.9. Experiment Client .......................................................................................................................................................................... 40
4.9.1. Config.xml ................................................................................................................................ 40
4.9.2. Library.xml ............................................................................................................................... 40
4.10. Getting Started ................................................................................................................................................................................ 41
5. CONCLUSION AND FUTURE WORK ................................................................................................ 42
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................................................... 43
4. Glossary
API Application Programming Interface
DPST Double pole, single throw
GND Ground
GPIB General Purpose Interface Bus
HTML Hypertext Markup Language
I2C Inter-Integrated Circuit
IC socket Integrated circuit socket
IEEE Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
IP Internet Protocol
IVI Interchangeable Virtual Instruments
LabVIEW Laboratory Virtual Instrumentation Engineering Workbench
LMS Learning management system
LXI LAN Extensions for Instrumentation
NI National Instruments
PXI PCI Extensions for Instrumentation
SOAP Simple Object Access Protocol
SSL Secure Socket Layer
TCP Transmission Control Protocol
TLS Transport Layer Security
USB Universal Serial Bus
VISA Virtual Instrument Software Architecture
VISIR Virtual Instrument Systems In Reality
[3]
5. Figure Index
Figure 1. Common traditional instruments in an undergraduate ............................................................... 7
Figure 2. Relay switching matrix ................................................................................................................. 9
Figure 3. Component Board ...................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 4. Two leads components connected to DPST relays .................................................................... 10
Figure 5. Internal connection of a resistance connected to relay one and to the nodes (B, C) ................ 11
Figure 6. Internal connection of instruments with the nodes of the matrix ............................................... 12
Figure 7. A graph with 5 nodes and 10 branches ...................................................................................... 13
Figure 8. A circuit of 5 nodes and 3 components ...................................................................................... 13
Figure 9. Numbering single and dual pole relays on the component board ............................................. 14
Figure 10. Components installed in the component board ........................................................................ 15
Figure 11. Internal connection of the 6V power source using shortcut wires........................................... 15
Figure 12. Internal connection of the 6V power source using single pole relays ..................................... 16
Figure 13. Operational amplifier connection ............................................................................................ 16
Figure 14. Component list ......................................................................................................................... 17
Figure 15. A max list for an operational amplifier circuit ........................................................................ 17
Figure 16. An overview about how VISIR works ....................................................................................... 18
Figure 17. VISIR web interface ................................................................................................................. 19
Figure 18. Client selects available modules .............................................................................................. 20
Figure 19. Virtual workbench of VISIR ..................................................................................................... 20
Figure 20. Pull-down component list menu ............................................................................................... 21
Figure 21. Measurement server running ................................................................................................... 22
Figure 22. Equipment server software running ......................................................................................... 23
Figure 23. The role of IVI in the frontal panel and the platform selection ............................................... 24
Figure 24. Overall operation process of VISIR ......................................................................................... 25
Figure 25. VISIR connected at UNED ....................................................................................................... 26
Figure 26. Connection of the DMM and the oscilloscope ......................................................................... 27
Figure 27. Connection of the DC power supply and the function generator ............................................ 27
Figure 28. Instruments defined in the Measurement & Automation Explorer .......................................... 28
Figure 29. Relay switching matrix defined in the Measurement & Automation Explorer ........................ 29
Figure 30. EquipmentServer.ini file .......................................................................................................... 30
Figure 31. Create wiki page ...................................................................................................................... 41
[4]
6. Table Index
Table 1. The role of each component of the NI PXI-platform……………………………………………………………..…....8
Table 2. Board label and I2C address scheme……………………………….…….…………………………………………………13
Table 3. The VISIR oscilloscope capabilities.………………………..………………………………………….……………………24
[5]
7. 1. INTRODUCTION
The Signal Processing Department (ASB) at Bleking Institute of Technology (BTH) in Sweden together
with National Instruments in USA (as a supplier of instruments) and Axiom EduTECH in Sweden (as a
supplier of education, technical software, and engineering services for noise and vibration analysis) have
launched the Virtual Instrument Systems in Reality (VISIR) Project in the end of 2006. It is an open source
remote laboratory project, financially supported by BTH and the Swedish Governmental Agency for
Innovation Systems (VINNOVA).
In December 2010, the Electric and Computer Engineering Department of UNED installed a VISIR with
the aid and guidance of the project founder Ingvar Gustavsson, together with the two engineers, Johan
Zackrisson and Kristian Nilsson, from Bleking Institute of Technology (BTH). This guide is an installation
reference from the Department. It includes the gained experience during the installation. The guide consists
of four main chapters. The first chapter (Hardware Description) describes the VISIR hardware components
types, models and their suitable connection. The second chapter (Software Description and Operation
Cycle) explains the VISIR operation cycle and the software role of each part during the operation and its
source building. The third chapter (Installation) shows the VISIR installation step by step process at UNED
and all the configurations needed to get it to run. The Fourth and the last chapter (Conclusion and Future
works) discusses the main parts on which a future work could be realized , on the one hand, for the VISIR
development and integration, and on the other hand to Develop the available remote lab technology and
enhance distance education.
Most of the compiled information in this guide is retrieved from documents released by the project
founders through the project webpages [2] [3], all these documents are freely accessible. This guide
provides complementary information to that is found in the project web pages. Accordingly, before
installing a VISIR, the resources of the project web pages should be considered first.
[6]
8. 2. HARD
DWARE DESCRIP
PTION
The common traditiona instrumen in an u
T n al nts undergraduat engineeri
te ing laborato for elec
ory ctric and
elect
tronic circui Figure 1, are: a po
its, ower supply a function generator, a digital m
y, n , multi-meter (DMM);
brea
adboard and an oscillosco
ope.
Figure 1. Common traditional instrument in an underg
ts graduate
engineerin laboratory f electric and electronic cir
ng for d rcuits
In VISIR, the instrume are repla
n ese ents aced with an equipment platform, w
n which is suite for remot control
ed te
1
such as PXI (PC eXtension for Instrum
h CI ns mentation) [4], LXI (LA eXtensio for Instru
AN ons umentation) 2 [5] and
3
IEEEE-488or GPI (General Purpose Int
IB terface Bus) [6]. The current VISIR is based on PXI. In ad
R o ddition, a
relay switching matrix is connected to the PXI eq
y quipment plaatform. The matrix con nnects the diigital pxi
instr
rument cards to the comp
s ponents inst talled inside the matrix. By this way it possible to design an wire a
y, nd
real electronic c
circuit remot tely thanks t this matri In this part, all the V
to ix. VISIR hardw ware compon nents are
goin to be desc
ng cribed, illustr
rating the funnction of eac of them.
ch
1.
1 PXI (PCI eXtensions for In nstrumentation) is a rugged PC- -based platform for measureme and automati systems. Wi PXI, you
ent ion ith
can select t modules (ins
the struments) from a large number of vendors and easily integrat them into a si
r d te ingle PXI system PXI uses
m.
PCI-based t technology and an industry stan ndard governed b the PXI Syst
by tems Alliance (P
PXISA) to ensur standards com
re mpliance and
system interroperability.
2.
2 LXI is the power of Ethern and the Web applied to Te & Measurem
net est ment offering you new possibilit in test syste
u ties ems – local,
remote, disttributed, time-aw ware. LXI is the current and fut
e ture standard for Test & Measur
r rement. It's seen the fastest ram
n mp-up of any
communica ations standard in the history of t test industry and products fro leading test a measuremen companies.
n the om and nt
3.
3 GPIB or IEEE-488 is a sho ort-range digital communications bus specificatio It was create for use with automated test e
s on. ed a equipment in
the late 1960s, and is still in use for that pur
n rpose. It was cre
eated as HP-IB (HHewlett-Packard Interface Bus).
d .
[7]
9. 2.1. PXI
I-Platform
m
The
T PXI plat tform consis of instrum
sts ment module cards, a co
e ontroller car and a cha
rd assis in whic all the
ch
1
card are suited All the pl
ds d. latform com
mponents are manufactur by National Instrum
e red ments (NI) [7]. For
ever componen there are a various m
ry nt, models depen
nding on its technical characteristic Table 1 i
cs. illustrates
the r of each component a its available model a UNED
role and at
Table 1. Th role of each component of the NI PXI-pla
he f atform
NI PXI-Ch
hassis NI
N PXI-Mod
dules NI-P Control
PXI ller
Fun
nction: It is the backbone of the PXI
s e Or NI PXI-Instruments, The modules card ds It is an e embedded PC, which is
em in which all instrument
syste that substitut the instrum
te ments. They ar re plugged int the NI PXI-Chassis. It
to
cards (NI PXI-mod
s dules) and NI plugged into t NI PXI-Cha
the assis. All of thes
se comes with standard featur such as
h res
PXI-controller are pl
lugged into. cards can be a
added and remov depending o
ved on an integrate CPU, hard dr
ed rive, RAM,
the demands. Ethernet, video, keyboa ard/mouse,
serial, USB Microsoft win
B, ndows etc.
All these ddevice drivers a already
are
installed. Hence, it elim
H minates the
need for an external PC. H
n However, it
could be repplaced with a PC
C.
• NI PXI-Chassis (N PXI-1031).
I NI • NI PXI-DC Power Supply ( PXI-4110).
C (NI • NI-PXI Controller (NI PX
C XI-8105).
Model
M
• NI PXI-Dig
gital Multi-meter (NI PXI -4072)
r ).
inst
talled at
UNNED: • NI PXI-Fun
nction Generator (NI PXI-5412).
r .
• NI PXI-Osc
cilloscope (NI PX
XI-5114).
1.
1 National Innstruments is a l
leader company for production of automated t
y test equipment a virtual instr
and rumentation soft
tware. Their
software prooducts include L
LabVIEW, LabW Windows/CVI, T
TestStand, etc. T
Their hardware p
products include VXI, VMEbus, PXI, GPIB,
I²C, and oth industrial aut
her tomation standar
rds.
[8]
10. 2.2. Rel Switch
lay hing Matri
ix
It is a stack o PCI/1041 sized boards [8] which act as a circ
t of s cuit-wiring ro
obot. It is m
manufactured in BTH.
d
It is designed for low freque
r ency analog e
electric and electronic ci
ircuit experi
iments and cconsists of in
nstrument
and component boards. Eac instrumen board (DM Oscillo
ch nt MM, oscope, Powe source an function g
er nd generator
Boar correspo
rd) onds to its NI PXI-Devi in the N PXI-Chas and con
N ice NI ssis nnected to it using eithe coaxial
er
cable or cords, Figure 2.
es
Figure 2. Re switching matrix
elay
Relay switch
R hing matrix can hold up to 16 com
p mponent boards. Each component board comp prises 10
sock for comp
kets ponents with two leads (
h (Each socket is connecte to a doubl
t ed le-pole singl
le-throw rela DPST)
ay
and two 20-pin IC sockets for complex circuit conn
f nections. Th relay sw
hus, witching matr can cont
rix tain up to
16×1 relays as maximum. Two leads component occupy on relay wh more leads compon
10 s . ts ne hile nents e.g.
amplifier, occup more relay Figure 3. Putting the switching m
py ys, . matrix into a closed case is not recom
e mmended
becaause it should be easy to swap comp
d ponents and r
rewire brancches. Howev it is very important t protect
ver, y to
the s
switching ma atrix from no
on-qualified persons.
d
1.
1 PC/104 is a common international embedde computer stan
ed ndard controlled by the PC/104 C
Consortium.
[9]
11. Figure 3. Component Bo
oard
According to the data s
A o sheet, the m
maximum car current of the relay is 2 A an the minim
rry y nd mum life
8
expe
ectancy is 3
3×10 operat tions (appro
oximately tw operation per secon continuously for fiv years).
wo ns nd ve
Figu 4 shows t leads co
ure two omponents co onnected to DPST relays inside the m
matrix.
Figure 4. T leads comp
Two ponents conne
ected to DPST r
relays
[10]
12. In relay swit
n tching matri each boa has a ce
ix, ard ertain number of relays controlling the interco
s g onnection
betw
ween the boa compone and the b
ard ents board. Howeever, there a common nodes propa
are agating with all the
hin
boar to conne them tog
rds ect gether, creati a node b
ing bus. These nnodes are diivided into two groups, the first
,
conttains the nod A-I and 0 (GND). While the s
des d second conta ains the nod X1-X6 and COM as seen in
des a s
figur 3.
re
Figure 5 expl
F lains the inte
ernal connec
ction of a commponent in the compon nent breadboa The com
ard. mponents
can be connecte only to t nodes of the first gr
ed the f roup depend
ding on the components distributio on the
on
commponent boar Figure 6 shows the internal co
rd. onnection of the instrum
f ments with the nodes in
t nside the
matr The grou terminal of the func
rix. und ls ction genera and the o
ator oscilloscope are hardwir to node 0 (GND).
e red
The function gen nerator outp can be co
put onnected to nnode A only While the oscilloscope channels a well as
y. e as
the D
DMM chann are dyna
nels amically con
nnected to an node depe
ny ending on th user circui design and they are
he it d
not llisted in the component list design. T Power s
The source conne
ectors (0, CO +6V, +20V, -20V, A
OM, AUX) are
connnected intern nally to the node 0 (GN and th nodes of the second group (CO
GND) he OM, X1, X2, X3, X4)
respe ectively, the depending on the com
en g mponent list design (see componen list), they are connect to the
t e nt ted
first group (by a shortcut wi as seen in figure 3 or by two rela switches i series) as the second g
ire n r ay in group are
not ssupported in the current software ver
n rsion.
Figure 5. Int
ternal connecti of a resista
ion ance connected to relay one a to the node (B, C)
d and es
[11]
13. Fig
gure 6. Internal connection of instruments with the nodes of the matrix
l f
[12]
14. The
T complex of the matrix depend on the nu
xity m ds umber of nodes it have e.g. from a matrix with N nodes
we c obtain N (N-1)/2 br
can N. ranches. How
wever, the c
current matri which hav 10 nodes (A-I, 0) is s
ix ve s sufficient
for undergraduat Engineeri practice. Figure 7 sho the num
u te ing ows mber of brancches (10) co
ould be obtai
ined from
a5n node circuit.
Figur 7. A graph w 5 nodes an 10 branches
re with nd s
For
F instance, if we conne a resistan (R1) to th nodes (A, B), a resista
ect nce he ance (R2) to the nodes (B C) and
B,
a res
sistance (R3) to the node (D, E) as s
) es shown in fig
gure 8, we wo
ould have to consider so facts suc as:
o ome ch
• The DDMM chann nels are dynnamic but th nodes ar not, so w can meas
he re we sure R1, R2, R3 and
,
R1+R To measu R2+R3 (
R2. ure (nodes B, E) we have to make a sho
), o ortcut betwe the node (C, D).
een es
The shhortcut is a single wire t connects two nodes and occupie one relay as seen in th relay 3
s that s es he
of the matrix of figure 3. If th user conn
e fi he nects R2 and R3 in serie the intern shortcut r
d es, nal relay will
be connnected autoomatically to combine th two nodes the user do
o he s, oesn’t have t draw it.
to
• The fu
function gene erator is con
nnected only to the node (A, 0), so to connect it to any oth node,
y es o her
we shhould have a shortcut bet tween the no A and the other node
ode e.
Figur 8. A circuit o 5 nodes and 3 components
re of d s
In the matrix, a matrix Controller (PI
n C IC18F4550) hosted on t source board commu
) the unicates with a board
h
conttroller (PIC1
16F767) on eeach board v a bus [8], so that, eac board has a label, whi correspo
via , ch ich onds to an
addrress, which w be need later for writing the component list file. Ta
will ded r e t able 2 shows each board label at
s d
UNE with its e
ED equivalent I2C address.
Tab 2. Board lab and I2C add
ble bel ddress scheme
Bo
oard Type Board Labe
el I2C Add
dress
Co
omponent board 1 1 COMP 1
Co
omponent board 2 2 COMP 2
Etc.
Os
scilloscope b
board 16 OSC 16
DM board
MM 17 DMM 17 7
Etc.
So
ource board 24 SRC 24
[13]
15. 2.2.1. Com
mponent Lis
st
The
T compone list descr
ent omponents a instrume 1 in the m
ribes all the installed co and ents matrix to ma them
ake
know to the so
wn oftware. The is only o compone list per s
ere one ent switching m
matrix. Next, some guideelines are
given to list instr
ruments and component in the com
d ts mponent list f
file.
Befor listing a co
re omponent w have to co
we onsider a ver important remark. The are four dual pole
ry ere
relays in the comp
s ponent board that can be replaced b eight sing pole relay as shown in figure
d e by gle ys
9. The 10 dual pole relays a numbered 1, 2,3,5,7,
are d ,8,9,10,11 and 13 respe ectively. Wh if we
hile
replac four of the with 8 si
ce em ingle pole relays, they w be numbe
will ered (1-14) respectively.
r .
Figu 9. Number
ure ring single and dual pole rela on the comp
d ays ponent board
The t leads components (R C, SHORT
two R, TCUT, L, etc are listed as the follow
c.) wing:
<Com
mponent typ
pe>_<board label>_<re
d elay numbe
er> <Node
e1>< Node2 <etc.>
2> <Value>
<
For instance, the components installed in the compo
n onent board of figure 10 will be described as
0
ollowing:
the fo
- R_2_1 I IH 10K : represents a resistor of 10K ohm installed on the relay 1 and
s ms
connected to the nodes (I, H) in th board 2.
s he
- SHORTCU UT_2_3 HG represents a shortcut installed on the relay 3 and connect to the
G: n ted
nodes (H, G) in the bo
oard 2.
- C_2_4 AB
A 10n: represents a capacitor of 10n far installed on the rela 4 and
: r rad d ay
connected to the nodes (A, B) in th board 2.
s he
If a c
component ddemands mo than one relay to be c
ore connected to the circuit, we separate the two
o , e
relay connection by the sig “:”. For example, “
y ns gn “R_1_1:8_10 E F 1
0 10k” means that, by
s
activating rely 1 on board 1 and rely 10 on board 8 a resistor with the va
0 alue of 10k oohms are
going to be conne
g ected betwee node E an F.
en nd
1.
1 The DMM a oscilloscope connections are fixed and are n listed in the c
and e e not component list.
[14]
16. Figure 10 Components installed in the component b
0. e board
The fu
function gene erator is con
nnected to th node “A” internally th
he hrough the r
relay 1 on th source
he
board (board labe = 24) and its ground is hardwire to “0” th
d el d d ed hrough the reelay 5 on th source
he
board it can be lis as “VFG
d, sted GENA_24_5 A 0”1.
The nnodes of the second gro (X 1-X6 and the n
e oup 6) node COM a not supp
are ported in the current
versio of the sof
on ftware and m not be used in the component list. The pow supply t
must wer terminals
(6V, +
+25V, -25V a COM) a connecte internally to the nodes (X1, X2, X3 and 0) respectively
and are ed s X
throug the relays (3, 4, 5 ad 2) on the so
gh s d ource board (board label= 24)1. The power supp could
e ply
be connnected to th nodes of t first grou (A-I) by e
he the up either one of the followi two ways:
f ing
Shortcut w wires connec cting the (X
X1-X3) node to the nod of the f
es des first group (
(the node
COM is ha ardwired to the node 0). For exampl figure 11 explains the internal co
. le, onnection
of the 6V DC pow source which will be describ
V wer l bed in the componen list as
nt
“VDC+6V_ V_24_3 A”.
Figu 11. Internal connection of the 6V power source using s
ure l f r shortcut wires
1.
1 The describ matrix is the one connected a UNED.
bed at
[15]
17. Single pole relays on componen board. Fo example, figure 12 e
n nt or explains the internal
e
connection of the 6V DC power s
n source, whic will be de
ch escribed in the compone board
t ent
as “VDC+66V_24_3:10_ A”.
0_5
Figure 12. Internal c
e connection of t 6V power source using sin pole relay
the ngle ys
For co
omponents w more th two lead more rela are used and they ar mounted o the 20
with han ds, ays re on
pin IC sockets. Fo example, the operatio
C or onal amplifie shown in f
er figure 13 ha 8 connecto Pin 1
as ors.
and 5 are not connnected, thi operationa amplifier will be des
is al scribed in th component list as
he
“OP_44_10:4_11:4 4_13 NC B D G NC C F N uA741”
NC
Fig
gure 13. Operational amplifie connection
er
[16]
18. Figure 14 sho how a si
F ows imple compo
onent list cou look like
uld e.
Figure 1 Component list
14. t
2.2.2. Max lists
x
The
T max lists are lists that describe a safe circu that cou be create and preve hazardou circuits
s all uits uld ed ent us
from being activ
m vated. It is o
only possibl to activate circuits th are safe according to a defined max list.
le hat o
Each list lists a n
h number of so ources and c
components and it descri ibes also how they can b connected to other
w be d
listed sources or components if appropri relay sw
d r iate witches are cllosed The max list forma is:
at
<Com
mponent typ
pe>_<Serial number> <Node1>< Node2><e
l < etc.> <Va
alue>
The
T serial nu umber is a se elected value to name th instrumen and the c
e he nts components. There is no need to
. o
inclu the DMM set as volt
ude M tage meter a the oscill
and loscope in th max lists b
he because they are high im
y mpedance
and do not affect the circuit so much. Fi
t igure 15 sho the max list of an op
ows perational am
mplifier circu
uit.
Figure 15 A max list for an operation amplifier circuit
5. nal
[17]
19. 3. SOFT
TWARE D
DESCRIP
PTION AN OPER
ND RATION CYCLE
VISIR is an open source project, w
V e which offers a software distribution released un nder a GNU General
U
Publ License [
lic [10]. Thus, BBTH has assigned a web bpage [3] for its software developme and insta
r e ent allation to
allow other univ
w versities and organizations to study its source and cooper
d y e rate in its d
development All the
t.
softw source buildings, p
ware packets and i
information are available in this web
e bpage. This chapter desc
cribes the
VISI operation mechanism and the software fu
IR n m unctionality and of eac part and its source building
ch
regaardless to its version as it could be up
t pdated frequ
uently.
To
T get an ove erview of ho VISIR w
ow works, imagine that you have a PC c controlling y
your PXI insstruments
and a breadboar with all th required c
rd he components connected tthrough relay If you se comman to the
ys. end nds
relay to determ
ys mine which relay should be connec
d cted and whhich should not, you w build the desired
will e
circu If you se comman to the PX instrumen terminals to determin to which node they s
uit. end nds XI nts s ne should be
connnected, you w manage to see the results on your PC. The relay switc
will e e ching matrix acts as a ro
x obot who
receiives the com
mmands sen to the rela as well as the ones sent to the PXI instru
nt ays s e uments termi inals and
inter
rprets them t a physical wiring as sh
to l hown in figu 16. In view of that, t relay swi
ure the itching matri should
ix
have an interior connection between com
e b mponents, noodes and ins
struments. It receives the commands from the
e
PC ((through USB as shown in figure 16
B) n 6.
Figur 16. An overv
re view about how VISIR works
w s
Software func
ctionality an its source building are going to be discussed a
nd e e according to the whole o
o operation
hanism proc starting from the client login till receiving th results ba on the cli screen.
mech cess l he ack ient
[18]
20. 3.1. We Interfac
eb ce
It is the webp
t page of VISIR through w which user c access t the experi
can to iment client, it is written in PHP
, n
again MySQL and installe in the w
nst ed webserver as ssigned for VISIR. It h handles all t client lo
the og-in and
auth
hentication procedures ov HTTPS protocol. W
ver When a client logs in, it generates an experimen session
t n nt
cook with the client charac
kie cteristics (stu
udent, teach priority, IP address. etc.) and sto it in the database
her, ores
to be recalled by the measur
e y rement serve for authent
er tication purp
pose, Figure 17.
Figure 17. VISIR web inte
erface
3.2. Exp
periment C
Client
It is a packag integrated in the VISIR webpag and creat by Adob Flash. It represents t entire
t ge ge ted be the
laboratory work kbench (with all its instr
h ruments, commponents an breadboa simulated through a HTML
nd ard d) an
page as an emb
e bedded object. Client is free to cho
s oose the ins
strument mo odule with wwhich he is familiar
s
rega
ardless to its model or manufacturer as shown i figure 18. By this wa it is possible to use a virtual
m r in ay,
front panel dep
t picting one-
-instrument model to c control a d
different instrument moodel as long as the
g
perfo
formance of the real inst
trument is eq qual or bette than the p
er performance of the depi
e icted instrum
ment. The
avail
lable module are:
es
• Tradittional breadb
board.
• Defau PXI-instru
ult uments inter
rfaces of Nat
tional Instru
uments.
• Digita Multi-Met (Fluke 23
al ter 3).
• Functtion generato (HP 33120
or 0A).
• Oscill
loscope (Agi ilent 54622A
A).
• DC Po ower Supply (E3631A).
y
[19]
21. Av
vailable mod
dules Selected modules
d
Fig
gure 18. Client selects availa modules
t able
However, oth modules could be bu with Ad
H her uilt dobe Flash. AAfter choosi the prefe
ing erred modul client
les,
start to wire the circuit wit the mouse and with t available componen in that se
ts th the e nts ession, and a
adjust his
instr
ruments as if he was loc
f cated inside a real labor ratory. Figur 19 shows the virtual w
re workbench o VISIR
of
wher all the in
re nstruments teerminals and componen list are available to de
d nt esign the de
esired circuit All the
t.
time spent in des
e signing the c
circuit, the c
client is occu
upying his ow PC not th real instru
wn he uments. Use manual
er
docuumentations are available at the project website [2].
Figure 19. Virt
F tual workbench of VISIR
h
[20]
22. When the client clicks on the com
W mponents but tton as show in figur 20, a pul
wn re ll-down men of all
nu
avail
lable compo
onents is shoown. This m menu can be configured and modifie through t “library.xml” file
ed the
locat in the sa location of the “brea
ted ame adboard.swf file, in the experiment client packa within th VISIR
f” e t age he
webppage source (to be discu
ussed later in the installat
n tion chapter)
).
Fig
gure 20. Pull-d
down compone list menu
ent
When the cl
W lient gets hi circuit rea and clic on the (perform ex
is ady cks xperiment) button, the c
b client PC
(exp
periment clieent) starts t call the “
to “measureme server” (see the ne section) through ex
ent ext xperiment
protoocol. The ex
xperiment pr rotocol is an XML based protocol, w
n which use eeither XML Socket API or HTTP
S
requ
uests to trans
sport the req
quest data to the measur
o rement serve The expe
er. eriment proto
ocol transmi all the
its
instr
ruments adjuustment and configuratio and the circuit design through an XML messa For exa
on n n age. ample, an
expeeriment proto request sent by a 54 function generator c
ocol 411 n could look lik
ke:
nctiongenerat
<fun tor>
g_waveform value="sine" />
<fg "
<fg
g_amplidute value="1000 />
0.0"
<fg
g_frequency value="1000 />
0.0"
<fg
g_offset value="0.0" />
<fg
g_startphase value="0.0" />
e
<fg
g_triggermod value="co
de ontinous" />
<fg
g_triggersource value="immmediate" //>
<fg
g_burstcount value="0" />
t /
<fg
g_dutycycle vvalue="0.5" /
/>
<fg
g_userdefineedwave lengt th="20" enco
oding="BASE
E64">ABCD12
234ABCD1234ABCD</fg
g_userdefined
dwave>
</functiongenerator>.
[21]
23. Web
W services prescribe XML based m
X messages co
onveyed by I Internet protocols such as SOAP to b sent to
a be
the “measureme server”. TCP/IP on p 2324 d
“ ent port does the con nnection curr rently. Henc Experime client
ce, ent
(web server) co
b ould run on a separate machine. T XML b
n e The based protoc describe what sett
col es tings and
func
ctions each instrument type can perform, independent of hardware manufacture that’s w
f er, why, it is
poss
sible to selec an instrum
ct ment simulat module i
ted independently on the ma anufacturer, also it is po
ossible to
creat new modu of instru
te ules uments that d not exist in the curren set.
do nt
3.3. Measuremen Server
nt
It is a softwar program written for M
t re w Microsoft W
Windows in C
C++ using M Microsoft Vissual C++. It receives
t
the m
measuremen requests fr
nt rom the expperiment clie each req
ent, quest is sent in a separat TCP sessi
te ion, thus,
conn and disc
nect connect are required for every reque made to t server. T requests/
r est the The /responses sh
hould not
exce 64 KB in size. Figure 21 shows a running me
eed n e easurement server on a M
Microsoft wiindows systeem.
Figure 21. Mea
F asurement server running
The
T role of th measurem server c be define in four ma steps.
he ment can ed ain
1) Authhentication: At each req quest, it verifies that the client is a v
valid user by validating t client
y the
cook generate by the web server agai the data
kie, ed b inst abase.
2) Validdation: It ac as a virtu instructor it compare the receiv circuit da with the max lists
cts ual r; es ved ata
before sending i to be exec
it cuted on the real instrum
e ments, to avvoid any dammage to inst truments.
The max lists ar created b the admin
re by nistrator (tea
acher) to de efine the per
rmitted valu of the
ues
circu componen and instr
uit nts ruments. Thi lets him to be the only responsible for any dam
is o y e mage.
3) Time e-sharing: It can handle requests fro 16 simul
e om ltaneous clie with less than a seco (1/16
ents s ond
second is the ma aximum time for each re
e equest) by qu ueuing all simmultaneous rrequests and perform
d
them sequentiall with regar to priority reservation etc.
m ly rd y, n,
4) Cont trol: After v
validating an queuing th requests, it starts to h
nd he handle them either direc using
m ctly
GPIB module or sending them sequ
B uentially ove TCP/IP through the port 5001 to the
er e
“equuipment serv ver” (see the next section). In the se
e econd case t measurem
the ment server acts as a
gatewway and co ould serve more than one equipm ment server. As it com mmunicates with the
equippment
[22]
24. 3.4. Equ
uipment S
Server
It is a stand-
t -alone equip
pment contro
oller, handli low-leve instrumen interfaces and hostin all the
ing el nt s ng
instr
rument hard dware togeth with the relay swit
her e tching matr rix. It is div
vided into t three parts, the PXI
platf
form, the rel switchin matrix an the PC th handles t commun
lay ng nd hat the nication amo them wi server
ong ith
softw installe in it. The server softw is writte in LabVIE Figure 2 And all th instrumen drivers
ware ed ware en EW, 22. he nt
insta
alled in the L
LabVIEW are IVI (Interch
e hangeable VVirtual Instru
uments) com mpliant [11].
Figu 22. Equipm server soft
ure ment ftware running
The
T equipmen server rec
nt ceives a validdated sequen
ntial experim protoco requests fr
ment ol rom the measurement
serve in separat TCP sessions over TC
er te TCP/IP throu the port 5001 and ex
ugh xecutes it th
hrough the c
connected
instr
ruments. Aft that, the results retur back to th client scre with the same sequence. The re
ter rn he een e esults are
repreesented in fo of measu
orm urements on the virtual i
n instruments..
Most of undergraduate electronic la
M e aboratories o all the un
of niversities a
around the world have common
w
equipment (osc cilloscopes, Function g generators, multi-meters DC pow supplies and brea
s, wer s, adboards)
ardless of th
rega heir model and manuf facturer type. The curr rent VISIR supports P PXI, however, other
univ
versities wou like to u another platform (L
uld use LXI, GPIB, etc.). To en nable interch
hangeability between
workkbenches an different grid nodes (
nd g (different un
niversities), V
VISIR recom mmends fun nctions and a
attributes
defin by the I Foundat
ned IVI tion [11] to be used to describe the base class capabilities and class e
e s extension
capa
abilities of th lab hardw
he ware.
Accordingly, it should b possible to create a standardize approach which is easy to ado Base
A be ed h, opt.
capaabilities are t functions of an instru
the s ument class that are commmon to most of the instruments avaailable in
the class. For ex
c xample, for a oscillosco the base capabilities mean edge triggering o
an ope s only. Other t
triggering
methhods are def fined as extension capab
bilities. The f
functions su
upported by t VISIR oscilloscope are listed
the
in ta 3.
able
[23]
25. Tab 3. The VISI oscilloscope capabilities
ble IR e
Grou Name
up Description
D n
Base Capabili ities of the IviS Scope
speciification. TThis group includes the
p
IviSco
opeBase
capabbility to acq
quire wavefforms using edge
triggeering.
Extennsion: IviScope with the abilit to ty
IviScopeWWaveformMeas calcu ulate wavefo orm measur rements, su as
uch
rise t
time or frequency.
Extennsion: IviScope with the abilit to ty
modi ify the be ehavior of the trigg gering
I
IviScopeTrigger Modi ifier
subsyystem in th absence of an expe
he ected
triggeer.
Extennsion: IviScope with the autom matic
IviScopeAuto- Setup
configuration ab bility.
The
T goal of th IVI Foundation is to support 95 p
he percent of th instrumen in a partic
he nts cular class. T VISA
The
(Virt
tual Instrum
ment System Architecture standard [12] is accep
e) pted too but the instrum
t ment function should
ns
be th
hose defined by the IVI standard. Fi
d igure 23 exp
plains the fle
exibility (pro
ovided by IV of selecti of the
VI) ion
front panel and the platform
tal d m.
Figure 23. The role of IVI in the frontal panel a the platform selection
and m
After understanding the software f
A function of each part s
sequentially, we can su
, ummarize th whole
he
oper
ration proces as shown in figure 24.
ss .
[24]
27. 4. INSTA
ALLATIO
ON
Before startin with the installation an overvi
B ng e n, iew on the connection is given. A mentione in the
As ed
prev
vious chapter the web se
r, erver, the meeasurement server and th equipmen server sof
he nt ftware, each could be
runnning on a sepparate comp puter and the can comm
ey municate wit each other by TCP po
th r orts. At UNE all of
ED
these servers are running on the same m
e e n machine (NI PXI-Contro
I oller), however, they sti communic with
ill cate
each other throu TCP por The hard
h ugh rts. dware compponents shou be conne
uld ected properl before sta
ly arting the
insta
allation. All the matrix cards should be connecte properly t their corre
c ed to esponding in
nstruments in the PXI
n
platf
form. The co omponents a distribute on the co
are ed omponent bo oard. The mmatrix is conn
nected to an external
n
(12 V) dc power source and to the controller through a USB cab A PC scr
V r h ble. reen, a keybo
oard and a m
mouse are
connnected to the controller. Figure 25 s
e show the VISIR connect tion at UNE Windows XP is the o
ED. s operating
syste of the co
em ontroller.
Figure 25. VIS connected at UNED
SIR
To
T understan the instrum
nd ment connec ctions, figure 26 and 27 explain the internal con
e nnection bettween the
PXI- -Instruments and the vi
s irtual board After chec
d. cking all th connectio
he ons, software installation can be
e n
start Coming up next, the step by step installation process.
ted. e p n
[26]
28. Figure 26 Connection o the DMM an the oscillosc
6. of nd cope
Figu 27. Connec
ure ction of the DC power supply and the functi generator
C y ion
[27]
29. 4.1. Lab
bVIEW
LabVIEW is the platform with which the equipm server s
L m h ment software is d
developed. It must be ins
t stalled on
the machine tha runs the equipment se
m at erver softwa The equi
are. ipment server software that include a relay
es
switc
ching matrix version 4 is compatible with LabVIEW v
4.1 version 8.6 or higher. LabVIEW l license is
purc
chased from N
National Ins
struments [13]. LabVIEW 2010 is the version ins
W stalled curre
ently at UNE
ED.
4.2. NI D
Device Dr
rivers
All
A the NI PX XI-Instruments (DMM, Oscilloscop DC Powe Supply an Function Generator) mounted
pe, er nd
in th PXI chassis and described in t equipme server software mu be define in the L
he the ent ust ed LabVIEW
platfform. The N device driv comes w the Lab
NI vers with bVIEW licen however it is recomm
nse, r mended to install the
lates NI device driver versi from the National in
st ion e nstruments w
webpage to mmake sure th it contain all the
hat ns
1
funcction files (.v files) nee
vi eded to run the equipm
ment server s
software. Ni device driv
i vers version released
n
Aug 2010 [14 is the vers
gust 4] sion currently at UNED.
T check the installed devices in the LabVIE platform go to star menu P
To e EW m, rt Programs National
Instr
rumentsMMeasurement & Automati Explorer In Devices and Interfa
ion r. s faces, if you click the dro
op-Down
men beside the PXI chass all the i
nu e sis, installed instruments wi appear w their rel
ill with lated slot nuumber as
show in figure 28.
wn
Figu 28. Instruments defined in the Measurem & Automa
ure n ment ation Explorer
1.
1 The “.vi” files for each inst
trument are requ
uested to execute the equipment server. They are found inside th “inst.lib” and the “vi.lib”
e e he d
folders, both folders are fou within the La
h und abVIEW installaation folder.
[28]