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Industry Information ā€“ Power Generation
Measurement technology for
efficient power generation
Tel: +44 (0)191 490 1547
Fax: +44 (0)191 477 5371
Email: northernsales@thorneandderrick.co.uk
Website: www.heattracing.co.uk
www.thorneanderrick.co.uk
2
VEGA sets the standard in the energy industry	 3
Partnership for a demanding sector	 4
plicsĀ®
ā€‰ā€“ easy is better	 6
Adjustment and system integration	 8
Application examples:
Fuel storage	 10
Fuel transport	 12
Fresh water extraction	 13
Feedwater	 14
Flue gas scrubber	 16
Energy production from waste	 19
Wind energy	 20
Hydroelectric energy	 21
Instrument overview	 22
Contents
3
VEGA sets the standard in the
energy industry
The right technology for every application
Instruments from VEGA provide reliable data on volume,
level and pressure. From the storage of bulk coal and
supplementary combustibles, to water extraction from
rivers, water treatment and water catchment at the hydro-
electric power station, VEGA instruments are used in all
processes of power generation. For safety-related appli-
cations, such as the monitoring of feedwater vessels or
level measurement in storage containers holding acids
and lyes, SIL-qualified instruments are also available.
Modular and cost effective: plicsĀ®
plicsĀ®
is VEGAā€™s unique modular instrument system. It
allows the user to create a tailored combination of sensor,
process fitting, electronics and housing. With this system
you can choose exactly the measurement technology you
really need. The simple, standardized adjustment system
helps you put the instrument into operation quickly and
efficiently.
Reliability for power generation
ā€¢	Robust housings of plastic, aluminium and
stainless steel for use under rough environmental
conditions
ā€¢	All sensors available with Ex ia or Ex d approvals
ā€¢	Instruments with SIL classification for highest
availability and operational safety
ā€¢	All common mechanical and electrical process
interfaces available
ā€¢	Extensive information memory and asset
management functions in the sensors for
anticipatory servicing and maintenance
ā€¢	Solutions for remote data transmission (wireless)
VEGAā€™s range of products and services for the measurement of level, point level and
pressure are setting the standard in all processes of the energy industry. Thatā€™s because
VEGA systematically combines the latest technologies with comprehensive industry-
specific knowledge. The companyā€™s guiding principle has absolute priority: long-term, fair
collaboration, based on high esteem for products and people.
4
Partnership for a demanding
sector
Uninterrupted availability of electrical energy is one of the most important factors for a successful
economy. Consequently, very heavy demands are placed on instrumentation. Reliability, safety and
profitability ā€“ those are the most important demands made of measuring instruments. VEGA instru-
ments fulfil these requirements and provide high availability, operational safety and profitability in
production.
Reliability under adverse conditions
The energy industry places very high demands on
housings, electronics and sensors. Because all compo-
nents can be configured specifically for the expected
conditions, this is no problem for VEGA. The robust
housings deliver a convincing performance in the
operating environment. The sensors and antennas
withstand temperatures up to +400 Ā°C and are highly
resistant against acids and alkalis. The basis for this
performance is the use of high resistance materials like
stainless steel, Hastelloy, tantalum, PTFE or enamel.
Always the right measurement technology
As a traditional manufacturer with decades of experience
in the area of level, point level and pressure measurement,
VEGA offers measurement technology optimized for this
industrial sector. With a background of proven service,
VEGA sensors lend themselves very well for instrumen-
tation in new plants, as well as modernization projects.
Self-monitoring sensors with asset management functions
increase availability and operational reliability over the long
term.
5
Reliability also in changing media
Whether the media are liquids, bulk solids or gases ā€“
the properties of the measured media couldnā€™t be more
different. From coarse, fine, caking or abrasive bulk solids
to viscous, adhesive, corrosive or ultra-pure liquids, to cold
or hot gases, VEGA can always provide a customized
solution that delivers reliable measurement data.
Measurement technology that fits
Whether in simple storage tanks, above open basins, in
bunkers or in process vessels ā€“ the wide spectrum of
physical measuring principles allows any measurement
problem to be solved. VEGA also offers suitable process
fittings for any type of vessel or pipe. In addition, all
current standards for signal transmission are available
for the sensors.
6
Hyg
plicsĀ®
ā€‰ā€“ easy is better
Radar Ultrasonic Guided
microwave
VibrationCapacitive
Microwave barrier Process
pressure
Differential
pressure
Indicating and
adjustment module
Electronics
Housing
Process fitting
Sensor
PLICSCOM VEGACONNECT
4 ā€¦ 20 mA/
HART
Profibus PA Foundation
Fieldbus
Level switch
Thread Flange Hygienic
connection
Customer-
specific
HydrostaticHygienic standards
Ship approvals
Explosion protection
Safety standards
Plastic AluminiumStainless steel
Aluminium
double chamber
Plastic double
chamber
Stainless steel
double chamber
7
Trend-setting measurement technology orientates itself around the people who use it.
Thatā€™s why we developed plicsĀ®
ā€“ the worldā€™s first modular product system for instrumen-
tation. Every one of our sensors is custom built from plicsĀ®
components and optimally
fulfils the requirements of the industry and its specific applications.
Simpler planning with plicsĀ®
Being able to select and combine sensor, process fitting,
electronics and housing without restrictions simplifies instru-
ment selection and engineering for applications in machines
and systems. Cost reduction with plicsĀ®
thus starts already in
the planning stage.
Clear advantages for the plant builder
Short delivery times, uncomplicated connection and fast
setup and commissioning save the plant builder a lot of time
and expense. The construction, wiring and setup of VEGA
instruments are always the same, so whoever knows this
can readily install and operate any plicsĀ®
measurement tech-
nology and application.
Assistance for the user
plicsĀ®
delivers a convincing performance in daily use because
of its high operational reliability, simplified maintenance and
the reduced replacement part stocks resulting from designs
using many identical components. In this area, the consist-
ency of technology and operation simplifies and accelerates
work with different plicsĀ®
instruments. Adjustment always
follows the same concept and is carried out via the menu-
driven procedures in PLICSCOM, via on-site adjustment with
a PC or via the control room.
plicsĀ®
ā€“ bundled energy
Particularly in the energy industry, safety,
profitability and uninterrupted availability are
considered the most important criteria for the
selection of sensors. plicsĀ®
offers the best
prerequisites for maximum product quality,
as well as reliable and exact measurements.
Perfectly adapted to the needs of the industry,
the measurement instrumentation makes a
significant contribution to safeguarding energy
supplies.
ā€¢	Robust sensors also for rough environments
ā€¢	Extensive self-monitoring and qualification up
to SIL2
ā€¢	All common interfaces for connection to
existing processes
ā€¢	Time savings through simple setup and
commissioning with intuitive user surface
8
On-site instrument adjustment with PLICSCOM
The indicating and adjustment module PLICSCOM can be
plugged into any plicsĀ®
instrument at any time. It functions as
a measured value indication on the instrument and as an
on-site adjustment device. The structure of the adjustment
menu is clearly organized and makes setup and commissioning
easy. In addition, the status messages are displayed in clear,
readable text. When an instrument is exchanged, PLICSCOM
ensures fast availability of the measuring point: all sensor data
are saved by pressing a key on the PLICSCOM and later copied
into the replacement sensor.
Where man and machine meet:
Adjustment and system integration
9
P R O F I
B U S
PROCESS FIELD BUS
FDT/DTM technology is an innovative, manufacturer-
independent description technology for field instruments.
Complex field instruments can be operated as easily with
laptop computers and PCs as with the current engineering
and operating environments of control systems. With
DTMs, the sensors are configurable down to the last detail
and important adjustments can be carried out easily and
quickly. As a system-independent operating system for
DTMs, PACTware is the first choice for many field device
manufacturers. VEGA also delivers the corresponding field
device descriptions for system environments that depend
on EDD description technology.
All current standards for measurement
data transmission
VEGA offers practice-oriented solutions: from the
proven 4 ā€¦ 20 mA/HART measured value transmis-
sion to fieldbus technologies like Profibus PA or
Foundation Fieldbus to wireless transmission. When
it comes to point level detection, the selection ranges
from contactless electronic switch to relay, transistor
and NAMUR signal.
Instrument adjustment via PC and control system
Communication at all levels
VEGA supports all important standards for uniform,
centralized field instrument operation. If the field instru-
ments are integrated in primary management or control
systems, they can be accessed for adjustment, servicing
and diagnosis purposes via the existing infrastructure.
Both DTM as well as EDD description technologies are
supported.
10
Coal bunker in a power station
Hard coal and brown coal are the main energy carriers in
coal-fired power plants. Delivered by ship or by train, the
coal is unloaded into bunkers up to 30 m high. The coal
is transported from these bunkers to the stockpiles of the
power plant via overground or underground conveyor belt
systems. Additional conveyor belts feed, often via interme-
diate bunkers, pulverizer mills where the coal is converted
into a fine dust for subsequent combustion in the furnace.
Reliable level measurement guarantees uninterrupted
feeding of the furnaces and point level sensors prevent
overfilling in the bunkers.
Level measurement in the coal bunker with
VEGAPULS 68
The radar sensor VEGAPULS 68 is just the right thing for
places where thereā€™s a lot of dust and no contacting meas-
uring technique holds up for any length of time. Developed
especially for measuring bulk solids, it offers all the advan-
tages of non-contact level measurement. VEGAPULSĀ 68
measures the level reliably even under conditions of
extreme dust generation. Several VEGAPULS 68 are imple-
mented depending on the size and number of the loading
points.
Overfill protection with VEGACAP 65
Ruggedness is extremely important in the coal bunker.
Thatā€™s why capacitive measurement technology lends itself
well here for overfill protection. VEGACAP 65 stands out
due to its stable, hard-wearing mechanical construction
and simple setup and commissioning. Neither condensate
nor buildup can affect its reliability as an overfill protection
device.
VEGACAP 65
ā€¢	Simple setup and commis-
sioning
ā€¢	Robust construction
ā€¢	Shortenable cable measuring
probe
ā€¢	Insensitive to buildup
VEGAPULS 68
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Setup and commissioning
without filling
ā€¢	Insensitive to dust
ā€¢	Measuring range up to 75 m
Fuel storage
11
Silos for supplementary fuels
Whether in the coal power station or in the waste incinera-
tion plant: meat and bone meal and dried sewage sludge
now form an integral part of electricity generation and
district heating systems. About 5 % meat-and-bone meal
and approx. 2 % dried sludge are added to the coal dust.
These supplementary fuels are stored in silos. A continu-
ous measurement of the silo contents ensures uninter-
rupted feeding of the combustion chambers. Minimum and
maximum sensors detect overfilling, blockages or empty
operation.
VEGAFLEX 62 for level measurement
The robust construction of VEGAFLEX 62, which permits
tensile forces of up to three tons, allows its use in up to
60 m high containers and silos for supplementary fuels.
Being completely insensitive to buildup and strong dust
generation, VEGAFLEX 62 is the ideal sensor for continuous
level measurement. Already calibrated to the sensor length at
the factory, the instrument requires no adjustment on site.
VEGAVIB 62 for level detection
The VEGAVIB 62 is used for level limitation in the meat-and-
bone meal silo. This overfill protection system with suspen-
sion cable extension renders reliable service here.
VEGAVIB 61 as minimum sensor
The VEGAVIB 61 is installed laterally and used as low-level
indicator in the meat-and-bone meal silo. It also takes on an
important role in blockage detection at the transfer stations of
the conveyance systems.
VEGAFLEX 62
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Insensitive to dust and baked-on
deposits
ā€¢	Shortenable cable measuring
probe up to 60 m long
VEGAVIB 61
ā€¢	Ideal rod design for bulk solids
ā€¢	Setup without filling
ā€¢	Can be installed in any
position
ā€¢	Reliable function monitoring
VEGAVIB 62
ā€¢	Overfill protection system with
suspension cable extension
ā€¢	Ideal rod design for bulk solids
ā€¢	Setup without filling
12
Fuel transport
Belt transfer point
The coarse and fine bulk solids are in most cases trans-
ported within the power station via conveyor belts. To
achieve an even volume flow, belt transfer points are inte-
grated in the conveyor system. There, the incoming coal is
stored for a short time in a buffer silo. Level monitoring at
the belt transfer point is extremely important for conveyor
belt and production control.
Level monitoring at the belt transfer point
with VEGAPULS 67
Due to the good focusing properties of the radar sensor
VEGAPULS 67, the filling stream does not have any influence
on the measurement. Even in case of intense dust generation
the measurement is absolutely reliable.
Point level monitoring with VEGAMIP T/R 61
Non-contact level detection is realized with the microwave
barrier VEGAMIP. The instrument guarantees absolutely
maintenance and wear-free operation. Changes in moisture
content, granulation or coal type have no influence on its
reliable function.
Flexible overfill protection with VEGACAP 65
If a lateral installation isnā€™t possible, VEGACAP 65 is the
right solution. Its robust construction permits its use also in
coarse, heavy bulk solids and guarantees a long service life.
VEGAPULS 67
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Simple setup and commis-
sioning
ā€¢	Insensitive to dust, noise and
process conditions
VEGACAP 65
ā€¢	Very robust construction
ā€¢	Simple setup and commissioning
ā€¢	Shortenable cable electrode
ā€¢	Insensitive to buildup
VEGAMIP T/R 61
ā€¢	Independent of product
properties
ā€¢	Insensitive to dust
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
13
Water for cooling and feeding
Most thermal power stations are situated close to rivers.
One of the most important components for power genera-
tion can be found there: water. Without water, the thermal
energy generated in the combustion process couldnā€™t be
converted into electricity or heating transfer. It is used
for cooling and for driving the turbines as well as for
transporting heat to the end consumer. So it is important
that there is always a sufficient supply of that precious
resource. Therefore, measurement of the river water level
plays an important role in the process of power generation.
Level measurement at the water extraction
point with VEGAWELLĀ 52
The ceramic diaphragm of VEGAWELL 52 makes the
instrument extremely robust and long-term stable. The
virtually front-flush measuring cell guarantees reliable
operation. Even when heavily soiled or after a long period
of dryness, the measuring cell can clean itself due to its
surface quality and front-flush design.
Non-contact level measurement with
VEGAPULS WL 61
Level measurement with radar is not affected by environ-
mental factors such as wind, fog, condensate or snowfall.
The radar sensor VEGAPULS WL 61 is therefore the ideal
solution for non-contact level measurement at the cooling
water intake of power stations. It can be simply fastened to
the channel wall with a mounting bracket.
VEGAWELL 52
ā€¢	Robust construction
ā€¢	Extremely long-term stable
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	Simple setup and commis-
sioning
VEGAPULS WL 61
ā€¢	Independent of weather
conditions
ā€¢	Compact construction
ā€¢	Simple setup and
commissioning
ā€¢	High protection rating IP 66/68
(2 bar)
ā€¢	High accuracy
Fresh water extraction
14
Feedwater
Level measurement of hydrochloric acid
with VEGAPULS 63
In applications with aggressive substances, VEGAPULS 63
is protected from the medium by a surface of PTFE. Thus,
acids and alkalis cannot harm it. With flange sizes from
DN 50, the instrument fits on any rubberized or plastic
storage container in the water treatment system. In the
case of plastic containers, VEGAPULS 63 can also measure
right through the container ceiling.
Overfill protection with PFA coated
VEGASWING 63
The PFA coating of VEGASWING 63 allows it to fend off
any chemical attack. Its millimetre-exact, reproducible
switching point provides security and protects against
overfilling. Moreover, the recurring check according to
WHG (Water Resources Act) that can be carried out by a
simple keystroke on the instrument increases the profit-
ability of the system.
VEGAPULS 63
ā€¢	Setup without filling
ā€¢	Highly resistant, dense PTFE
ā€¢	Measurement also through
plastic vessel tops
ā€¢	Suitable for applications up to
SIL2
VEGASWING 63
ā€¢	Process-independent switching
point
ā€¢	High reliability and functional
safety
ā€¢	Recurring check via keystroke
possible
ā€¢	Also ECTFE coated or
enameled
Feedwater treatment
The water, which is usually taken from rivers, cannot be fed
untreated into the steam turbine loop. It has to be purified
through a series of filtering systems, ionizers and degasers.
The pH value of the water must also be correct to avoid
chemical reactions and deposits in the pipeline systems.
To this end sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or hydrochloric acid
(HCL) is added to the water for neutralization. The reliable
level measurement and level detection in the tanks ensures
high availability of the feedwater.
15
Feedwater for the turbine
Feedwater is necessary for all of the circulatory processes
in the power station. After being vaporized by circulation
through the boiler, it is fed into the turbine under high
pressure. If sufficient feedwater is not available, the
production of electrical power comes to a standstill.
Thatā€™s why measurement instrumentation is often installed
redundantly in the feedwater tank. In addition, a gauge
glass can be integrated in case a fault results in loss of
electrical power.
Level measurement in the feedwater tank
with VEGAFLEX 66
Unaffected by condensate as well as high process
temperatures and pressures, VEGAFLEX 66 guarantees
very high measuring certainty and reliability in the bypass.
As a part of the safety instrumented system (SIS), it can also
be redundantly interconnected with VEGASWING 61 up to
SIL3. Safety-related implementation allows both overfill and
dry run protection.
Redundant dry run protection with
VEGASWING 61
To provide absolutely reliable monitoring of the minimum
level in the tank, often two, or even three, VEGASWING 61
vibrating level switches are installed. As a single device it can
be used as dry run protection in safety-related systems up to
SIL2 ā€“ in case of redundant use up to SIL3.
VEGASWING 61
ā€¢	Process independent switch-
ing point
ā€¢	Setup without filling
ā€¢	High functional safety (SIL2)
ā€¢	Recurring check via keystroke
possible
VEGAFLEX 66
ā€¢	Independent of product and
process characteristics
ā€¢	Setup without filling
ā€¢	High functional safety (SIL2)
16
Flue gas scrubber
Lime milk density measurement
To lower their emissions, conventional power stations
operate complex flue gas scrubbing systems. Many of
these systems use a ā€œwet methodā€, in which lime in the
form of a lime milk suspension is used as a ā€œdetergentā€.
The untreated flue gas is sprayed with the lime milk
suspension in a scrubbing tower. The sulphur dioxide
contained in the exhaust fumes is largely absorbed through
a chemical reaction, the end product of which is gypsum.
For an efficient flue gas scrubbing process, it is important
that the concentration ā€“ therefore the density ā€“ of the lime
milk remains constant.
Density measurement with MINITRAC 31
The fine particles in the lime milk are very abrasive, so
a non-contact density measurement with MINITRAC 31
is the ideal solution. The instrument measures with high
precision directly and contactlessly through the pipe-
line without any intervention in the closed system being
required.
Source holder VEGASOURCE 31
This source holder serves as a receptacle for the radioac-
tive source. It offers the best possible shielding and allows
the focussed radiation to exit in only one direction. The
medium, the pipeline and the source holder itself are not
contaminated by the weak gamma radiation emitted.
MINITRAC 31
ā€¢	Measurement of density from
outside the pipe
ā€¢	Reliable function even under
extreme process conditions
ā€¢	Maintenance-free
VEGASOURCE 31
ā€¢	Focuses the radioactive
radiation in the direction of the
medium
ā€¢	Protects the surroundings
from gamma rays
17
Level measurement with VEGADIF 65
Due to the difficult process conditions in the washing
column, such as turbulent medium surface, negative pres-
sure and aggressive substances, the differential pressure
transmitter VEGADIF 65 is used for level measurement.
This instrument is especially suitable since it operates
completely unaffected by these process conditions. The
version with chemical seal system and capillary lines also
allows front-flush installation and the use of high-resistance
diaphragm materials.
Flue gas scrubbing in the washing column
In the waste incineration process, many pollutants are
set free through the flue gas. The gas must therefore be
cleaned before it is released into the environment. Harmful
acidic gases like sulphur dioxide are dissolved out in the
flue gas scrubber. This is done by spraying lime-water
solution into the gas in a washing column. The lime
residues are filtered out of the washing water and used as
a raw material, e.g. for the production of gypsum plaster-
board. A constant level is required in the flue gas scrubber
for a continuous cleaning process.
VEGADIF 65
ā€¢	High chemical stability
through tantalum diaphragm
ā€¢	Reliable function even with
turbulent medium surface
ā€¢	Front-flush mounting
18
Flue gas scrubber
Level measurement in the fly ash silo with
VEGAPULS 68
The ash particles in the flue gas are filtered out with large elec-
trostatic filters and stored in part in very large silos. In those
silos that can be up to 75 m high, non-contact measurement
of the contents with a VEGAPULS 68 radar sensor is the ideal
solution. All types of fly ash can be measured reliably with it.
Level measurement in the lime silo with
VEGAFLEX 61
Due to extreme dust generation during filling and fluctuating
moisture content, the microwave measuring technique is ideally
suited for level measurement in the lime silo. The VEGAFLEXĀ 61
is a simple and cost-effective solution for containers up to
15Ā m height.
To avoid the excessive loads on silo roof and measuring equip-
ment that are associated with higher silos, the implementation
of a non-contact measurement setup with VEGAPULS 68 is
recommended.
Lime and fly ash silo
Lime for the production of lime milk for flue gas desulphuri-
zation must be stored in silos. The fly ash filtered out of the
flue gases must also be stored in large silos. Silo heights
of up to 60 m are not uncommon. Depending on their
composition and consistency, the media has a tendency to
adhere to system equipment. A reliable level measurement
is thus absolutely essential for trouble-free storage and
material planning.
VEGAFLEX 61
ā€¢	High chemical stability
ā€¢	High functional safety (SIL2)
ā€¢	Setup without filling
VEGAPULS 68
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Setup without filling
ā€¢	Measuring range up to 75 m
19
Energy production from waste
Flow metering of combustion air with
VEGADIF 65
The Venturi section of the main air tube is a defined
constriction in which the pressure decreases by a few
millibars. A VEGADIF 65 with small measuring range
measures this pressure drop with high accuracy and
calculates the air flow quantity from it.
Pressure measurement of combustion air
with VEGABAR 52
A slight underpressure is continuously maintained in the
furnace so that sufficient air is sucked in for the combus-
tion process. This is controlled by measuring the air pres-
sure in the respective main air tube with a VEGABAR 52
pressure transmitter. Pressures between 25 and 60 mbar
are measured here.
Feed system for waste incineration
In the waste incineration process, a defined quantity of
waste material is transported through the furnace on a
combustion grate. To ensure that the waste is completely
burned, a temperature of +1000Ā Ā°C must be reached
and a defined quantity of air supplied to the combustion
chamber. The air quantity and the air pressure must be
measured exactly to regulate the furnace.
VEGABAR 52
ā€¢	High overload resistance
ā€¢	Exceptional vibration
resistance
VEGADIF 65
ā€¢	Metallic differential pressure
measuring cell
ā€¢	Small measuring ranges down
to 10 mbar
ā€¢	Accuracy class 0.1 (SIL2)
20
Wind energy
Dry run protection with VEGASWING 51
The great weight of the rotor places heavy demands on all
components of the bearings and gear train assembly. Dry
run or even inadequate oil lubrication of the gear mecha-
nism would have catastrophic effects on the service life of
the entire system. VEGASWING 51 offers a cost-effective
way to safeguard the system from dry run damage. With
its only 40 mm long tuning fork, the instrument fits into any
oil container, regardless of what design. Its exact switching
function is millimetre precise and ensures lasting, mainte-
nance-free operation of the wind power plants.
Gear oil sump
Wind turbines with a diameter of 70 m are no rarity these
days. Whether in the sea, on level plains or on the hills of
low mountain ranges, these giants are popping up almost
everywhere. The large investments required for these
plants are only worthwhile when the internal power gener-
ating equipment has a high availability and a long service
life. Lubrication of all moving parts is one of the most
important functions in the generator housing. If it fails, the
service life can be considerably reduced, and with it, the
profitability of the entire system.
VEGASWING 51
ā€¢	Process-independent
switching point
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	High reliability
ā€¢	Extensive function monitoring
21
Hydroelectric energy
Detection of settled debris with VEGAVIB 62
VEGAVIB 62 is ideal for solid matter detection under water
and therefore a real alternative to radiation-based level detec-
tion. When the vibrating rod is covered with sediment under
water, a switching command is issued. Through this the
flushing process can be automated. Cyclic flushing can thus
be eliminated, which contributes to optimal turbine exploita-
tion. The vibrating rod is provided with a cover to protect it
against abrasion and impact from rocks in the sediment.
Level measurement at the intake with
VEGAPULS WL 61
The VEGAPULS WL 61 sensor measures how much water is
in the catchment. Mounted over the inlet to the catchment, it
measures the current level with high precision. An absolutely
wear and thus maintenance-free operation is guaranteed
through the non-contact measurement.
Coarse and fine sediment in the water
catchment
In some countries, water power makes a very large contri-
bution to the total electricity production. Hydroelectric
power stations are supplied with water from kilometre-long
tunnels or pipelines from lakes, reservoirs and rivers in the
surrounding area. In order to extend the service life of the
turbines as long as possible, sediment and debris carried
by the water must not be allowed reach the turbine. The
debris is separated from the water in a sedimentation basin
by means of rakes and spillways. To realize automatic
flushing out of the settled debris, a reliable underwater
detection system is required.
VEGAPULS WL 61
ā€¢	Unaffected by temperature
fluctuations
ā€¢	High accuracy
ā€¢	Compact design
ā€¢	Simple setup and
commissioning
VEGAVIB 62
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Ideal rod construction avoids
jamming
ā€¢	Suspension cable up to 80 m
long
ā€¢	Available with external
electronics
22
Hyg
VEGAPULS 62
VEGAPULS 63
VEGAPULS 67
Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Simple installation
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust
ā€¢	High measuring precision
Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Encapsulated antenna system
ā€¢	Front-flush installation
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	High measuring precision
Process temperature: 	-200 ā€¦ +450 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +842 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +160 bar (-100 ā€¦ +16000 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT
	 Flange from DN 50 or ANSI 2"
Measuring range: 	 up to 35 m (115 ft)
Process temperature:	 -200 ā€¦ +200 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +392 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +16 bar (-100 ā€¦ +1600 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Flanges from DN 50 or ANSI 2"
Measuring range: 	 up to 35 m (115 ft)
Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solids
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Encapsulated antenna system
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust
ā€¢	High measuring precision
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +176 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +2 bar (-100 ā€¦ +200 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Flanges from DN 80 or ANSI 3"
	 or mounting strap
Measuring range:	 up to 15 m (49 ft)
Instrument overview
The pictured instruments are standard models.
23
Hyg
VEGAPULS 68
VEGAPULS WL 61
VEGAFLEX 61
Hygienic standardsExplosion protection Safety standards
TDR sensor for continuous level measurement
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Independent of product properties
ā€¢	Insensitive to dust, steam, buildup and condensate
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	High measuring precision
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +40 bar (-100 ā€¦ +4000 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread from GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT	
	 Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1"
Measuring range: 	 Cable up to 32 m (105 ft)
	 Rod up to 4 m (13 ft)
Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solids
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Simple installation
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust
ā€¢	High measuring precision
Process temperature: 	-200 ā€¦ +450 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +842 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +160 bar (-100 ā€¦ +16000 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT
	 Flanges from DN 50 or ANSI 2"
Measuring range:	 up to 75 m (246 ft)
Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Simple installation
ā€¢	High protection rating IP 66/68 (2 bar)
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-40ā€¦ +176 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +2 bar (-100 ā€¦ +200 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread G1Ā½ A
	 Flanges from DN 80 or ANSI 3"
	 or mounting strap
Measuring range:	 up to 15 m (49 ft)
24
VEGAFLEX 62
VEGAFLEX 66
VEGAVIB 62
Instrument overview
The pictured instruments are standard models.
TDR sensor for continuous level measurement
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Independent of product properties
ā€¢	Insensitive to dust, steam, buildup and condensate
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	High measuring precision
Process temperature:	 -200 ā€¦ +400 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +752 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +400 bar (-100 ā€¦ +40000 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT
	 Flanges from DN 40 or ANSI 2"
Measuring range: 	 Cable up to 32 m (105 ft)
	 Rod up to 6 m (20 ft)
	 Coax up to 6 m (20 ft)
TDR sensor for continuous level measurement of heavy bulk solids
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Independent of product properties
ā€¢	Insensitive to dust, steam, buildup and condensate
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	High measuring precision
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +40 bar (-100 ā€¦ +4000 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread from G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT
	 Flanges from DN 50 or ANSI 2"
Measuring range: 	 Cable up to 60 m (197 ft)
	 Rod up to 6 m (20 ft)
Vibrating level switch with suspension cable for granulated bulk solids
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Product-independent switching point
ā€¢	Optimal rod construction avoids deposits and jamming
ā€¢	Simple cleaning
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +16 bar (-100 ā€¦ +1600 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread from G1 A or 1 NPT
	 Flanges from DN 32 or ANSI 1Ā½"
Probe length: 	 up to 80 m (262 ft)
25
Hyg
Hyg
Hyg
VEGASWING 51
VEGASWING 61, VEGASWING 63
VEGACAP 65
Capacitive cable measuring probe for point level detection
ā€¢	Service-proven, robust and maintenance-free
ā€¢	High functional reliability
ā€¢	Simple installation and commissioning
ā€¢	Shortenable measuring probe
Process temperature: 	-50 ā€¦ +200 Ā°C (-58 ā€¦ +392 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +64 bar (-100 ā€¦ +6400 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread from G1 A or 1 NPT
	 Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1"
Measuring range: 	 up to 32 m (105 ft)
Vibrating level switch for liquids
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Product-independent switching point
ā€¢	Very high reproducibility
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	Very small installation dimensions
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +64 bar (-100 ā€¦ +6400 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread from GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT
Hygienic standardsExplosion protection Safety standards
Vibrating level switch for liquids (VEGASWING 63 with tube extension)
ā€¢	Setup without adjustment
ā€¢	Product-independent switching point
ā€¢	Very high reproducibility
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
Process temperature: 	-50 ā€¦ +250 Ā°C (-58 ā€¦ +482 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +64 bar (-100 ā€¦ +6400 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 Thread from GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT
	 Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1"
Probe length: 	 Version VEGASWING 63 up to 6 m (20 ft)
26
Hyg
Hyg
VEGAMIP T/R 61
VEGABAR 52
VEGAWELL 52
Suspension pressure transmitter for level measurement of liquids
ā€¢	Dry, ceramic-capacitive CERTECĀ®
measuring cell
ā€¢	High abrasion and overload resistance
ā€¢	Integrated overvoltage protection
Process temperature: 	-20 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-4 ā€¦ +176 Ā°F)
Process fitting: 	 Straining clamp
	 Threaded fitting G1 A or 1 NPT and G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT
	 Thread GĀ½ A or Ā½ NPT and G1 A or 1 NPT
Measuring range: 	 +0.1 ā€¦ +25 bar (+10 ā€¦ +2500 kPa)
Pressure transmitter with CERTECĀ®
measuring cell
ā€¢	Dry, ceramic-capacitive sensor element
ā€¢	High measuring precision
ā€¢	Extremely high overload and vacuum resistance
ā€¢	Very small measuring ranges
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F)
Process fitting: 	 Manometer connection GĀ½ A
	 Thread from GĀ½ A or Ā½ NPT
	 Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1"
	 Fittings for the food and paper industries
Measuring range: 	 +1 ā€¦ +72 bar (+100 ā€¦ +7200 kPa)
Instrument overview
Microwave barrier for point level detection in bulk solids and liquids
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Ideal for rough process conditions
ā€¢	Unaffected by changing product properties
ā€¢	Wear and maintenance-free
ā€¢	Simple instrument adjustment
Process temperature: 	-40 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +176 Ā°F)
Process pressure: 	 -1 ā€¦ +4 bar (-100 ā€¦ +400 kPa)
Process fitting: 	 from G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT
	 Collar flange ANSI 3"
The pictured instruments are standard models.
27
Hyg
Hyg
VEGADIF 65
MINITRAC 31
VEGASOURCE 31
Differential pressure transmitter with metallic measuring diaphragm
ā€¢	Very good reproducibility and long-term stability
ā€¢	Measurement deviation < 0.075ā€‰%
ā€¢	High-resistance diaphragm materials
Radiation based sensor for density measurement and point level detection
ā€¢	NaI detector integrated in the sensor housing
ā€¢	Non-contact measurement
ā€¢	Reliable measurement under extreme process conditions
ā€¢	Simple retro-installation without interrupting the process
Process temperature:	 Basic version 	 -40 ā€¦ +85 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +185 Ā°F)
	 Chemical seal 	 -40 ā€¦ +400 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +752 Ā°F)
Process fitting:	 Basic version 	 NPT Ā¼-18 acc. to IEC 61518
	 Chemical seal 	 Flanges from DN 32 or ANSI 2"
	 Hygienic fittings from DN 32 or ANSI 2"
Ī”p measuring range: 	 0.01 ā€¦ 40 bar (1 ā€¦ 4000 kPa)
Process temperature: 	any
Process pressure:	 any
Ambient temperature:	 -50 ā€¦ +60 Ā°C (-58 ā€¦ +140 Ā°F)
Measuring precision:	 Ā±0.1 %
Source holder for radioactive source
ā€¢	Best possible shielding with low container weight
ā€¢	Simple exchange of radioactive source
ā€¢	Focusing of radioactive radiation on the detector
ā€¢	Optional with pneumatic switching on and off
ā€¢	Also available as fire-proof version
Process temperature:	 any
Process pressure: 	 any
Process fitting:	 Flange DN 100 or ANSI 4"
Ambient temperature:	 -40 ā€¦ +200 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +392 Ā°F)
Hygienic standardsExplosion protection Safety standards
28752-EN-104020
VEGA Grieshaber KG
Am Hohenstein 113
77761 Schiltach
Germany
Phone	+49 7836 50-0
Fax	 +49 7836 50-201
E-mail	 info@de.vega.com
www.vega.com
Marschner+KĆ¼hn
Tel: +44 (0)191 490 1547
Fax: +44 (0)191 4775371
Email: northernsales@thorneandderrick.co.uk
Website: www.heattracing.co.uk
www.thorneanderrick.co.uk

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VEGA Pressure & Level Measurement - Power Generation Applications

  • 1. Industry Information ā€“ Power Generation Measurement technology for efficient power generation Tel: +44 (0)191 490 1547 Fax: +44 (0)191 477 5371 Email: northernsales@thorneandderrick.co.uk Website: www.heattracing.co.uk www.thorneanderrick.co.uk
  • 2. 2 VEGA sets the standard in the energy industry 3 Partnership for a demanding sector 4 plicsĀ® ā€‰ā€“ easy is better 6 Adjustment and system integration 8 Application examples: Fuel storage 10 Fuel transport 12 Fresh water extraction 13 Feedwater 14 Flue gas scrubber 16 Energy production from waste 19 Wind energy 20 Hydroelectric energy 21 Instrument overview 22 Contents
  • 3. 3 VEGA sets the standard in the energy industry The right technology for every application Instruments from VEGA provide reliable data on volume, level and pressure. From the storage of bulk coal and supplementary combustibles, to water extraction from rivers, water treatment and water catchment at the hydro- electric power station, VEGA instruments are used in all processes of power generation. For safety-related appli- cations, such as the monitoring of feedwater vessels or level measurement in storage containers holding acids and lyes, SIL-qualified instruments are also available. Modular and cost effective: plicsĀ® plicsĀ® is VEGAā€™s unique modular instrument system. It allows the user to create a tailored combination of sensor, process fitting, electronics and housing. With this system you can choose exactly the measurement technology you really need. The simple, standardized adjustment system helps you put the instrument into operation quickly and efficiently. Reliability for power generation ā€¢ Robust housings of plastic, aluminium and stainless steel for use under rough environmental conditions ā€¢ All sensors available with Ex ia or Ex d approvals ā€¢ Instruments with SIL classification for highest availability and operational safety ā€¢ All common mechanical and electrical process interfaces available ā€¢ Extensive information memory and asset management functions in the sensors for anticipatory servicing and maintenance ā€¢ Solutions for remote data transmission (wireless) VEGAā€™s range of products and services for the measurement of level, point level and pressure are setting the standard in all processes of the energy industry. Thatā€™s because VEGA systematically combines the latest technologies with comprehensive industry- specific knowledge. The companyā€™s guiding principle has absolute priority: long-term, fair collaboration, based on high esteem for products and people.
  • 4. 4 Partnership for a demanding sector Uninterrupted availability of electrical energy is one of the most important factors for a successful economy. Consequently, very heavy demands are placed on instrumentation. Reliability, safety and profitability ā€“ those are the most important demands made of measuring instruments. VEGA instru- ments fulfil these requirements and provide high availability, operational safety and profitability in production. Reliability under adverse conditions The energy industry places very high demands on housings, electronics and sensors. Because all compo- nents can be configured specifically for the expected conditions, this is no problem for VEGA. The robust housings deliver a convincing performance in the operating environment. The sensors and antennas withstand temperatures up to +400 Ā°C and are highly resistant against acids and alkalis. The basis for this performance is the use of high resistance materials like stainless steel, Hastelloy, tantalum, PTFE or enamel. Always the right measurement technology As a traditional manufacturer with decades of experience in the area of level, point level and pressure measurement, VEGA offers measurement technology optimized for this industrial sector. With a background of proven service, VEGA sensors lend themselves very well for instrumen- tation in new plants, as well as modernization projects. Self-monitoring sensors with asset management functions increase availability and operational reliability over the long term.
  • 5. 5 Reliability also in changing media Whether the media are liquids, bulk solids or gases ā€“ the properties of the measured media couldnā€™t be more different. From coarse, fine, caking or abrasive bulk solids to viscous, adhesive, corrosive or ultra-pure liquids, to cold or hot gases, VEGA can always provide a customized solution that delivers reliable measurement data. Measurement technology that fits Whether in simple storage tanks, above open basins, in bunkers or in process vessels ā€“ the wide spectrum of physical measuring principles allows any measurement problem to be solved. VEGA also offers suitable process fittings for any type of vessel or pipe. In addition, all current standards for signal transmission are available for the sensors.
  • 6. 6 Hyg plicsĀ® ā€‰ā€“ easy is better Radar Ultrasonic Guided microwave VibrationCapacitive Microwave barrier Process pressure Differential pressure Indicating and adjustment module Electronics Housing Process fitting Sensor PLICSCOM VEGACONNECT 4 ā€¦ 20 mA/ HART Profibus PA Foundation Fieldbus Level switch Thread Flange Hygienic connection Customer- specific HydrostaticHygienic standards Ship approvals Explosion protection Safety standards Plastic AluminiumStainless steel Aluminium double chamber Plastic double chamber Stainless steel double chamber
  • 7. 7 Trend-setting measurement technology orientates itself around the people who use it. Thatā€™s why we developed plicsĀ® ā€“ the worldā€™s first modular product system for instrumen- tation. Every one of our sensors is custom built from plicsĀ® components and optimally fulfils the requirements of the industry and its specific applications. Simpler planning with plicsĀ® Being able to select and combine sensor, process fitting, electronics and housing without restrictions simplifies instru- ment selection and engineering for applications in machines and systems. Cost reduction with plicsĀ® thus starts already in the planning stage. Clear advantages for the plant builder Short delivery times, uncomplicated connection and fast setup and commissioning save the plant builder a lot of time and expense. The construction, wiring and setup of VEGA instruments are always the same, so whoever knows this can readily install and operate any plicsĀ® measurement tech- nology and application. Assistance for the user plicsĀ® delivers a convincing performance in daily use because of its high operational reliability, simplified maintenance and the reduced replacement part stocks resulting from designs using many identical components. In this area, the consist- ency of technology and operation simplifies and accelerates work with different plicsĀ® instruments. Adjustment always follows the same concept and is carried out via the menu- driven procedures in PLICSCOM, via on-site adjustment with a PC or via the control room. plicsĀ® ā€“ bundled energy Particularly in the energy industry, safety, profitability and uninterrupted availability are considered the most important criteria for the selection of sensors. plicsĀ® offers the best prerequisites for maximum product quality, as well as reliable and exact measurements. Perfectly adapted to the needs of the industry, the measurement instrumentation makes a significant contribution to safeguarding energy supplies. ā€¢ Robust sensors also for rough environments ā€¢ Extensive self-monitoring and qualification up to SIL2 ā€¢ All common interfaces for connection to existing processes ā€¢ Time savings through simple setup and commissioning with intuitive user surface
  • 8. 8 On-site instrument adjustment with PLICSCOM The indicating and adjustment module PLICSCOM can be plugged into any plicsĀ® instrument at any time. It functions as a measured value indication on the instrument and as an on-site adjustment device. The structure of the adjustment menu is clearly organized and makes setup and commissioning easy. In addition, the status messages are displayed in clear, readable text. When an instrument is exchanged, PLICSCOM ensures fast availability of the measuring point: all sensor data are saved by pressing a key on the PLICSCOM and later copied into the replacement sensor. Where man and machine meet: Adjustment and system integration
  • 9. 9 P R O F I B U S PROCESS FIELD BUS FDT/DTM technology is an innovative, manufacturer- independent description technology for field instruments. Complex field instruments can be operated as easily with laptop computers and PCs as with the current engineering and operating environments of control systems. With DTMs, the sensors are configurable down to the last detail and important adjustments can be carried out easily and quickly. As a system-independent operating system for DTMs, PACTware is the first choice for many field device manufacturers. VEGA also delivers the corresponding field device descriptions for system environments that depend on EDD description technology. All current standards for measurement data transmission VEGA offers practice-oriented solutions: from the proven 4 ā€¦ 20 mA/HART measured value transmis- sion to fieldbus technologies like Profibus PA or Foundation Fieldbus to wireless transmission. When it comes to point level detection, the selection ranges from contactless electronic switch to relay, transistor and NAMUR signal. Instrument adjustment via PC and control system Communication at all levels VEGA supports all important standards for uniform, centralized field instrument operation. If the field instru- ments are integrated in primary management or control systems, they can be accessed for adjustment, servicing and diagnosis purposes via the existing infrastructure. Both DTM as well as EDD description technologies are supported.
  • 10. 10 Coal bunker in a power station Hard coal and brown coal are the main energy carriers in coal-fired power plants. Delivered by ship or by train, the coal is unloaded into bunkers up to 30 m high. The coal is transported from these bunkers to the stockpiles of the power plant via overground or underground conveyor belt systems. Additional conveyor belts feed, often via interme- diate bunkers, pulverizer mills where the coal is converted into a fine dust for subsequent combustion in the furnace. Reliable level measurement guarantees uninterrupted feeding of the furnaces and point level sensors prevent overfilling in the bunkers. Level measurement in the coal bunker with VEGAPULS 68 The radar sensor VEGAPULS 68 is just the right thing for places where thereā€™s a lot of dust and no contacting meas- uring technique holds up for any length of time. Developed especially for measuring bulk solids, it offers all the advan- tages of non-contact level measurement. VEGAPULSĀ 68 measures the level reliably even under conditions of extreme dust generation. Several VEGAPULS 68 are imple- mented depending on the size and number of the loading points. Overfill protection with VEGACAP 65 Ruggedness is extremely important in the coal bunker. Thatā€™s why capacitive measurement technology lends itself well here for overfill protection. VEGACAP 65 stands out due to its stable, hard-wearing mechanical construction and simple setup and commissioning. Neither condensate nor buildup can affect its reliability as an overfill protection device. VEGACAP 65 ā€¢ Simple setup and commis- sioning ā€¢ Robust construction ā€¢ Shortenable cable measuring probe ā€¢ Insensitive to buildup VEGAPULS 68 ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Setup and commissioning without filling ā€¢ Insensitive to dust ā€¢ Measuring range up to 75 m Fuel storage
  • 11. 11 Silos for supplementary fuels Whether in the coal power station or in the waste incinera- tion plant: meat and bone meal and dried sewage sludge now form an integral part of electricity generation and district heating systems. About 5 % meat-and-bone meal and approx. 2 % dried sludge are added to the coal dust. These supplementary fuels are stored in silos. A continu- ous measurement of the silo contents ensures uninter- rupted feeding of the combustion chambers. Minimum and maximum sensors detect overfilling, blockages or empty operation. VEGAFLEX 62 for level measurement The robust construction of VEGAFLEX 62, which permits tensile forces of up to three tons, allows its use in up to 60 m high containers and silos for supplementary fuels. Being completely insensitive to buildup and strong dust generation, VEGAFLEX 62 is the ideal sensor for continuous level measurement. Already calibrated to the sensor length at the factory, the instrument requires no adjustment on site. VEGAVIB 62 for level detection The VEGAVIB 62 is used for level limitation in the meat-and- bone meal silo. This overfill protection system with suspen- sion cable extension renders reliable service here. VEGAVIB 61 as minimum sensor The VEGAVIB 61 is installed laterally and used as low-level indicator in the meat-and-bone meal silo. It also takes on an important role in blockage detection at the transfer stations of the conveyance systems. VEGAFLEX 62 ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Insensitive to dust and baked-on deposits ā€¢ Shortenable cable measuring probe up to 60 m long VEGAVIB 61 ā€¢ Ideal rod design for bulk solids ā€¢ Setup without filling ā€¢ Can be installed in any position ā€¢ Reliable function monitoring VEGAVIB 62 ā€¢ Overfill protection system with suspension cable extension ā€¢ Ideal rod design for bulk solids ā€¢ Setup without filling
  • 12. 12 Fuel transport Belt transfer point The coarse and fine bulk solids are in most cases trans- ported within the power station via conveyor belts. To achieve an even volume flow, belt transfer points are inte- grated in the conveyor system. There, the incoming coal is stored for a short time in a buffer silo. Level monitoring at the belt transfer point is extremely important for conveyor belt and production control. Level monitoring at the belt transfer point with VEGAPULS 67 Due to the good focusing properties of the radar sensor VEGAPULS 67, the filling stream does not have any influence on the measurement. Even in case of intense dust generation the measurement is absolutely reliable. Point level monitoring with VEGAMIP T/R 61 Non-contact level detection is realized with the microwave barrier VEGAMIP. The instrument guarantees absolutely maintenance and wear-free operation. Changes in moisture content, granulation or coal type have no influence on its reliable function. Flexible overfill protection with VEGACAP 65 If a lateral installation isnā€™t possible, VEGACAP 65 is the right solution. Its robust construction permits its use also in coarse, heavy bulk solids and guarantees a long service life. VEGAPULS 67 ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Simple setup and commis- sioning ā€¢ Insensitive to dust, noise and process conditions VEGACAP 65 ā€¢ Very robust construction ā€¢ Simple setup and commissioning ā€¢ Shortenable cable electrode ā€¢ Insensitive to buildup VEGAMIP T/R 61 ā€¢ Independent of product properties ā€¢ Insensitive to dust ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free
  • 13. 13 Water for cooling and feeding Most thermal power stations are situated close to rivers. One of the most important components for power genera- tion can be found there: water. Without water, the thermal energy generated in the combustion process couldnā€™t be converted into electricity or heating transfer. It is used for cooling and for driving the turbines as well as for transporting heat to the end consumer. So it is important that there is always a sufficient supply of that precious resource. Therefore, measurement of the river water level plays an important role in the process of power generation. Level measurement at the water extraction point with VEGAWELLĀ 52 The ceramic diaphragm of VEGAWELL 52 makes the instrument extremely robust and long-term stable. The virtually front-flush measuring cell guarantees reliable operation. Even when heavily soiled or after a long period of dryness, the measuring cell can clean itself due to its surface quality and front-flush design. Non-contact level measurement with VEGAPULS WL 61 Level measurement with radar is not affected by environ- mental factors such as wind, fog, condensate or snowfall. The radar sensor VEGAPULS WL 61 is therefore the ideal solution for non-contact level measurement at the cooling water intake of power stations. It can be simply fastened to the channel wall with a mounting bracket. VEGAWELL 52 ā€¢ Robust construction ā€¢ Extremely long-term stable ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ Simple setup and commis- sioning VEGAPULS WL 61 ā€¢ Independent of weather conditions ā€¢ Compact construction ā€¢ Simple setup and commissioning ā€¢ High protection rating IP 66/68 (2 bar) ā€¢ High accuracy Fresh water extraction
  • 14. 14 Feedwater Level measurement of hydrochloric acid with VEGAPULS 63 In applications with aggressive substances, VEGAPULS 63 is protected from the medium by a surface of PTFE. Thus, acids and alkalis cannot harm it. With flange sizes from DN 50, the instrument fits on any rubberized or plastic storage container in the water treatment system. In the case of plastic containers, VEGAPULS 63 can also measure right through the container ceiling. Overfill protection with PFA coated VEGASWING 63 The PFA coating of VEGASWING 63 allows it to fend off any chemical attack. Its millimetre-exact, reproducible switching point provides security and protects against overfilling. Moreover, the recurring check according to WHG (Water Resources Act) that can be carried out by a simple keystroke on the instrument increases the profit- ability of the system. VEGAPULS 63 ā€¢ Setup without filling ā€¢ Highly resistant, dense PTFE ā€¢ Measurement also through plastic vessel tops ā€¢ Suitable for applications up to SIL2 VEGASWING 63 ā€¢ Process-independent switching point ā€¢ High reliability and functional safety ā€¢ Recurring check via keystroke possible ā€¢ Also ECTFE coated or enameled Feedwater treatment The water, which is usually taken from rivers, cannot be fed untreated into the steam turbine loop. It has to be purified through a series of filtering systems, ionizers and degasers. The pH value of the water must also be correct to avoid chemical reactions and deposits in the pipeline systems. To this end sodium hydroxide (NaOH) or hydrochloric acid (HCL) is added to the water for neutralization. The reliable level measurement and level detection in the tanks ensures high availability of the feedwater.
  • 15. 15 Feedwater for the turbine Feedwater is necessary for all of the circulatory processes in the power station. After being vaporized by circulation through the boiler, it is fed into the turbine under high pressure. If sufficient feedwater is not available, the production of electrical power comes to a standstill. Thatā€™s why measurement instrumentation is often installed redundantly in the feedwater tank. In addition, a gauge glass can be integrated in case a fault results in loss of electrical power. Level measurement in the feedwater tank with VEGAFLEX 66 Unaffected by condensate as well as high process temperatures and pressures, VEGAFLEX 66 guarantees very high measuring certainty and reliability in the bypass. As a part of the safety instrumented system (SIS), it can also be redundantly interconnected with VEGASWING 61 up to SIL3. Safety-related implementation allows both overfill and dry run protection. Redundant dry run protection with VEGASWING 61 To provide absolutely reliable monitoring of the minimum level in the tank, often two, or even three, VEGASWING 61 vibrating level switches are installed. As a single device it can be used as dry run protection in safety-related systems up to SIL2 ā€“ in case of redundant use up to SIL3. VEGASWING 61 ā€¢ Process independent switch- ing point ā€¢ Setup without filling ā€¢ High functional safety (SIL2) ā€¢ Recurring check via keystroke possible VEGAFLEX 66 ā€¢ Independent of product and process characteristics ā€¢ Setup without filling ā€¢ High functional safety (SIL2)
  • 16. 16 Flue gas scrubber Lime milk density measurement To lower their emissions, conventional power stations operate complex flue gas scrubbing systems. Many of these systems use a ā€œwet methodā€, in which lime in the form of a lime milk suspension is used as a ā€œdetergentā€. The untreated flue gas is sprayed with the lime milk suspension in a scrubbing tower. The sulphur dioxide contained in the exhaust fumes is largely absorbed through a chemical reaction, the end product of which is gypsum. For an efficient flue gas scrubbing process, it is important that the concentration ā€“ therefore the density ā€“ of the lime milk remains constant. Density measurement with MINITRAC 31 The fine particles in the lime milk are very abrasive, so a non-contact density measurement with MINITRAC 31 is the ideal solution. The instrument measures with high precision directly and contactlessly through the pipe- line without any intervention in the closed system being required. Source holder VEGASOURCE 31 This source holder serves as a receptacle for the radioac- tive source. It offers the best possible shielding and allows the focussed radiation to exit in only one direction. The medium, the pipeline and the source holder itself are not contaminated by the weak gamma radiation emitted. MINITRAC 31 ā€¢ Measurement of density from outside the pipe ā€¢ Reliable function even under extreme process conditions ā€¢ Maintenance-free VEGASOURCE 31 ā€¢ Focuses the radioactive radiation in the direction of the medium ā€¢ Protects the surroundings from gamma rays
  • 17. 17 Level measurement with VEGADIF 65 Due to the difficult process conditions in the washing column, such as turbulent medium surface, negative pres- sure and aggressive substances, the differential pressure transmitter VEGADIF 65 is used for level measurement. This instrument is especially suitable since it operates completely unaffected by these process conditions. The version with chemical seal system and capillary lines also allows front-flush installation and the use of high-resistance diaphragm materials. Flue gas scrubbing in the washing column In the waste incineration process, many pollutants are set free through the flue gas. The gas must therefore be cleaned before it is released into the environment. Harmful acidic gases like sulphur dioxide are dissolved out in the flue gas scrubber. This is done by spraying lime-water solution into the gas in a washing column. The lime residues are filtered out of the washing water and used as a raw material, e.g. for the production of gypsum plaster- board. A constant level is required in the flue gas scrubber for a continuous cleaning process. VEGADIF 65 ā€¢ High chemical stability through tantalum diaphragm ā€¢ Reliable function even with turbulent medium surface ā€¢ Front-flush mounting
  • 18. 18 Flue gas scrubber Level measurement in the fly ash silo with VEGAPULS 68 The ash particles in the flue gas are filtered out with large elec- trostatic filters and stored in part in very large silos. In those silos that can be up to 75 m high, non-contact measurement of the contents with a VEGAPULS 68 radar sensor is the ideal solution. All types of fly ash can be measured reliably with it. Level measurement in the lime silo with VEGAFLEX 61 Due to extreme dust generation during filling and fluctuating moisture content, the microwave measuring technique is ideally suited for level measurement in the lime silo. The VEGAFLEXĀ 61 is a simple and cost-effective solution for containers up to 15Ā m height. To avoid the excessive loads on silo roof and measuring equip- ment that are associated with higher silos, the implementation of a non-contact measurement setup with VEGAPULS 68 is recommended. Lime and fly ash silo Lime for the production of lime milk for flue gas desulphuri- zation must be stored in silos. The fly ash filtered out of the flue gases must also be stored in large silos. Silo heights of up to 60 m are not uncommon. Depending on their composition and consistency, the media has a tendency to adhere to system equipment. A reliable level measurement is thus absolutely essential for trouble-free storage and material planning. VEGAFLEX 61 ā€¢ High chemical stability ā€¢ High functional safety (SIL2) ā€¢ Setup without filling VEGAPULS 68 ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Setup without filling ā€¢ Measuring range up to 75 m
  • 19. 19 Energy production from waste Flow metering of combustion air with VEGADIF 65 The Venturi section of the main air tube is a defined constriction in which the pressure decreases by a few millibars. A VEGADIF 65 with small measuring range measures this pressure drop with high accuracy and calculates the air flow quantity from it. Pressure measurement of combustion air with VEGABAR 52 A slight underpressure is continuously maintained in the furnace so that sufficient air is sucked in for the combus- tion process. This is controlled by measuring the air pres- sure in the respective main air tube with a VEGABAR 52 pressure transmitter. Pressures between 25 and 60 mbar are measured here. Feed system for waste incineration In the waste incineration process, a defined quantity of waste material is transported through the furnace on a combustion grate. To ensure that the waste is completely burned, a temperature of +1000Ā Ā°C must be reached and a defined quantity of air supplied to the combustion chamber. The air quantity and the air pressure must be measured exactly to regulate the furnace. VEGABAR 52 ā€¢ High overload resistance ā€¢ Exceptional vibration resistance VEGADIF 65 ā€¢ Metallic differential pressure measuring cell ā€¢ Small measuring ranges down to 10 mbar ā€¢ Accuracy class 0.1 (SIL2)
  • 20. 20 Wind energy Dry run protection with VEGASWING 51 The great weight of the rotor places heavy demands on all components of the bearings and gear train assembly. Dry run or even inadequate oil lubrication of the gear mecha- nism would have catastrophic effects on the service life of the entire system. VEGASWING 51 offers a cost-effective way to safeguard the system from dry run damage. With its only 40 mm long tuning fork, the instrument fits into any oil container, regardless of what design. Its exact switching function is millimetre precise and ensures lasting, mainte- nance-free operation of the wind power plants. Gear oil sump Wind turbines with a diameter of 70 m are no rarity these days. Whether in the sea, on level plains or on the hills of low mountain ranges, these giants are popping up almost everywhere. The large investments required for these plants are only worthwhile when the internal power gener- ating equipment has a high availability and a long service life. Lubrication of all moving parts is one of the most important functions in the generator housing. If it fails, the service life can be considerably reduced, and with it, the profitability of the entire system. VEGASWING 51 ā€¢ Process-independent switching point ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ High reliability ā€¢ Extensive function monitoring
  • 21. 21 Hydroelectric energy Detection of settled debris with VEGAVIB 62 VEGAVIB 62 is ideal for solid matter detection under water and therefore a real alternative to radiation-based level detec- tion. When the vibrating rod is covered with sediment under water, a switching command is issued. Through this the flushing process can be automated. Cyclic flushing can thus be eliminated, which contributes to optimal turbine exploita- tion. The vibrating rod is provided with a cover to protect it against abrasion and impact from rocks in the sediment. Level measurement at the intake with VEGAPULS WL 61 The VEGAPULS WL 61 sensor measures how much water is in the catchment. Mounted over the inlet to the catchment, it measures the current level with high precision. An absolutely wear and thus maintenance-free operation is guaranteed through the non-contact measurement. Coarse and fine sediment in the water catchment In some countries, water power makes a very large contri- bution to the total electricity production. Hydroelectric power stations are supplied with water from kilometre-long tunnels or pipelines from lakes, reservoirs and rivers in the surrounding area. In order to extend the service life of the turbines as long as possible, sediment and debris carried by the water must not be allowed reach the turbine. The debris is separated from the water in a sedimentation basin by means of rakes and spillways. To realize automatic flushing out of the settled debris, a reliable underwater detection system is required. VEGAPULS WL 61 ā€¢ Unaffected by temperature fluctuations ā€¢ High accuracy ā€¢ Compact design ā€¢ Simple setup and commissioning VEGAVIB 62 ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Ideal rod construction avoids jamming ā€¢ Suspension cable up to 80 m long ā€¢ Available with external electronics
  • 22. 22 Hyg VEGAPULS 62 VEGAPULS 63 VEGAPULS 67 Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Simple installation ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust ā€¢ High measuring precision Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Encapsulated antenna system ā€¢ Front-flush installation ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ High measuring precision Process temperature: -200 ā€¦ +450 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +842 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +160 bar (-100 ā€¦ +16000 kPa) Process fitting: Thread G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT Flange from DN 50 or ANSI 2" Measuring range: up to 35 m (115 ft) Process temperature: -200 ā€¦ +200 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +392 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +16 bar (-100 ā€¦ +1600 kPa) Process fitting: Flanges from DN 50 or ANSI 2" Measuring range: up to 35 m (115 ft) Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solids ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Encapsulated antenna system ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust ā€¢ High measuring precision Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +176 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +2 bar (-100 ā€¦ +200 kPa) Process fitting: Flanges from DN 80 or ANSI 3" or mounting strap Measuring range: up to 15 m (49 ft) Instrument overview The pictured instruments are standard models.
  • 23. 23 Hyg VEGAPULS 68 VEGAPULS WL 61 VEGAFLEX 61 Hygienic standardsExplosion protection Safety standards TDR sensor for continuous level measurement ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Independent of product properties ā€¢ Insensitive to dust, steam, buildup and condensate ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ High measuring precision Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +40 bar (-100 ā€¦ +4000 kPa) Process fitting: Thread from GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1" Measuring range: Cable up to 32 m (105 ft) Rod up to 4 m (13 ft) Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of bulk solids ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Simple installation ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust ā€¢ High measuring precision Process temperature: -200 ā€¦ +450 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +842 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +160 bar (-100 ā€¦ +16000 kPa) Process fitting: Thread G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT Flanges from DN 50 or ANSI 2" Measuring range: up to 75 m (246 ft) Radar sensor for continuous level measurement of liquids ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Simple installation ā€¢ High protection rating IP 66/68 (2 bar) ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ Unaffected by pressure, temperature, gas and dust Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-40ā€¦ +176 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +2 bar (-100 ā€¦ +200 kPa) Process fitting: Thread G1Ā½ A Flanges from DN 80 or ANSI 3" or mounting strap Measuring range: up to 15 m (49 ft)
  • 24. 24 VEGAFLEX 62 VEGAFLEX 66 VEGAVIB 62 Instrument overview The pictured instruments are standard models. TDR sensor for continuous level measurement ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Independent of product properties ā€¢ Insensitive to dust, steam, buildup and condensate ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ High measuring precision Process temperature: -200 ā€¦ +400 Ā°C (-328 ā€¦ +752 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +400 bar (-100 ā€¦ +40000 kPa) Process fitting: Thread GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT Flanges from DN 40 or ANSI 2" Measuring range: Cable up to 32 m (105 ft) Rod up to 6 m (20 ft) Coax up to 6 m (20 ft) TDR sensor for continuous level measurement of heavy bulk solids ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Independent of product properties ā€¢ Insensitive to dust, steam, buildup and condensate ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ High measuring precision Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +40 bar (-100 ā€¦ +4000 kPa) Process fitting: Thread from G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT Flanges from DN 50 or ANSI 2" Measuring range: Cable up to 60 m (197 ft) Rod up to 6 m (20 ft) Vibrating level switch with suspension cable for granulated bulk solids ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Product-independent switching point ā€¢ Optimal rod construction avoids deposits and jamming ā€¢ Simple cleaning ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +16 bar (-100 ā€¦ +1600 kPa) Process fitting: Thread from G1 A or 1 NPT Flanges from DN 32 or ANSI 1Ā½" Probe length: up to 80 m (262 ft)
  • 25. 25 Hyg Hyg Hyg VEGASWING 51 VEGASWING 61, VEGASWING 63 VEGACAP 65 Capacitive cable measuring probe for point level detection ā€¢ Service-proven, robust and maintenance-free ā€¢ High functional reliability ā€¢ Simple installation and commissioning ā€¢ Shortenable measuring probe Process temperature: -50 ā€¦ +200 Ā°C (-58 ā€¦ +392 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +64 bar (-100 ā€¦ +6400 kPa) Process fitting: Thread from G1 A or 1 NPT Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1" Measuring range: up to 32 m (105 ft) Vibrating level switch for liquids ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Product-independent switching point ā€¢ Very high reproducibility ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ Very small installation dimensions Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +64 bar (-100 ā€¦ +6400 kPa) Process fitting: Thread from GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT Hygienic standardsExplosion protection Safety standards Vibrating level switch for liquids (VEGASWING 63 with tube extension) ā€¢ Setup without adjustment ā€¢ Product-independent switching point ā€¢ Very high reproducibility ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free Process temperature: -50 ā€¦ +250 Ā°C (-58 ā€¦ +482 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +64 bar (-100 ā€¦ +6400 kPa) Process fitting: Thread from GĀ¾ A or Ā¾ NPT Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1" Probe length: Version VEGASWING 63 up to 6 m (20 ft)
  • 26. 26 Hyg Hyg VEGAMIP T/R 61 VEGABAR 52 VEGAWELL 52 Suspension pressure transmitter for level measurement of liquids ā€¢ Dry, ceramic-capacitive CERTECĀ® measuring cell ā€¢ High abrasion and overload resistance ā€¢ Integrated overvoltage protection Process temperature: -20 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-4 ā€¦ +176 Ā°F) Process fitting: Straining clamp Threaded fitting G1 A or 1 NPT and G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT Thread GĀ½ A or Ā½ NPT and G1 A or 1 NPT Measuring range: +0.1 ā€¦ +25 bar (+10 ā€¦ +2500 kPa) Pressure transmitter with CERTECĀ® measuring cell ā€¢ Dry, ceramic-capacitive sensor element ā€¢ High measuring precision ā€¢ Extremely high overload and vacuum resistance ā€¢ Very small measuring ranges Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +150 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +302 Ā°F) Process fitting: Manometer connection GĀ½ A Thread from GĀ½ A or Ā½ NPT Flanges from DN 25 or ANSI 1" Fittings for the food and paper industries Measuring range: +1 ā€¦ +72 bar (+100 ā€¦ +7200 kPa) Instrument overview Microwave barrier for point level detection in bulk solids and liquids ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Ideal for rough process conditions ā€¢ Unaffected by changing product properties ā€¢ Wear and maintenance-free ā€¢ Simple instrument adjustment Process temperature: -40 ā€¦ +80 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +176 Ā°F) Process pressure: -1 ā€¦ +4 bar (-100 ā€¦ +400 kPa) Process fitting: from G1Ā½ A or 1Ā½ NPT Collar flange ANSI 3" The pictured instruments are standard models.
  • 27. 27 Hyg Hyg VEGADIF 65 MINITRAC 31 VEGASOURCE 31 Differential pressure transmitter with metallic measuring diaphragm ā€¢ Very good reproducibility and long-term stability ā€¢ Measurement deviation < 0.075ā€‰% ā€¢ High-resistance diaphragm materials Radiation based sensor for density measurement and point level detection ā€¢ NaI detector integrated in the sensor housing ā€¢ Non-contact measurement ā€¢ Reliable measurement under extreme process conditions ā€¢ Simple retro-installation without interrupting the process Process temperature: Basic version -40 ā€¦ +85 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +185 Ā°F) Chemical seal -40 ā€¦ +400 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +752 Ā°F) Process fitting: Basic version NPT Ā¼-18 acc. to IEC 61518 Chemical seal Flanges from DN 32 or ANSI 2" Hygienic fittings from DN 32 or ANSI 2" Ī”p measuring range: 0.01 ā€¦ 40 bar (1 ā€¦ 4000 kPa) Process temperature: any Process pressure: any Ambient temperature: -50 ā€¦ +60 Ā°C (-58 ā€¦ +140 Ā°F) Measuring precision: Ā±0.1 % Source holder for radioactive source ā€¢ Best possible shielding with low container weight ā€¢ Simple exchange of radioactive source ā€¢ Focusing of radioactive radiation on the detector ā€¢ Optional with pneumatic switching on and off ā€¢ Also available as fire-proof version Process temperature: any Process pressure: any Process fitting: Flange DN 100 or ANSI 4" Ambient temperature: -40 ā€¦ +200 Ā°C (-40 ā€¦ +392 Ā°F) Hygienic standardsExplosion protection Safety standards
  • 28. 28752-EN-104020 VEGA Grieshaber KG Am Hohenstein 113 77761 Schiltach Germany Phone +49 7836 50-0 Fax +49 7836 50-201 E-mail info@de.vega.com www.vega.com Marschner+KĆ¼hn Tel: +44 (0)191 490 1547 Fax: +44 (0)191 4775371 Email: northernsales@thorneandderrick.co.uk Website: www.heattracing.co.uk www.thorneanderrick.co.uk