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User manual ramon

This document provides instructions for using RAMON, a network emulator with multiple PCs and embedded computers. It describes the IP addressing of the emulator machine and embedded devices. It also provides information on required software, usernames/passwords, and example emulation scripts to simulate network conditions between different nodes.

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Hardware Manual, v1.0 USER MANUAL Dr. Edwin A. Hernandez. edwinhm2001@yahoo.com September 2002. Version 1.0. © 2001. Edwin A. Hernandez, University of Florida . All rights reserved. The information in this manual is totally confidential and can only be used by students approved by Dr. Sumi Helal or Dr. Edwin Hernandez.
Hardware Manual, v1.0 RAMON (Rapid Mobility Emulator) RAMON is a network emulator with two PCs and three embedded computers. The “emulator machine” hast four Ethernet cards located at 192.168.1.1, 192.168.2.1, 192.168.3.1, and 192.168.4.2. Each card belongs to a subnetwork with a netmask of 255.255.255.0. The gateway for each subnetwork : 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0, and 192.168.3.0 is the subnetwork .1. Ecah embedded computer has an interface located at /dev/eth0 and with an IP address of 192.168.X.1, where X can go from 1 to 3. The routing table for each embedded device should have a default gw it’s own subnetwork .1. The Home Agent has two Ethernet interfaces, the first interface is connected to the Harris Lab Network. The interface is : 10.3.3.14. The other interface is 192.168.4.1. Therefore the 192.168.X.Y addresses should only be used for management purpouses and all the cards must use by default those addresses. item description Controller 8-portparallel to3/7-bitparallel port Attenuator JFW Industries-50P-1320 7bit0-127dB 0-3GHz Node 1 Cushcraft3dBi omni-directional attenuator Antenna Access Access Point IEEE 802.11bAIRONET-350 Omni-directional Point antenna Emulator Pentium II- 350 MHz 256MB ofRAM/10 GB Harddrive Computer Computer Advantech 8251embeddedcomputer-Cyrix233MHz, 128 MB RAM/ 6GB Hard drive controller Node 2 attenuator Access lpt eth0 Home Omni-directional Point Agent antenna eth1 eth3 Internet Computer Harris Lab eth2 Emulator Node 3 attenuator Access Omni-directional Point antenna Computer Mobile Host (MH) Mobile Host (MH) Laptop PDA - iPAQ Figure 1. RAMON topology and architecture. USERNAME AND PASSWORD FOR RAMON “ALL the users for all the mobile nodes, foreign agents, home agents and the emulator is: root and password: ramon1”
Hardware Manual, v1.0 SOFTWARE REQUIRED FOR RAMON Dynamics Mobile IP In /root directory of HA and EMULATOR (192.168.3.1 or 192.168.1.1).There are enough links for http://www.cs.hut.fi/Research/Dynamics/Dynamics-HUT-Mobile-IP-HOWTO Pay attention to the files dyn1.1, dyn2.1, and so on, which are used by the $ dynfad --config dyn1.1 See the scripts (FA1, FA2, FA3), these scripts change the IP address of the /dev/ eth0 card at the FA and post a new configuration used by the FA for a brief amount of time (depends on the speed of the mobile host). Suggestion: Make a diff of /etc/dynfa.conf with dyn1.1 to see the lines where is different and Those lines are to be changed once we have executed a ifconfig eth0 command. Dynamics Mobile IP with ghost-FA and ghost-MN Simply run the makefile (make g-fa), as well as make g-mn. To see the files untar dynamics-0.8.1a2.tar.gz /home/root on “emulator”. Suggestion: The code is already commented, YOU MUST read the dynamics manual to understand a little bit more for the debugging flags, change configuration parameters and how to see the registration messages on ethereal SIMPLE WIRELESS AND WIRED-NETWORK MODEL (TOPOLOGY EXAMPLE) 192.168.4.1 10.3.3.14 HAgent INTERNET 10Mb/ 10ms 192.168.4.2 1 Mb/ FA2 1 Mb/ FA3 1 Mb/ FA4 1 Mb/ FA5 1 Mb/ FA6 1 Mb/ FA7 1 Mb/ FA8 FA1 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10.0.1.0 10.0.2.0 10.0.3.0 10.0.4.0 10.0.5.0 10.0.6.0 10.0.7.0 10.0.8.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 2. Example to be emulated in the RAMON emulator
Hardware Manual, v1.0 SOFTWARE CONTENT ON HA (Home Agent). By following the instructions on any IPCHAINS-HOWTO for WINDOWS we can setup an internet NAT device on the HA and be hable to use the interface on 10.3.3.14 as a default internet route. http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/IPCHAINS-HOWTO-3.html#ss3.3 Additionally, the HA computer must include the module ip-in-ip, by running the command modprobe ipip the module is loaded by the kernel. (same applyies for all the Foreign Agents), except in the Mobile Node. EMULATOR Since cnistnet is an external package, I suggest you to go to the www.nist.org/ or http://snad.ncsl.nist.gov/itg/nistnet/ to gather more information on how to setup the module for cnistnet how to load it and how to stop/run the Xserver component. Emulator scripts for the topology above. #!/bin/bash echo emulation to mobile node thru IPinIP cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.1.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 30 1 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.2.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 40 1 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.3.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 50 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.4.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 60 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.5.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 70 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.6.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 80 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.7.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 90 3 -- bandwidth 1000000
Hardware Manual, v1.0 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.8.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 100 3 --bandwidth 1000000 echo emulation from home-agent to mobile nodes cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.1.1 --delay 10 1 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.1.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 10 1 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.2.1 --delay 20 2 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.2.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 20 2 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.3.1 --delay 30 3 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.3.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 30 3 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.4.1 --delay 40 4 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.4.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 40 4 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.5.1 --delay 50 5 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.5.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 50 5 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.6.1 --delay 60 6 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.6.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 60 6 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.7.1 --delay 70 7 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.7.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 70 7 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 FOREIGN AGENT 1 #/bin/bash speed = 80 distance = 1000 sleeptime = $(1000/80) echo "FA1 data for speed "$speed ifconfig eth0 10.0.1.1 dynfad --config dyn1.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null echo "Now next hop" ifconfig eth0 10.0.4.1 dynfad --config dyn4.1
Hardware Manual, v1.0 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null " ifconfig eth0 10.0.7.1 dynfad --config dyn7.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null FOREIGN AGENT 2 #/bin/bash speed = 80 distance = 1000 sleeptime = $(1000/80) echo "FA2 data for speed "$speed ifconfig eth0 10.0.2.1 dynfad --config dyn2.1 sleep $sleeptime*3 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null echo "Now next hop" ifconfig eth0 10.0.5.1 dynfad --config dyn5.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null " ifconfig eth0 10.0.8.1 dynfad --config dyn8.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null FOREIGN AGENT 3 #/bin/bash
Hardware Manual, v1.0 speed = 80 distance = 1000 sleeptime = $(1000/80) echo "FA3 data for speed "$speed ifconfig eth0:1 10.0.3.1 dynfad --config dyn3.1 sleep $sleeptime*5 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null echo "Now next hop" ifconfig eth0:1 10.0.6.1 dynfad --config dyn6.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null PRACTICAL PROBLEMS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF RAMON
Hardware Manual, v1.0 74LS374 7 Attenuator 0 LD 74LS374 7 Attenuator 1 D0 D1 D2 D3 LD D4 D5 D6 74LS374 7 Attenuator 2 D7 LD 74HC4051 SEL S0 LDi 0 Auto- IN feed 1 Line 14 LPT1 S1 74LS374 2 SEL 74HC4051 AB 2 2 LD Pseudo Code WriteLPT1(0xxx xxABb); // Select Attenuator <AB> address WriteLPT1(1xxx xxxxb); // Write data to the attenuator Figure 3. Controller for the Attenuator. Timing is very important in this circuitry, observe that you have to use the code bellow to select a port and write a value to the Attenuator. Suggestion: Go to http://www.jfwindustries.com/ and download the worksheet for the Attenuatorl Warning: The Attenuator is VERY sensitive for static CURRENTS, please ground yourself while manipulating the circuitl. Code to Control the Atteunator. /* control.c: very simple example of port I/O * * This code does nothing useful, just a port write, a pause, * and a port read. Compile with `gcc -O2 -o example example.c', * and run as root with `./example'. */
Hardware Manual, v1.0 #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <asm/io.h> #define BASEPORT 0x378 /* lp1 */ #define STATUS BASEPORT+1 #define CONTROL BASEPORT+2 int writePort(int p){ outb(p, BASEPORT); outb(0x00, CONTROL); usleep(1000); outb(0x01, CONTROL); usleep(1000); outb(0x00, CONTROL); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { int i, j; /* Get access to the ports */ if (ioperm(BASEPORT, 3, 1)) { perror("ioperm"); exit(1); } j = atoi(argv[1]); i = atoi(argv[2]); writePort(j); writePort(i); printf(" port %d --> %d n", j, i); } This sample code allows you to select a port 128-255 (in fact only 0 to 2 can be selected) and write a value to the attenuator. Remember that you are using 0-3 in decimal to first select the attenuator and 128-255 to write a value of attenuation. Let’s say you want to select Port 1, and write 0 dB, you do: writePort(1); writePort(128); If you see the circuit, Port 0 is directly connected to the Attenuator, whereas Ports 1 and 2 are inverted. In other words, when selecting 128 will write 0 dB to the Port 0 but will write 0xFF to the ports 1 and 2. It’s a little confusing but you can fix that by adding another inverter to Port 0.
Hardware Manual, v1.0 DEALING WITH LEAKING SIGNALS Hint. You should be able to access the AP1, AP2, AP3 using the http interface, be careful when selecting 100mW or 20dBm. ALL THE APs should have the same CONFIGURATION. If you see the emulation code, only two APs are turned on at the time, whenever one is out of range is simply turned off. In fact, the algorithm in “emulator.c” allows you to select a distance at which each attenuator will be turned off. The program CURL is used as a system call thru the following scripts : Turnoff_1 #!/bin/bash /usr/sbin/curl -s -d "select_ifAdminStatus=2" http://192.168.1.3/cgi- bin/cgiSetupNav?ifIndex=2&dot1dPort=2 >/dev/null 2>/dev/null Turnon_1 #!/bin/bash /usr/sbin/curl -s -d "select_ifAdminStatus=1" http://192.168.1.3/cgi- bin/cgiSetupNav?ifIndex=2&dot1dPort=2 > /dev/null 2>/dev/null We made match also AP1/ANTENNA1; AP2/ANTENNA2, and AP3/ANTENNA3 with 192.168.1.3, 192.168.2.3, and 192.168.3.3 are mapped to the Ethernet interfaces of those access points. Although, these addresses correspond to the IP-layer they are not used for the Layer-2 bridging provided by the AP between the Wireless and the Wired channel. Those addresses are used for management and configuration purposes. Review: emulation.c HOW TO RUN AN EXPERIMENT AND GATHER INFORMATION Print this file as a reference : http://www.cs.hut.fi/Research/Dynamics/dynamics_config_checklis t Also read: http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~rvs/publications/Mobile_IP.pdf 1. Secure Shell to 10.3.3.14. Open 5 Ssh screens 2. Pick the one connected to the Home Agent. Run modprobe ipip. Make sure that the module is loaded by running insmod. 3. Load dynhad
Hardware Manual, v1.0 4. In Home Agent run the script to load the firewall and the rules. a. Should not block any port b. NAT should be activated. 5. Go to the second 10.3.3.14 screen, ssh to emulator 192.168.3.1 (you can use 2.1 and 1.1) also. a. Once here, it’s optional to run cnistnet. Load the module first and then turn on cnistnet and the rules for delays and emulation. b. Go to emulation.c and change speed and range of cells. c. Recompile emulation.c (follow the instructions in the headers). d. We are ready to go for emulation e. Activate the routing information, in other words make sure That all the 192.168.2.0, 192.168.1.0 and 192..168.3.0 subnets can see each other and they can see 10.3.3.14. 6. Go to third screen and ssh to 192.168.2.2 7. NOTE: For all the FA you MUST load modprobe ipip. BEFORE running dynfad. CHANGE FA1, FA2, FA3, according to the speed And cell size values that you chose on EMULATION.C 8. Go to fourth screen and ssh to 192.168.1.2 9. Load dynfad 10. Go to fifth screen and ssh to 192.168.3.2 11. Load dynfad 12. Go to the Mobile Node and load dynmd 13. Load dynfad 14. Now we have three FAs communicating with the HA. 15. you can use dynfa_status at the Foreign AGent 16. you can use dynmn_status at the Mobile Node 17. The screens can be refreshed at t-seconds, see man pages. 18. YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO BE ASSOCIATED TO ONE OF THE SSID=RAMON, you should have in your MOBILENODE The following: a. iwconfig eth0 essid RAMON b. Ifconfig eth0 192.168.4.5 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.4.1 c. You should load dynmnd d. dynmn_status 19. Once you have confirmed association with AP1 or AP2 or AP3, we can do the following; 20. Go to emulator screen on ssh: a. Prepare to run “emulation” b. You will have 10 seconds to synchronize all the other nodes, so don’t run to FA1, FA2, FA3. 21. Go to each FA1, FA2, FA3 screens and respectively type FA1, FA2 and FA3 WITHOUT running the scripts.
Hardware Manual, v1.0 22. After you are ready to go on FA1, FA2 and FA3 and the emulator, YOU can see using --debug, whatever is going on at the Home Agent. 23. Proceed to go to the MOBILE NODE a. AT the Mobile Node, ?YOU MUST BE ABLE To i. Browse ii. Go to ssh to sand.cise.ufl.edu iii. Run tcpdump and tcptrace. READY TO RUN THE EXPERIMENT Our experiment is useless without data: - Proceed to find ethereal and be ready with Tcpdump. (go to the man pages of tcpdump to run it). A) Go to the emulator ssh screen : RUN EMULATION B) Go to the FA1, FA2, FA3 ssh screens: Once the counter has gone from 10 to 9, 8,… 1 run FA1, FA2 and FA3, simultaneously. C) You can sit on the mobile node and see how it handoffs Use dynmn_status for this. D) You can run an FTP file transfer from MN to SAND or TAMPA. Simple from the mobile node run any command Or anything thru RAMON and see how it behaves While it handoffs from cell to cell. E) Wait until the emulation has been completed. F) Grab the file collected with TCPDUMP (a couple of Megabytes) .You can analyze it with ethereal and gather time-sequence plots and any other analysis.

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User manual ramon

  • 1.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 USERMANUAL Dr. Edwin A. Hernandez. edwinhm2001@yahoo.com September 2002. Version 1.0. © 2001. Edwin A. Hernandez, University of Florida . All rights reserved. The information in this manual is totally confidential and can only be used by students approved by Dr. Sumi Helal or Dr. Edwin Hernandez.
  • 2.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 RAMON(Rapid Mobility Emulator) RAMON is a network emulator with two PCs and three embedded computers. The “emulator machine” hast four Ethernet cards located at 192.168.1.1, 192.168.2.1, 192.168.3.1, and 192.168.4.2. Each card belongs to a subnetwork with a netmask of 255.255.255.0. The gateway for each subnetwork : 192.168.1.0, 192.168.2.0, and 192.168.3.0 is the subnetwork .1. Ecah embedded computer has an interface located at /dev/eth0 and with an IP address of 192.168.X.1, where X can go from 1 to 3. The routing table for each embedded device should have a default gw it’s own subnetwork .1. The Home Agent has two Ethernet interfaces, the first interface is connected to the Harris Lab Network. The interface is : 10.3.3.14. The other interface is 192.168.4.1. Therefore the 192.168.X.Y addresses should only be used for management purpouses and all the cards must use by default those addresses. item description Controller 8-portparallel to3/7-bitparallel port Attenuator JFW Industries-50P-1320 7bit0-127dB 0-3GHz Node 1 Cushcraft3dBi omni-directional attenuator Antenna Access Access Point IEEE 802.11bAIRONET-350 Omni-directional Point antenna Emulator Pentium II- 350 MHz 256MB ofRAM/10 GB Harddrive Computer Computer Advantech 8251embeddedcomputer-Cyrix233MHz, 128 MB RAM/ 6GB Hard drive controller Node 2 attenuator Access lpt eth0 Home Omni-directional Point Agent antenna eth1 eth3 Internet Computer Harris Lab eth2 Emulator Node 3 attenuator Access Omni-directional Point antenna Computer Mobile Host (MH) Mobile Host (MH) Laptop PDA - iPAQ Figure 1. RAMON topology and architecture. USERNAME AND PASSWORD FOR RAMON “ALL the users for all the mobile nodes, foreign agents, home agents and the emulator is: root and password: ramon1”
  • 3.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 SOFTWAREREQUIRED FOR RAMON Dynamics Mobile IP In /root directory of HA and EMULATOR (192.168.3.1 or 192.168.1.1).There are enough links for http://www.cs.hut.fi/Research/Dynamics/Dynamics-HUT-Mobile-IP-HOWTO Pay attention to the files dyn1.1, dyn2.1, and so on, which are used by the $ dynfad --config dyn1.1 See the scripts (FA1, FA2, FA3), these scripts change the IP address of the /dev/ eth0 card at the FA and post a new configuration used by the FA for a brief amount of time (depends on the speed of the mobile host). Suggestion: Make a diff of /etc/dynfa.conf with dyn1.1 to see the lines where is different and Those lines are to be changed once we have executed a ifconfig eth0 command. Dynamics Mobile IP with ghost-FA and ghost-MN Simply run the makefile (make g-fa), as well as make g-mn. To see the files untar dynamics-0.8.1a2.tar.gz /home/root on “emulator”. Suggestion: The code is already commented, YOU MUST read the dynamics manual to understand a little bit more for the debugging flags, change configuration parameters and how to see the registration messages on ethereal SIMPLE WIRELESS AND WIRED-NETWORK MODEL (TOPOLOGY EXAMPLE) 192.168.4.1 10.3.3.14 HAgent INTERNET 10Mb/ 10ms 192.168.4.2 1 Mb/ FA2 1 Mb/ FA3 1 Mb/ FA4 1 Mb/ FA5 1 Mb/ FA6 1 Mb/ FA7 1 Mb/ FA8 FA1 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10ms 10.0.1.0 10.0.2.0 10.0.3.0 10.0.4.0 10.0.5.0 10.0.6.0 10.0.7.0 10.0.8.0 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Figure 2. Example to be emulated in the RAMON emulator
  • 4.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 SOFTWARECONTENT ON HA (Home Agent). By following the instructions on any IPCHAINS-HOWTO for WINDOWS we can setup an internet NAT device on the HA and be hable to use the interface on 10.3.3.14 as a default internet route. http://www.tldp.org/HOWTO/IPCHAINS-HOWTO-3.html#ss3.3 Additionally, the HA computer must include the module ip-in-ip, by running the command modprobe ipip the module is loaded by the kernel. (same applyies for all the Foreign Agents), except in the Mobile Node. EMULATOR Since cnistnet is an external package, I suggest you to go to the www.nist.org/ or http://snad.ncsl.nist.gov/itg/nistnet/ to gather more information on how to setup the module for cnistnet how to load it and how to stop/run the Xserver component. Emulator scripts for the topology above. #!/bin/bash echo emulation to mobile node thru IPinIP cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.1.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 30 1 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.2.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 40 1 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.3.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 50 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.4.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 60 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.5.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 70 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.6.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 80 3 -- bandwidth 1000000 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.7.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 90 3 -- bandwidth 1000000
  • 5.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 cnistnet-a 192.168.4.1:128.227.205.228.4 10.0.8.1:192.168.4.5.4 --delay 100 3 --bandwidth 1000000 echo emulation from home-agent to mobile nodes cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.1.1 --delay 10 1 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.1.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 10 1 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.2.1 --delay 20 2 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.2.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 20 2 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.3.1 --delay 30 3 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.3.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 30 3 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.4.1 --delay 40 4 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.4.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 40 4 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.5.1 --delay 50 5 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.5.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 50 5 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.6.1 --delay 60 6 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.6.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 60 6 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 192.168.4.1 10.0.7.1 --delay 70 7 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 cnistnet -a 10.0.7.1 192.168.4.1 --delay 70 7 --bandwidth 1000000 --drop 1 FOREIGN AGENT 1 #/bin/bash speed = 80 distance = 1000 sleeptime = $(1000/80) echo "FA1 data for speed "$speed ifconfig eth0 10.0.1.1 dynfad --config dyn1.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null echo "Now next hop" ifconfig eth0 10.0.4.1 dynfad --config dyn4.1
  • 6.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 sleep$sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null " ifconfig eth0 10.0.7.1 dynfad --config dyn7.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null FOREIGN AGENT 2 #/bin/bash speed = 80 distance = 1000 sleeptime = $(1000/80) echo "FA2 data for speed "$speed ifconfig eth0 10.0.2.1 dynfad --config dyn2.1 sleep $sleeptime*3 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null echo "Now next hop" ifconfig eth0 10.0.5.1 dynfad --config dyn5.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null " ifconfig eth0 10.0.8.1 dynfad --config dyn8.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null FOREIGN AGENT 3 #/bin/bash
  • 7.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 speed= 80 distance = 1000 sleeptime = $(1000/80) echo "FA3 data for speed "$speed ifconfig eth0:1 10.0.3.1 dynfad --config dyn3.1 sleep $sleeptime*5 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null echo "Now next hop" ifconfig eth0:1 10.0.6.1 dynfad --config dyn6.1 sleep $sleeptime*2 ps -e | /usr/bin/grep dynfad | /usr/bin/grep -v grep | /usr/bin/grep -v %s > /t mp/null kill `awk '{print $1}' /tmp/null` 2>/dev/null PRACTICAL PROBLEMS AND IMPLEMENTATION OF RAMON
  • 8.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 74LS374 7 Attenuator 0 LD 74LS374 7 Attenuator 1 D0 D1 D2 D3 LD D4 D5 D6 74LS374 7 Attenuator 2 D7 LD 74HC4051 SEL S0 LDi 0 Auto- IN feed 1 Line 14 LPT1 S1 74LS374 2 SEL 74HC4051 AB 2 2 LD Pseudo Code WriteLPT1(0xxx xxABb); // Select Attenuator <AB> address WriteLPT1(1xxx xxxxb); // Write data to the attenuator Figure 3. Controller for the Attenuator. Timing is very important in this circuitry, observe that you have to use the code bellow to select a port and write a value to the Attenuator. Suggestion: Go to http://www.jfwindustries.com/ and download the worksheet for the Attenuatorl Warning: The Attenuator is VERY sensitive for static CURRENTS, please ground yourself while manipulating the circuitl. Code to Control the Atteunator. /* control.c: very simple example of port I/O * * This code does nothing useful, just a port write, a pause, * and a port read. Compile with `gcc -O2 -o example example.c', * and run as root with `./example'. */
  • 9.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 #include <stdio.h> #include <unistd.h> #include <asm/io.h> #define BASEPORT 0x378 /* lp1 */ #define STATUS BASEPORT+1 #define CONTROL BASEPORT+2 int writePort(int p){ outb(p, BASEPORT); outb(0x00, CONTROL); usleep(1000); outb(0x01, CONTROL); usleep(1000); outb(0x00, CONTROL); } int main(int argc, char* argv[]) { int i, j; /* Get access to the ports */ if (ioperm(BASEPORT, 3, 1)) { perror("ioperm"); exit(1); } j = atoi(argv[1]); i = atoi(argv[2]); writePort(j); writePort(i); printf(" port %d --> %d n", j, i); } This sample code allows you to select a port 128-255 (in fact only 0 to 2 can be selected) and write a value to the attenuator. Remember that you are using 0-3 in decimal to first select the attenuator and 128-255 to write a value of attenuation. Let’s say you want to select Port 1, and write 0 dB, you do: writePort(1); writePort(128); If you see the circuit, Port 0 is directly connected to the Attenuator, whereas Ports 1 and 2 are inverted. In other words, when selecting 128 will write 0 dB to the Port 0 but will write 0xFF to the ports 1 and 2. It’s a little confusing but you can fix that by adding another inverter to Port 0.
  • 10.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 DEALING WITH LEAKING SIGNALS Hint. You should be able to access the AP1, AP2, AP3 using the http interface, be careful when selecting 100mW or 20dBm. ALL THE APs should have the same CONFIGURATION. If you see the emulation code, only two APs are turned on at the time, whenever one is out of range is simply turned off. In fact, the algorithm in “emulator.c” allows you to select a distance at which each attenuator will be turned off. The program CURL is used as a system call thru the following scripts : Turnoff_1 #!/bin/bash /usr/sbin/curl -s -d "select_ifAdminStatus=2" http://192.168.1.3/cgi- bin/cgiSetupNav?ifIndex=2&dot1dPort=2 >/dev/null 2>/dev/null Turnon_1 #!/bin/bash /usr/sbin/curl -s -d "select_ifAdminStatus=1" http://192.168.1.3/cgi- bin/cgiSetupNav?ifIndex=2&dot1dPort=2 > /dev/null 2>/dev/null We made match also AP1/ANTENNA1; AP2/ANTENNA2, and AP3/ANTENNA3 with 192.168.1.3, 192.168.2.3, and 192.168.3.3 are mapped to the Ethernet interfaces of those access points. Although, these addresses correspond to the IP-layer they are not used for the Layer-2 bridging provided by the AP between the Wireless and the Wired channel. Those addresses are used for management and configuration purposes. Review: emulation.c HOW TO RUN AN EXPERIMENT AND GATHER INFORMATION Print this file as a reference : http://www.cs.hut.fi/Research/Dynamics/dynamics_config_checklis t Also read: http://www.iam.unibe.ch/~rvs/publications/Mobile_IP.pdf 1. Secure Shell to 10.3.3.14. Open 5 Ssh screens 2. Pick the one connected to the Home Agent. Run modprobe ipip. Make sure that the module is loaded by running insmod. 3. Load dynhad
  • 11.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 4. In Home Agent run the script to load the firewall and the rules. a. Should not block any port b. NAT should be activated. 5. Go to the second 10.3.3.14 screen, ssh to emulator 192.168.3.1 (you can use 2.1 and 1.1) also. a. Once here, it’s optional to run cnistnet. Load the module first and then turn on cnistnet and the rules for delays and emulation. b. Go to emulation.c and change speed and range of cells. c. Recompile emulation.c (follow the instructions in the headers). d. We are ready to go for emulation e. Activate the routing information, in other words make sure That all the 192.168.2.0, 192.168.1.0 and 192..168.3.0 subnets can see each other and they can see 10.3.3.14. 6. Go to third screen and ssh to 192.168.2.2 7. NOTE: For all the FA you MUST load modprobe ipip. BEFORE running dynfad. CHANGE FA1, FA2, FA3, according to the speed And cell size values that you chose on EMULATION.C 8. Go to fourth screen and ssh to 192.168.1.2 9. Load dynfad 10. Go to fifth screen and ssh to 192.168.3.2 11. Load dynfad 12. Go to the Mobile Node and load dynmd 13. Load dynfad 14. Now we have three FAs communicating with the HA. 15. you can use dynfa_status at the Foreign AGent 16. you can use dynmn_status at the Mobile Node 17. The screens can be refreshed at t-seconds, see man pages. 18. YOU SHOULD BE ABLE TO BE ASSOCIATED TO ONE OF THE SSID=RAMON, you should have in your MOBILENODE The following: a. iwconfig eth0 essid RAMON b. Ifconfig eth0 192.168.4.5 255.255.255.0 gw 192.168.4.1 c. You should load dynmnd d. dynmn_status 19. Once you have confirmed association with AP1 or AP2 or AP3, we can do the following; 20. Go to emulator screen on ssh: a. Prepare to run “emulation” b. You will have 10 seconds to synchronize all the other nodes, so don’t run to FA1, FA2, FA3. 21. Go to each FA1, FA2, FA3 screens and respectively type FA1, FA2 and FA3 WITHOUT running the scripts.
  • 12.
    Hardware Manual, v1.0 22. After you are ready to go on FA1, FA2 and FA3 and the emulator, YOU can see using --debug, whatever is going on at the Home Agent. 23. Proceed to go to the MOBILE NODE a. AT the Mobile Node, ?YOU MUST BE ABLE To i. Browse ii. Go to ssh to sand.cise.ufl.edu iii. Run tcpdump and tcptrace. READY TO RUN THE EXPERIMENT Our experiment is useless without data: - Proceed to find ethereal and be ready with Tcpdump. (go to the man pages of tcpdump to run it). A) Go to the emulator ssh screen : RUN EMULATION B) Go to the FA1, FA2, FA3 ssh screens: Once the counter has gone from 10 to 9, 8,… 1 run FA1, FA2 and FA3, simultaneously. C) You can sit on the mobile node and see how it handoffs Use dynmn_status for this. D) You can run an FTP file transfer from MN to SAND or TAMPA. Simple from the mobile node run any command Or anything thru RAMON and see how it behaves While it handoffs from cell to cell. E) Wait until the emulation has been completed. F) Grab the file collected with TCPDUMP (a couple of Megabytes) .You can analyze it with ethereal and gather time-sequence plots and any other analysis.