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1. Biochemical Markers in
Disease Diagnosis
Prepared: maria mhamad aziz
superviesd: dr.ayad

2. Contense
● Introduction
● objective
● Type of bimarkers
● methodolojy
● discussion
● conclusion

3. Introduction
Biochemical markers, also known as biomarkers,
are substances found in the body that can indicate
the presence of a particular disease or condition.
These markers are typically measured in blood,
urine, or other bodily fluids and can provide
important information about a person's health
status

4. Objectives
1.Biochemical markers play a crucial role in disease
diagnosis by providing valuable information about the
presence and progression of a disease.
2. biochemical markers also help healthcare professionals
3.biochemical markers can also be used to identify
individuals at risk of developing certain diseases.

5. Type of biomarkers

6. Methodolojy
1. Selection of markers: Identify and select specific biochemical markers
that are relevant to the condition or process being studied.
2. Sample collection: Obtain biological samples (e.g., blood, urine, tissue)
from study participants or experimental subjects.
3. Assay development: Develop or select appropriate assays to measure
the levels or activity of the chosen biochemical markers.
4. Data collection: Perform the assays on the collected samples to quantify
the levels of the biochemical markers.

7. Methodolojy
5. Data analysis: Analyze the data to determine the relationship
between the biochemical markers and the condition or process of
interest.
6. Interpretation and reporting: Interpret the findings in the context
of the research question or hypothesis.
7. Validation and verification: Validate the findings through
replication in independent studies or verification using alternative
methodologies.
8. Application and implications: Consider the practical applications
and implications of the findings.

8. Discussion
A biomarker is a measurable indicator of a biological process,
condition, or response to a treatment. These markers can be found
in various bodily fluids, tissues, or cells,
One of the key advantages of using biomarkers is their potential to
provide early and accurate detection of diseases. For example,
certain biomarkers can indicate the presence of cancer cells or the
risk of developing cardiovascular disease long before symptoms
appear. This early detection can lead to timely interventions and
improved patient outcomes.

9. Discussion
Despite their potential benefits, the use of biomarkers also presents challenges
and limitations. For instance, not all biomarkers are specific to a single disease or
condition, and their levels can be influenced by various factors such as age,
gender, and medication use. Additionally, the development and validation of new
biomarkers require extensive research and rigorous testing to ensure their
reliability and clinical utility.
In conclusion, biomarkers are valuable tools in medical research and clinical
practice, offering insights into disease processes and guiding treatment decisions.
As our understanding of biomarkers continues to evolve, their application is likely
to expand, leading to improved diagnostics, treatments, and outcomes for
patients.

10. Conclusions
In conclusion, the use of biochemical markers in
research and clinical applications requires a methodical
and rigorous approach. Ultimately, the application of
biochemical markers can have significant implications
for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment in various fields
of medicine and biology.

11. References
● https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6306977/
● https://australianprescriber.tg.org.au/articles/biochemical-tests-for-abnormalities-in-
pregnancy.html
● https://www.iomcworld.org/open-access/biomarkers-and-disease-diagnosis-
70711.html
● https://en.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biomarker_(medicine)

12. Thanks For listening
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