Warren G. Harding as president eliminated wartime controls, slashed taxes, established a federal budget system, and restored high protective tariffs while imposing limits on immigration. Calvin Coolidge as president refused to use federal economic powers to influence the growing economic boom or help struggling industries like agriculture. His messages to Congress focused on isolationism, tax cuts, fiscal responsibility and limited aid to farmers. Herbert Hoover was appointed head of the U.S. Food Administration during WWI and later oversaw public works expansion and attempts to balance the federal budget after the stock market crash, though the Great Depression occurred under his presidency and led to the formation of shanty towns known as "Hoovervilles".