Understand how atmospheric nitrogen ( N 2 ) is converted to ammonia and subsequently into nitr and nitrates. Be aware of the prokaryotic organisms that participate in nitrogen fixation and denitrification. Be aware of the layers that make up soil and how these layers differ from each other. Understa how the level of biodiversity changes as you go deeper into the soil. Understand how the mois and pH of the soil impacts the nature of the microbes growing in that soil. Understand the difference between freshwater and marine habitats. Understand why most mici in aquatic habitats are found in the biofilms that coat the solid surfaces within these habitats.