During your course of study in the M.Ed. program you have examined.docx
Umass - Final Portfolio Fall 2011
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University of Massachusetts Boston
Capstone Portfolio
Fall, 2011 EDC G 688
To Meet the Requirements of the Graduate Teacher Education Program
Graduate College of Education
Professor: Virginia DiFranza
11/30/2011
By: Gabriel Valerio
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Table of Contents
I. Philosophy of Education: pp. 4-10
II. Self-Evaluation: pp. 11-14
III. Instructional Practices: pp. 15-22
A. Outline of Unit taught during the practicum in Appendix A: pp. 12-18
B. Three detailed Lesson Plans
B.1.1. Introduction to Lesson One: pp. 23-24
B.1.2. Lesson One: Cognates: pp. 25-27
B.1.3. Lesson One Reflection: pp. 28-29
B.1.4. Cognates (Extra material): pp. 30-39
B.2.1. Introduction to Lesson Two: pp. 40-41
B.2.2 Lesson Two: Ordering in a Restaurant: pp. 42-45
B.2.3. Lesson Two Reflection: pp. 46-47
B.2.4. Lesson Two Extra Activities: pp. 48-57
B.2.5. Lesson Two Extra Vocabulary: pp. 58-60
B.2.6. Lesson Two (Useful Phrases): pp. 61-62
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B.3.1. Introduction to Lesson Three: pp. 63-64
B.3.2. Lesson Three: Conjugating Past Tense Verbs in Spanish: pp. 65-67
B.3.3. Lesson Three Reflection: pp. 68-69
B.3.4. Lesson Three Extra Activities: pp. 70-72
C. Three (3) Assessments
C.1.1. Introduction to Initial Assessment: pp. 73-74
C.1.2. Initial Assessment: pp. 75-77
C.1.3. Reflection on Initial Assessment: pp. 78-79
C.2. 1. Introduction to Midterm Assessment: pp. 80-81
C.2. 2. Midterm Assessment: pp. 82-83
C.2. 3. Reflection on Midterm Assessment: pp. 84-85
C.3.1. Introduction to Summative Assessment: pp. 86-87
C.3.2. Summative Assessment: pp. 88-94
C.3.3. Reflection on Summative Assessment: pp. 95-96
D. Examples of 2 students’ work on each assessment:
D.1. Student # 1“Struggling”: Narrative Essay: pp. 97-101
D.1.2. Student # 2
D.1.3. Rubric for one Unit assessment (Labeled) pre---Mid--- or post—
E. Technology Essay: pp. 102-106
F. PPA: 108-119
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Gabriel Valerio
Practicum Seminar
1. Philosophy of Education
I believe that the main goal of educators should be the success of the learner.
Educators need to find positive ways to better teach our students. I believe the utilization
of good strategies is imperative for the well being and success of the students.
My philosophy, as an educator, consists of the progress and success of all my
students. Students need to be MOTIVATED, first from their home including from their
parents, brothers and sisters, all family member). They need motivation from society, and
our school system, including teachers, administrators, and the guidance department.
Motivation is crucial at the moment of learning a second language. As an educator, it is
my responsibility to motivate students, individually, no matter what’s going on in his/her
life. It is my responsibility to motivate them to produce at their highest level. In order to
do these, I need to set up some important strategies that will be crucial in their own
learning progress. I understand that we have many ways to help students learn, but I try to
provide the best way to help all of them to succeed in my particular area, The USA Today
states that:
“Today’s society is indeed and educated, sophisticated one and we must all be
prepared to accept and meet the challenges and opportunities of that erudite society.
Having more than one window open to this vast universe, the student who speaks, reads,
and writes more than one language can broaden his perspectives and horizons and, in this
way, truly better the society in which he lives”.
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As a world language educator, it is my philosophy to immerse my students into
the world of the target language, including its culture, and history. To make my lessons
more understandable, I present it with the new vocabulary, as a strategy to master the
target language. As an educator it is extremely important to present the same vocabulary
to advanced students, new students or students who are struggling in the subject area. My
goal is to make everyone in my classroom able to understand, speak, read, and write in
Spanish. I ask my students to define what each word means, and then, I present the word
with some examples. It is important to be clear in the content and concept when
presenting any lesson plan. Carol Ann Tomlinson and Jay McTighe state in their book
that:
“It is vital to be clear about what is essential in content. Clarity about content
reveals our awareness that human being seek to make sense of their world and that the
big ideas of the disciplines reveal the big ideas of life. Inevitably, to grasp the key
concepts and principles of any subject also helps us better understand ourselves, our
lives, and our world”.
I think that good educators should be clear and specific when presenting their
curriculum to students. A clear presentation of the curriculum could be fundamental and
essential in the progress and success of the student. In developing the curriculum, the
success of the student and knowledge retained by the student, should always be the
curriculum goal. I believe, my responsibility is to create an environment in which all
students should learn the concept and content of the target language simultaneously. I
stress the importance for them to know more than one language. During the school year, I
address this part many times. It is an essential part of my curriculum. I use different
strategies for teaching including demonstrations. I believe that educators should be fluent
in their context in order to teach well.
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Accepting responsibility for learning success is a second strategy that I use as an
educator. The principal goal of any educator should be the student’s success, and their
role that they will play in the society. As an educator I make sure that each individual is
learning. Learning to be good citizens, and, of course, good professionals. It is the
teacher’s responsibility to find good and positive ways to better teach the students.
Teachers need to establish good learning environment. It is important to say that the
classroom environment will be more effective if students come to school with positive
motivation and behavior.
In my philosophy, as an educator, I try to create and develop a community of
respect. Developing communities of respect is the third strategy that I use during my
teaching career. How can respect be a strategy? When I am presenting my lesson to each
individual, I present it with respect. I respect myself, my lesson, and my students. My
target language is Spanish and I address my female students as señoritas and my male
students as señores. They address me as Mr.Valerio, and if they respect mine why not
respect their names. If you give respect you have a bigger chance of receiving it. Students
should, also respect each other, even when making mistakes. I like to question my
students with respect. Respecting their own thinking, and point of view. As stated before,
it is extremely important to create an environment where teachers and students work
together, where teachers and students feel safe, and where everyone accept each other
and collaborate for the common or individual goal. In my classroom I allow my students
and their friends to be together, but they have to be working with respect to the target
language, and challenging each other. Friends in the classroom are not to socialize or talk
about anything else, only about the target language, and talk about the culture involved.
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As a high school educator, for more than fifteen years, (working in the Dominican
Republic, in Chelsea School System, and the last fifteen years, in Saugus High School), I
have met many differences people, cultures, backgrounds driven for one common goal, to
get an education to live a better life.
In my philosophy, as an educator, it is important to create a good relationship
between teachers and students. It is a kind of reciprocal learning. I have the opportunity
to know my students, and they have the same opportunity to know me, and of course,
each other.
Educators need to develop some kind of management routines that contribute to
success. I mean, directions need to be written on the board, material have to be secured,
distributed and collected. Students work needs to be checked or filed.
As a world language educator, I believe to create groups in which students have
the opportunity to read and express what they understand. I like, also, to make them write
a paragraph about what they understood. This part is very important, because students
write about what fascinated them the most. Students, have the opportunity to talk about
what they read, and their understanding. Later during the class, they have to present their
own ideas to me. These kinds of activities give them the skills to communicate inside the
classroom, and more importantly, outside the classroom.
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Finally, as an educator, I like to watch my students working individually. They
have to read, write, and listen in the target language. They have to speak to me and to the
whole class in Spanish. I ask them, also, to work in small groups. For each assignment
that I give, students should have something in mind. They have to collaborate with their
own learning process. I understand the challenge that I face with my students, but this
challenge makes me feel comfortable because I know that I am collaborating with the
success of many of them, and of course, that I am collaborating with their own freedom,
as Paulo Freire, state in his book: “The essence of education as the practice of freedom”.
In summary I implement strategies in my classroom. I mostly say that we,
students and I are implementing different kind of strategies for the well being and success
of students, and for my own success. I feel very happy with the success of my students. It
is philosophy and my unique goal as an educator.
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Bibliography
1. Tomlison, Carol Ann and McTighe, Jay (2006)
Integrating Differentiated Instruction, p. 38
2. The USA Today, 2007. Pg. 10
3. Freire, Paulo (1968) Pedagogy of Oppressed
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Gabriel Valerio
Practicum Seminar
4. Self-evaluation of teaching
The first thing that comes to my head is: Do I want to continue my career as a
teacher spending the rest of my life helping others? I ask myself this question because,
being an effective and real teacher is not an easy job. It takes time, dedication, patience,
love, courage, and a positive attitude. In addition, to be a good teacher a person need to
be creative, responsible, cooperative, and have the ability to accept critiques from
students, parents, colleagues and administrators. I realize that at this point in my career
and education, the only place that I can learn all of these qualities are within the
classroom setting. I can attend seminars and or classes and learn more, however, on the
job training is where I can know whether or not I am an effective, good teacher, and is it
worth my time and effort to continue in with this path. Yes, students (good and bad)
create effective, good teachers. In the classroom not only students learn, teachers learn
too. Teachers learn how to read to students in a teaching manner, that make others
understand what they read. Teachers learn how to write more effectively with practice, as
well as, how to speak better so that their students understand them better. However, one
important thing that all effective good teachers must learn is how to listen. Yes, I think
this is one of the most important parts of teaching. Listen to students tell you where they
are at that moment, physically, mentally and educationally, and where they are going.
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This is one important aspect of education. We, as educators, need to listens our
student voices. We are, in many cases, the only adult that our students can trust;
therefore, we cannot betray the confidentiality that they have with us. We need to be able
to help them at any moment. We cannot live our profession without them, and they
without us. So, we need each other mutually, like we (your students) need you Professor
DiFranza. It doesn’t matter the age of the student or the subject, what matters is the
teacher /student scenario.
I feel that I spend a great deal of time working hand in hand with my students,
trying to get them to trust me enough to educate them and to build my trust with them.
My concern is that I spend a large amount of non school hours doing this and I need to
figure out a way to continue with my goal of teaching yet to find some free time to enjoy
my non professional life. This is something that I personally need to improve upon.
Therefore, I have joined the schools professional learning committee so that my
colleagues can assist me in this area. I believe that teachers also depend on other teachers
or professors, to assist them with the growth process. For example, the other day one of
my colleagues told me that I should write my lessons plans down on one day, and then go
back to them the next day or later, to edit them or adjust them so that I am sure I am
accomplishing my objectives. I began to do this, and now instead of spending hours and
hours trying to reinvent the wheel of my lesson, right after I wrote it and have one way
stuck in my mind, I have a fresh outlook on the lesson, and my critique is more specific
and flows better the next time I look at it. I am now spending on quarter of my time
doing this.
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My opinion about my teaching career is that teachers and students need to work
together in the classroom and outside the classroom to build the new listeners, readers
and writers of the future. Teachers and students need to work together to prepare the
educators of the new generations. I feel that I have over the last twenty years of teaching
I have done this and because I have done this I am a better teacher. I feel that if I can
continue to find a way to stay as dedicated to my students and my school, and continue to
make a difference, and still learn ways to improve upon myself, professionally, yet,
lesson the physical hours I need to dedicate to this job, I will surely continue my career as
an educator. I believe it will all be worth it.
Lastly, as I reflect upon myself, I realize that there is one more professional goal
that I want to accomplish. I would like to continue with my own personal education, and
receive a doctorate in education. Realistically, I know that this goal, for me, will be a
long term goal. It is one that I would like to achieve, when I have more time to emerge
myself into my education, and more time to share my knowledge with others.
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Gabriel Valerio
Unit Grammar/Culture
1. What is the title/topic of the unit?
There are three lessons in this unit. There are one lesson on grammar/culture and two
on Grammar.
II. What is the place of this unit within the curriculum? What is context? How did the
unit originate? Was it modified? Cite relevant sources specifically.
Some people have the opportunity to learn a new language by living in another
country. Most of us, however, begin learning another language and getting acquainted
with another culture in a classroom, with the help of a teacher, classmates, book, and
good lesson plans.
I created this unit plan in order to help my students learn the Spanish language
and about the cultures of the people who speak Spanish. The lessons in this unit are
created to teach in an environment where the teacher and students can work together, as
well as, students sharing their knowledge between themselves and helping each other,
this being what I consider a very important tool of the learning development. Students
can learn easy and quickly with the help of these lessons and the help of the teacher, or
their peers.
These lessons all follow the guidelines that are identified in section III of this
paper, entitled, relevant to the Curriculum Frameworks. My school system does not
currently have a pacing guide for world language, so as educators we are creating a new
template that we will follow. These lesson plans will all be included in these templates
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so that we all are working towards achieving the same goals for the same level (in this
case level 3).
I will be presenting my lessons with the assistance of technology using Power Point
Presentation.
III.Modifications and Accommodations for Diverse Learners
This unit plan is great to work individually or in group, so students can learn the
target language using different modalities. Also, this unit plan is designed to teach the
four proficiency skills or levels: (beginning, developing, intermediate, and advanced)
where students can take advantage of the target language. Also, in this unit plan students
will learn the target language and its culture with the eminent contribution of different
resources such as:
1. Textbook Ven Conmigo
2. Text book Pacesetter Spanish
3. Internet
This unit plan is designed to work in a group of three of four or students can work
individually. The lessons in this unit plan are designed for high school students grades
10th
to 12th
, and some class are mixed with students from, 10th
, 11th
, and 12th
. The
majority of my students (97%) are non-native Spanish Speaker, but the vocabulary use in
this unit is easy to understand.
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This unit plan is a valuable learning tool for non-native Spanish speaker, and
Spanish speaker, too. I really believe that the teacher will incorporate and provide certain
aspects of the Hispanic cultures in order for the students to learn and understand some
topics: (words, phrases…) that were, are, and will be influenced by the Hispanic culture.
The length of time that I will develop this unit plan is two weeks.
During the development of this unit I will make sure to meet the individual objectives of
my students on their particular IEP, and or their 504 Plans.
IV. Identify the relevant MA Curriculum Frameworks. Quote both the numbers
and the standards themselves.
In this unit we will cover some topics which help the students how they can build a
positive image about themselves looking for the example of the other. Also, these lessons
give students a great opportunity to enter in a world where they can find many answers to
their questions that they possible have related with the Hispanic Cultures and grammar
based on the Massachusetts Foreign Language Curriculum Framework:
This unit corresponds to the following strands of the Massachusetts Foreign Language
Curriculum Framework:
1.1 Students engage in conversations, provide and obtain information, express feelings
and emotions, and exchange opinions.
1.2 Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of topics.
1.3 Students present information, concepts, and ideas to an audience of listeners or
readers on a variety of topics.
2.1 Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the practices and
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perspectives of the culture studied.
2.2 Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the products and
perspective of the culture studied.
3.1 Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the
foreign language.
3.2 Students acquire information and recognize the distinctive viewpoints that are only
available through the foreign language and its culture.
4.1 Students demonstrate understanding of the nature of language through comparisons of
the language studied and their own.
5.1 Students use the language both within and beyond the school.
5.2 Students show evidence of becoming life-long learners by using the language for
personal enjoyment and enrichment.
V. What is the unit’s coherence? What holds it together?
• You must include the goals of the unit. What are the big ideas (enduring
understandings: ideas central to the subject matter) that you are trying to
teach or have the students explore? What are the main skills that you are
asking the students to practice? (These goals should also be the focus of your
culminating assessment.)
• If relevant, describe the unifying theme/s of the unit.
• If relevant, include the essential questions (large questions that guide the
study) of the unit.
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The Massachusetts Foreign Language Curriculum, state in its Guiding Principles,
that: “Learning a second language reinforces understanding of one’s first language,
develops communicative competence, strengthens reading and writing skills, and opens
the door to a deeper understanding of and appreciation for richness of diverse cultures”.
That’s why I am teaching this unit; so that my students can begin to master the Hispanic
culture and Spanish grammar.
One of my goals when presenting this unit to students will be to allow each
particular student to think critically, to communicate effectively, and to develop an
appreciation of the world in which we live (Its culture, people, government, religions,
etc). Throughout the development of this unit I will collaborate with the Mission and
Vision for Students in Saugus, Ma. The mission reads as follows: “The Mission of the
Saugus Public Schools is to educate, challenge, and empower students to be life-long
learners and to achieve excellence with integrity in the 21st century as productive, caring,
and contributing members of society… Saugus is a place of excellence where children
are able to achieve their full potential. For Saugus it's more than a place of excellence.
Excellence is a Culture. Everything we do is focused on doing the best for our children
so that they can compete, successfully, in this ever changing global community. It is
about providing a quality education, with the best technologies and skills, that will enable
all children to contribute, survive, in a new world order… The challenge is to ready our
children for the complex world we live in".
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VI. What are the major components of the unit? Please include major areas of
focus, not a day by day outline.
Before I start presenting my grammar/cultural lesson plan, I will encourage
students to do a previous investigation about the topics that I will present to them. I will
then introduce this unit by giving an in depth explanation of it and asking students what
they already know about the Hispanic culture (Dominican Republic), and what they know
about the Spanish grammar: (cognates and past tense in Spanish). I will teach the class
the new vocabulary, past tense conjugations, and then I will call students to help me
decide how to use it in any situation of our life. Students will be reminded and
encouraged to learn each of the particular part of this unit because it would be useful to
them outside of the classroom. This will give students a real understanding of our
presentation.
Lesson 1: (days 1, 2 and 3): How Spanish and English are related? Cognates
Lesson 2: (days 4, 5 and 6): Grammar/Cultural Lesson Plan: Ordering in a restaurant.
Lesson 3: (days 4, 5 and 6): Conjugating Past Tense Verbs in Spanish
Day 10: Class review prior to test in game form (jeopardy)
Day 11: Unit test (assessment)
Each one of these lessons will build upon skills that they have learned prior to this
unit, as well as, skills they have learned within this lesson. They will also need to be able
to speak appropriately in Spanish when ordering their food from the restaurants. This
will utilize their cognates.
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VII. Describe the culminating assessment of the unit. How will students
demonstrate that they have met the unit goals? Will the work of the unit
culminate in a final product? If so, describe that product.
As I state, in my philosophy of education, that the main goal of educators should
be the progress and success of the learner. This, in my opinion, is the essence of our
career: help our students to be good human beings, good citizen and finally, good
professionals.
I designed this unit to help my students understand part of our Hispanic culture
and to gain more knowledge of Spanish grammar.
Assessment: Quizzes on various activities based on specific skills, tests on each skill,
graded role play on Restaurant ordering, internet activities (graded), verbal proof of
cultural knowledge demonstrated during classroom discussions, and homework
assignments.
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Introduction to Lesson One: Cognates
Subject: Spanish III
Topic: Cognates
Lesson 1
Spanish Lesson Plan: Cognates
I. What is your generative topic? Spanish /English vocabulary
What is your essential question? How are Spanish and English
related?
II. Who are your students? My students are in grade 10, 11and 12 and
are in Level 3 Spanish class. The ideal class size for this lesson is
between 18 and 22 students. I do currently have students on an IEP in
this class. However, activities for this lesson plan can be modified for
students on an IEP. In honors courses the students are generally
grouped into classes with other students of like ability.
III. Why are you teaching this lesson? I am teaching this lesson so that
my students will learn about the correlation between the Spanish and
English languages.
IV. What prior knowledge do students bring to this lesson?
Students will use their prior knowledge of Spanish and English
vocabulary to comprehend and communicate the similarities
between the languages.
The lesson will focus on English and Spanish vocabulary that is
similar in sound and meaning.
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Saugus High School
World Language Department
Mr. Gabriel Valerio
Grade: 10, 11 and 12
Subject: Spanish III
Topic: Cognates
Lesson 1
Spanish Lesson Plan: Cognates
Goals: This lesson corresponds to the following strands of the
Massachusetts Foreign Language Curriculum Framework:
1.2 Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a
variety of topics.
3.1 Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines
through the foreign language
5.1 Students use the language both within and beyond the school
Objectives: Students will learn the rules in order to understand some
Spanish and English words that are very similar or share the same root.
Students will also be able to identify false cognates.
Concepts: This lesson incorporates interpersonal and intrapersonal
modalities because students can share information, work together and talk
about Spanish and English cognates.
Language: Students will be able to understand words in Spanish based
upon their connection to English words.
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What are the learning activities that will build student
understanding? For this lesson in the language lab students will utilize the
website www.quia.com and complete exercises 1, 2 and 3. Interactive online
exercises include matching, concentration, word search, flash cards cloze
activity, and battleship game. (25 minutes)
What will be your extension and enrichment activities? Students will use
the dictionary and find 20 additional cognates. (10 minutes)
How are you going to assess students’ understanding? What is your plan
for ongoing assessment of student’s understanding? Teacher will observe
students as they identify all possible cognates. Students will be both
formally and informally assessed for this lesson. Throughout the course of
the class, students will be required to complete additional worksheets as part
of a class participation grade. (10 minutes)
Homework
Homework will be assigned and it will count towards an overall homework
grade.
Materials
1. Textbook: Ven Conmigo
2. Computer
3. Computer Lab
4. Flash cards
5. Video
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This lesson was probably the hardest lesson for the students. At first,
the students need to understand the concept that I was teaching the skill to.
This was difficult for them, mainly due to the fact that most students only
have experience in English, and now Spanish. They had not realized that the
romance languages all share similar components. Once they realized this, it
was then important for them to understand how to apply what they knew.
This required a large amount of effort and focusing on the student’s part.
However, with that being said, I also feel that this lesson, taught the
students the most, in reference to skills learned. I was happy with the
outcome.
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The cognates fall into suffix categories which, for clarity and convenience, have
been grouped under the following terms:
Nouns
Many Spanish nouns can easily be converted into English nouns.
English nouns and Spanish nouns ending in '-or' are very often identical.
#1. -or = -or
English Spanish
• actor
• color
• doctor
• director
• horror
• actor
• color
• doctor
• director
• horror
English nouns and Spanish nouns ending in '-al' are very common identical.
#2. -al = -al
English Spanish
• animal
• general
• hospital
• manual
• moral
• animal
• general
• hospital
• manual
• moral
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Many English nouns ending with '-ist', can be converted into Spanish nouns by
changing to '-ista'.
#3. -ist → -ista
English Spanish
• artist
• egoist
• list
• socialist
• tourist
• artista
• egoista
• lista
• socialista
• turista
#4. -ism → -ismo
English Spanish
• idealism
• despotism
• mechanism
• organism
• optimism
• idealismo
• despotismo
• mecanismo
• organismo
• optimismo
#5. -nce → -ncia
English Spanish
• abundance
• arrogance
• experience
• patience
• intelligence
• abundancia
• arrogancia
• experiencia
• paciencia
• inteligencia
#6. -ty → -dad
English Spanish
• activity
• curiosity
• electricity
• identity
• university
• actividad
• curiosidad
• electricidad
• identidad
• universidad
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#7. -tion → -ción
English Spanish
• association
• combination
• condition
• exemption
• instruction
• asociación
• combinación
• condición
• exempción
• instrucción
English nouns ending with '-y' often corresponds to Spanish nouns ending with '-
ía', '-ia', or '-io'.
#8. -y → '-ía', '-ia', or '-io'
English Spanish
• agency
• agony
• battery
• family
• history
• urgency
• remedy
• salary
• testimony
• dictionary
• agencia
• agonía
• batería
• familia
• historia
• urgencia
• remedio
• salario
• testimonio
• diccionario
Adjectives
Like nouns, many English adjectives can be converted into Spanish simply by
changing the word ending. Here are some useful rules.
#1. -ive → ivo
English Spanish
• active
• decisive
• festive
• effective
• activo
• decisivo
• festivo
• efectivo
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Verbs
There are many English verbs that can be converted into Spanish, usually by
changing the ending of the English verb and adding the Spanish verb suffices
'ar', 'er' or 'ir'.
Almost every English verb ending in '-ate' can be coverted into a Spanish
infinitive by replacing the final '-ate' with '-ar'.
#1. -ate → -ar
English Spanish
accelerate acelerar
accentuate acentuar
aggregate agregar
associate asociar
demonstrate demostrar
estimate estimar
exaggerate exagerar
negotiate negociar
operate operar
participate participar
terminate terminar
Many English verbs ending in VOWEL + CONSONANT + T can be converted
into Spanish verbs by adding '-ar' or '-ir' to the end of the English verb.
#2. VOWEL + CONSONANT + T → '-tar' or '-tir'
English Spanish
insult insultar
consult consultar
exalt exaltar
present presentar
represent representar
comment comentar
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ferment fermentar
lament lamentar
import importar
comport comportar
insert insertar
support soportar
export exportar
convert convertir
insist insistir
Many English infinitive verbs ending VOWEL + CONSONANT + E can be
converted into Spanish infinitive verbs by dropping the final E and adding '-ar'.
#3. VOWEL + CONSONANT + E → VOWEL + CONSONANT + 'AR'
English Spanish
abuse abusar
accuse acusar
cause causar
excuse excusar
admire admirar
adore adorar
compare comparar
declare declarar
implore implorar
analyze analizar
authorize autorizar
civilize civilizar
paralyze paralizar
complete completar
converse conversar
escape escapar
ignore ignorar
invite invitar
imagine imaginar
prepare preparar
organize organizar
utilize utilizar
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Almost every English infinitive verb ending with '-ify' can be converted into a
Spanish verb by replacing the final '-ify' with '-ificar'.
#4. '-ify' → '-ificar'
English Spanish
unify unificar
simplify simplificar
solidify solidificar
classify clasificar
notify notificar
modify modificar
gratify gratificar
justify justificar
pacify pacificar
verify verificar
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Adverbs
In English, "-ly" combines with many adjectives to form adverbs.
In Spanish, "-mente" combines with (feminine) adjectives to form Spanish
adverbs.
English Spanish
absolutely absolutamente
normally normalmente
naturally naturalmente
finally finalmente
correctly correctamente
exactly exactamente
evidently evidentemente
difficultly difícilmente
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Subject: Spanish III
Topic: Ordering in a Restaurant
Lesson 2
Spanish Lesson Plan: Ordering in a Restaurant
What is your generative topic? How to order food in a restaurant
What is your essential question? When you are hungry and you sit down in
a restaurant and the waiter doesn’t speak English, how will you order?
Who are your students? My students are in grade 10, 11and 12 and are in
Level 3 Spanish class. The ideal class size for this lesson is between 18 and
22 students. I do currently have students on an IEP in this class. However,
activities for this lesson plan can be modified for students on an IEP. In
honors courses the students are generally grouped into classes with other
students of like ability.
Why are you teaching this lesson? I am teaching this lesson so that my
students will learn about the correlation between the Spanish and English
languages.
What prior knowledge do students bring to this lesson?
Students will use their prior knowledge of Spanish and English vocabulary
to comprehend and communicate the similarities between the languages.
The lesson will focus on English and Spanish vocabularies that are related to
food, eating and restaurants.
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Lesson Two: Ordering in a Restaurant
Mr. Gabriel Valerio
Grade: 10-12
Spanish III
Spanish Lesson Plan
I. Brief Description of Lesson: Through the reading selection students should identify
the preterite tense of pedir, servir and traer
II. Objectives:
Unit Chapter (long range): Students will learn how to conjugate the preterite
tense of pedir, servir and traer; and also they will learn a new vocabulary which
can be so important because they can apply this to real life situation.
Lesson (day’s lesson): Ordering in a restaurant.
III. Coverage (What will the teacher be doing? Time: 15-20 minutes
Teacher will present topics through oral and written activities.
IV. Activity (What activities will the students be doing? Time: 35-45 minutes
Students will read a short story about a restaurant, and when they are finished
they will answer some questions provided.
V. Involvement (How will the students be engaged?:
- Individual reading
- Group activities
- Talking with the teacher
- Asking each other questions
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VI. Mastery:
a) How will I know if they know it or can do it?
When they answer oral and written questions
b) What do I want students to know or be able to do when the lesson is over?
Assessment and rubric.
- Students will be able to order any kind of food in a Hispanic restaurant
- Students will know a new vocabulary.
VII. Thinking: What thinking skill do I want students to practice and develop?
- Reading
- Writing
- Listening
- Talking
VIII. Tie in to Frameworks Standards in this lesson.
1.2 Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of topics
2.1 Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship between the practices and
perspectives of the culture studied.
2.2 Students demonstrate an understanding of the relationship
between the products and perspective of the culture studied.
3.2 Students acquire information and recognize the distinctive viewpoints that are only
available through the foreign language and its culture.
5.1 Students use the language both within and beyond the school.
4.1 Students demonstrate understanding of the nature of language through comparisons
of the language studied and their own.
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3.1 Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the
foreign language
1.3 Students present information, concepts, and ideas to an audience of listeners or
readers on a variety of topics
5.2 Students show evidence of becoming life-long learners by using the language for
personal enjoyment and enrichment.
IX. Tie in to the Mission and Expectation for Students in this lesson.
- During the development of this lesson plan all students must be challenged to think at a
high level.
- Completing written and oral activities students will be actively involved in the learning
process.
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Overall, I think that this was my favorite lesson plan in the unit. The students
were all very excited about the different activities that we did in this unit. I think their
excitement call from their ability to truly relate to this task. The challenge for them was
using the Spanish vocabulary in ordering their food. However, most of them have, on
numerous occasions, experienced this skill in English, in restaurants, so they knew what
to do. The only thing that I would like to do differently in the future, would be to actually
set up a restaurant setting where the student s could actually role play their parts and have
food. I think this would add another fun yet educational component to this lesson.
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Activity 1:
Conecta las columnas A y B con una línea. Primero haz las conexiones que conoces,
luego busca las palabras que no sabes en el diccionario.
A B
pescado bistec
ensalada cerdo
carne de res almejas
chuletas comida mexicana
mariscos huevos
piña mar
tacos verduras
fideos frutas
pollo pasta
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Activity 2:
Escribe el significado y los mandatos correspondientes a los siguientes verbos:
verbo significado mandato familiar mandato formal
freír fríe
to cook cocine
to boil hierve
colar cuela
poner ponga
sirve
aliñar
1.______________________________________________________________________
2. _____________________________________________________________________
3. _____________________________________________________________________
4. _____________________________________________________________________
5. _____________________________________________________________________
6. _____________________________________________________________________
7. _____________________________________________________________________
8. _____________________________________________________________________
9. _____________________________________________________________________
10. ____________________________________________________________________
11. ____________________________________________________________________
12. ____________________________________________________________________
13._____________________________________________________________________
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Activity 3
1. ¿Qué recetas esperas encontrar en el restaurante valerio que vas a visitar?
A) ____________________________________________________________
B) ____________________________________________________________
C) ____________________________________________________________
D) ____________________________________________________________
E) ____________________________________________________________
F) ____________________________________________________________
2. ¿Qué ingredientes crees tú que son los más frecuentes en esta comida?
A) __________________________________________________________
B) __________________________________________________________
C) __________________________________________________________
D) __________________________________________________________
E) __________________________________________________________
F) __________________________________________________________
3. ¿Has comido comida dominicana? ¿Cuál es tu plato favorito?
A) __________________________________________________________
B) __________________________________________________________
C) __________________________________________________________
D) __________________________________________________________
E) __________________________________________________________
F) __________________________________________________________
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Activity 4:
1. Haz una lista de los encabezamientos (headings) que te parecen más importantes.
A) _________________________________________________________________
B) _________________________________________________________________
C) _________________________________________________________________
D) _________________________________________________________________
E) _________________________________________________________________
F) _________________________________________________________________
2. Busca palabras que son similares en inglés y en español.
A) _________________________________________________________________
B) _________________________________________________________________
C) _________________________________________________________________
D) _________________________________________________________________
E) _________________________________________________________________
F) _________________________________________________________________
3. ¿Qué tipo de componentes y aliños te parece que aparece con mayor frecuencia.
A) _________________________________________________________________
B) _________________________________________________________________
C) _________________________________________________________________
D) _________________________________________________________________
E) _________________________________________________________________
F) _________________________________________________________________
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Activity 5:
Busca una receta de cocina que te guste más. Prepara una lista de los ingredientes que en
tu opinión es más dificil encontrar en los supermercados
1. _________________________________________________________________
____
2. _________________________________________________________________
____
3. _________________________________________________________________
____
4. _________________________________________________________________
____
5. _________________________________________________________________
____
6. _________________________________________________________________
____
7. _________________________________________________________________
____
8. _________________________________________________________________
____
9. _________________________________________________________________
____
10. _________________________________________________________________
____
11. _________________________________________________________________
____
12. _________________________________________________________________
____
13. _________________________________________________________________
____
14. _________________________________________________________________
____
15. _________________________________________________________________
____
16. _________________________________________________________________
____
17. _________________________________________________________________
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__
18. _________________________________________________________________
__
19. _________________________________________________________________
__
20. _________________________________________________________________
_
Activity 7:
Reading Selection: Restaurante Valerio (Viva el Sazón)
Nuestro restaurante está ubicado en el mismo corazón de la hermosa ciudad de
La Vega, en La República Dominicana. Aquí vienen personas de todas las
esferas sociales, pues tenemos un variado menú, el cual es del agrado de toda
la ciudadanía. En este restaurante se sirven todo tipo de comida, bebida,
ensaladas, y mucho más. Por ejemplo, el 25 de Diciembre del año pasado
(2008) se sirvió lechón asado, el cual estaba muy bueno. Los visitantes lo
pidieron en su totalidad. Nuestros empleados sirvieron todo lo que tenía el
restaurante. Así es; para cada época del año tenemos diferentes variedades.
Por ejemplo, para Semana Santa, tenemos las famosas habichuelas con dulces;
para las madres tenemos la mejor comida durante el año: Arroz, habichuela,
carne, todos los tipos de ensaladas, bebidas al gusto de las madres.
Tenemos una gran variedad de música, la cual es el agrado de nuestros
visitantes: merengue típico, merengue de calle, merengue de los años 70 y 80,
salsa, bolero, bachata, música rock, etc. También se presentan a través de la
pantalla gigante videos de la República Dominicana: su cultura, gobierno,
geografía, historia, personalidades importantes destacadas en nuestro país, etc.
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Este es nuestro restaurante familiar, donde usted encuentra de todo. Si
realmente Usted puede encontrar de todo, puesto que al lado de nuestro
restaurante existe un elegante supermercado, donde se vende todas clases de
mariscos, carnes, vegetales, bebidas, y todo lo que necesite para el hogar.
En Julio de este año, un grupo de cinco estudiantes de la Universidad
Tecnológica del Cibao, en La Vega, República Dominicana visitó nuestro
restaurante familiar, y parece que a ellos les gustó demasiado la comida que se
sirvió en el restaurante. Cada uno pidió algo diferente de nuestro menú.
Antonio pidió arroz con pollo al horno. La mesera se lo sirvió con mucho gusto,
algo que a Antonio le agrado muchísimo, puesto que fue su primera visita al
restaurante.
Maritza, la novia de Antonio le preguntó a Antonio que iban a tomar; los dos se
pusieron de acuerdo y ordenaron un agua de limón. Ambos le pidieron a la
mesera que les sirviera a los demás miembros del grupo, pero la mesera le trajo
el agua con limón al instante. Ellos se pusieron muy contentos.
Arístides, un primo de Oscar trajo con el su propia comida, ya que sufre de
diabete, pero al ver a los demás compañeros tan entusiasmados, decidió
ordenar también, y pidió arroz, habichuela, chicharrón y ensalada verde. De
tomar pidió un refresco rojo. La mesera se lo sirvió muy encantada.
La mesera, muy experta en su trabajo le sirvió a cada uno un flan el cual iba por
los dueños del restaurante, o sea este no tenía que ser pagado.
Mercedes, una de las estudiantes más tímidas que yo haya visto no quería
ordenar nada, pero se decidió y pidió pescado frito con tostones (plátanos fritos).
De tomar le sirvieron agua.
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El novio de Mercedes, Oscar ordenó papas fritas con carne al horno, y de tomar
dijo que le trajeran agua bien fría.
La comida estaba muy deliciosa. Todos comieron hasta no más.
Al final, la mesera le trajo la cuenta la cual todos pagaron con mucho gusto y
deseo de regresar a nuestro restaurante Valerio
Activity 8:
Write the correct preterite form of each verb according to the subjects provided.
1. Antonio_________________(pedir) arroz con pollo al horno.
2. La mesera le ____________________(servir) la comida a Antonio.
3. El 25 de Diciembre del año pasado en nuestro restaurante se
_________________(servir) lechón asado.
4. Mercedes ___________________(pedir) pescado.
5. La mesera __________________(servir) flan a cada estudiante.
6. Arístides, mi primo ____________________(traer) su propia comida.
7. La mesera le _________________(servir) a Arístides muy encantada
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Extra Vocabulario
Vocabulario usado en nuestro restaurante:
Todos tienen que comer, por eso pienso que algunas frases
alrededor de la cocina serían divertidas y de mucha ayuda
Everyone has to eat, so I thought that some good phrases in Spanish around the kitchen
would be fun and very helpful.
Plato = Plate
Cubiertos = Silverware
Cubiertos de Plástico = Plasticware
Cuchillo = Knife
Tenedor = Fork
Cuchara = Spoon
Taza = Cup
Plato hondo = Bowl
Bandeja = Tray
Tabla de cortar = Cutting Board
Cocina = Kitchen
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Vamos a comer = Let's go eat
Quiero comer = I want to eat
Pásame la sal por favor = Pass the salt please
Páseme la pimienta por favor = Pass the pepper please
Quiero más queso por favor = I want more cheese please
Quiero más crema por favor = I want more cream please
Está muy salado = It's too salty
Está muy dulce = It's too sweet
Sin cebollas por favor = Without onions please
Sin vegetales por favor = Without veggies please
Sin sal por favor = Without salt please
Sin azúcar por favor = Without sugar please
Quisiera ordenar tres tacos por favor = I would like to order three tacos please
Quisiera ordenar una soda por favor = I would like to order a soda please
Quisiera ordenar un postre por favor = I would like to order a dessert please
A qué hora cierran la cocina? = What time do you close your kitchen?
A qué hora abren el restaurante = What time do you open your restaurant?
¿Qué tipo de carnes sirven ustedes? = What kind of meat do you serve?
Ustedes sirven mariscos? = Do you serve shell fish?
Ustedes sirven pollo? = Do you serve chicken?
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Ustedes sirven carnes rojas? = Do you serve red meats?
Me puede traer los vegetales aparte por favor? = Can you bring me the vegetables on
the side please?
Ustedes sirven vino? = Do you serve wine?
Introduction to Lesson
Three
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Mr. Gabriel Valerio
Grade: 10, 11 and 12
Spanish Lesson Plan
Grammar: “Conjugating Past Tense Verbs in Spanish”
Lesson Plan 3
Introduction to Lesson Three: Conjugating Past Tense Verbs in Spanish
What is your generative topic? Spanish grammar through interactive activities
What is your essential question? What are the verb conjugations in Spanish for the past
tense?
Who are your students? My students are in grade 10, 11 and 12 and are in Level 3
Spanish class. The ideal class size for this lesson is between 15 and 18 students. I do
currently have students on an IEP in this class. However, activities for this lesson plan
can be modified for students on an IEP. In honors courses the students are generally
grouped into classes with other students of like ability
What prior knowledge do students bring to this lesson?
1. Understand and be able to use the English concepts of conjugation of past
tense.
2. Knowledge of conjugation of Spanish verbs in the present tense.
Why are you teaching this lesson? I am teaching this lesson so that my students can
practice verb conjugation in Spanish.
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Mr. Gabriel Valerio
Grade: 10, 11 and 12
Spanish Lesson Plan
Grammar: “Conjugating Past Tense Verbs in Spanish”
Goals: This lesson corresponds to the following strands of the Massachusetts Foreign
Language Curriculum Framework:
1.2 Students understand and interpret written and spoken language on a variety of
topics.
3.1 Students reinforce and further their knowledge of other disciplines through the
foreign language
5.1 Students use the language both within and beyond the school
5.2 Students show evidence of becoming life-long learners by using the language for
person enjoyment and enrichment.
Objectives: Students will be able to use correct past tense verb conjugations in
communication.
Concepts: Identification of past tense in the story.
Language: Students will be able to develop their reading, writing, listening and
speaking skills.
What are the learning activities that will build student understanding? For this
lesson in the language lab students will utilize the website www.oye.languageskills.co.uk.
They will use level 12 and 13 (age), describing events in the past show in each
presentation. Using this website, students will work on the various interactive learning
activities. (25 minutes)
In the classroom, students will listen to a computer video program and do the
accompanying listening activity in the book. (10 minutes)
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What will be your extension and enrichment activities? The following day, each
student will make a poster that they will present to the rest of the class at the conclusion
of his/her work (25 minutes)
How are you going to assess students’ understanding? What is your plan for ongoing
assessment of student’s understanding? Students will be both formally and informally
assessed for this lesson. During the class, students will be required to complete three (3)
worksheets and computer exercises which will be part of a class participation grade and
class work grade.
Homework: One worksheet will be assigned for homework and it will count towards an
overall homework grade. In addition, students will finish any work that was not
completed during class.
Materials:
1. Textbook Ven Conmigo Level III
2. Grammar Book
3. Computer Lab
4. Massachusetts Foreign Languages Curriculum Framework
5. Listening exercises using a computer video.
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I enjoyed the whole process of this lesson. It was interesting watching
the students work in the computer lab, and peer share. The students were
able to speak with each other and answer each other’s questions. I found it
interesting that the students did not necessarily speak to their friends in
Spanish, but spoke with their classmates. I first thought that the students
might be shy doing this activity and only wanted to speak with their close
friends because of this. It appeared that they were “showing off” their ability
to speak Spanish instead. It was almost like they had transformed
themselves to an all Spanish speaking classroom.
I think this was because not only were they comfortable with the skills
being taught (learning how to conjugate verbs) but they were also
comfortable with their ability in speaking Spanish.
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I. Activities to be completed by students
1. Leti is describing a family wedding she went to last Saturday. Complete her
description with the correct preterite form of the verbs in parenthesis.
Remember to use the correct reflexive pronoun.
Mi primo Guille 1.________________________(casarse) con su novia Teresa el
sábado. Fue una boda muy interesante. Primero, mi familia y yo llegamos tarde
porque yo 2._______________________(perderse) buscando la iglesia. Luego,
durante la ceremonia la mama de Teresa 3.____________________(dormirse)
porque estaba tan cansada. Después, en la recepción, mi tío Lucas
4.______________________(caerse). Al principio todos los invitados
5.________________________(creer) que se hizo daño, pero por suerte no le
pasó nada serio. Pero, sí 6._______________________(romperse) varios platos y
vasos. ¿Qué más pasó? Durante la cena, Guille le
7.________________________(leer) un poema de amor a Teresa. Qué romantico,
¿no?
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2. Magdalena’s grandmother is explaining how everything has changed since
she was a little girl. Write an essay using the present tense and the preterite
to explain how the change has happened.
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________________________
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Exam 1 is given at the beginning of the unit. The reason I have given the students
this exam is because I want to take information that they have already known, in this
case, my starters to the sentences, and incorporate the cognates that they are learning, into
writing a complete sentence in Spanish. The multitude of skills needed to complete this
will inform me, as the teacher, of the understanding of not only the cognates, but also of
their ability to write a complete sentence in Spanish. I will be able to determine how
each student understands the Spanish grammar. I will then be able to take students
individually and explain to those who are unable to convert the grammar, the correct
format. I feel the visual is an added bonus for the students so that they can make the
connections visually first and in written form second.
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Saugus High School
Initial Exam
Spanish III
Mr. Gabriel Valerio
Student:________________________________
Grade:_________________________________
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Exam 1: Using Cognates, based on the visual, write a complete thought
in Spanish. Use the starter in each sentence.
1. Mis amigos y yo
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
___
2. Carlos y Andrés
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
___
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4. Ella es un ___________________________(artist)
5. La _____________________________(pharmacy) está cerrada
6. Los Estados Unidos es una _________________________(nation) grande
7. ¡Qué ____________________________(fabulous) - ganó mi equipo!
8. Esta playa es un ______________________________(paradise)
9. Los estudiantes viven en un ________________________________(dormitory)
10. Llegar a la luna era paso importante para _______________________(humanity)
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Reflection of Initial Assessment
I was very excited when I received the assessments back from my classes.
I feel each assessment gave me the information I was looking for, on the majority
of my students. Exam 1 showed me quite a few students that were not able to
complete their sentences correctly. When I worked with them individually, I was
able to identify their problems. In most cases it wasn’t that they misunderstood
the cognates, it was that the grammar from English to Spanish was confusing
them. Therefore I was able to work with them, some individually, and some in
small groups, to improve this skill. There were three students who were unable to
transfer over, from the English to Spanish, the Cognates. However, this did not
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surprise me since these same students are not fully participating or doing their
homework. I had these students come back after school to review the material.
There were minimal changes with two of the three students. I think this was
mainly because these students really have not yet invested in their education. The
third student, who I have identified in another section, showed improvement.
I feel that this assessment was beneficial to everyone concerned and I plan
on using this exam or at least this style again in my classes.
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Introduction to Midterm
Assessment
Midterm Exam is given so that the students can practice in more depth the
cognates which they have learned in my class or somewhere on their own. This exam is
in a simple form, where I can identify their understanding of cognates, as well as
reinforcing the appropriateness of sentence writing, which includes punctuation,
capitalization and appropriate grammar. This exam is given midway in the unit to assess
the skills learned thus far.
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Midterm Exam
Spanish III
Mr. Gabriel Valerio
Student:________________________________
Grade:_________________________________
Midterm Exam: Applying Cognates
Write twenty five sentences using the cognates that you already
learn.
1. ________________________________________________
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Reflection of Assessments
Two
On exam two, the students demonstrated their ability to write the sentences much
better, and to identify, on their own, Cognates. I found this assessment, reinforced my
thinking that the students were beginning to understand much better, Cognates, and that
the students were now applying themselves a little more on writing their sentences with
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more effort in their punctuation and capitalization. The students also showed a better
understanding of the rules of grammar. I was very happy with these results. I was truly
amazed at how many students were able to come up with new Cognates. I was so
impressed with the new vocabulary words that I spent a part of a lesson having the
students share their Cognates with their classmates.
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Introduction to Summative
Assessment
Summative Exam is an assessment that I will give at the end of the unit. It is to
determine whether or not the students understand Cognates and whether or not they can
differentiate the English from the Spanish. Additional skills that will be utilized are the
students’ ability to translate the paragraph either in full or via context clues. Although
when I correct this exam I won’t know their true understanding of each word, I will know
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whether or not they are able to use their knowledge in this language to figure out enough
information to complete the task.
Saugus High School
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Summative Assessment
Spanish III
Mr. Gabriel Valerio
Student:________________________________
Grade:_________________________________
Summative Exam:
Identify the Cognates in Spanish and then write the English word for them.
Era una vez, un estudiante muy inteligente, calculaba
cada uno de sus pasos por donde caminaba, pues
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el entendía que otros jóvenes muy similares a él querían
imitarlo . Un día, llegó a su casa y su madre que lo
miraba un poco distraído le preguntó, ¡hola hijo! ¿Qué te
pasa? ¿Qué es lo que te preocupas? Dime la verdad.
¿Tienes algún problema? Tu padre, tus hermanos y yo
estamos aquí para ayudarte. No te olvides, somos una familia,
la cual siempre ha estado unida.
El joven estudiante al verse interpelado por los ruegos de su
madre decidió contarle su verdadera historia acerca de lo que
él creía y pensaba. En su interior, el siempre soñaba con ser piloto
pero al ver otros chicos como él se limitaba a mantener su sueño en secreto,
hasta tal punto que solo él sabia lo que quería ser cuando fuera grande. Otros
chicos, los cuales compartían el mismo grado que él le encantaba hablar en
público de lo que querían ser cuando llegaran a la adultez. Esto le preocupaba a
este despierto e intelectual jovencito, pero su timidez no le permitía hablar como
los otros de lo que él quería ser en el futuro. Ahora, en este momento es que se
decide a hablar con sus padres y hermanos acerca de “problema” que le
atormentaba por mucho tiempo.
1._____________-____________ 11. _____________-____________
2. _____________-____________ 12. _____________-____________
3. _____________-____________ 13. _____________-____________
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4. _____________-____________ 14. _____________-____________
5. _____________-____________ 15. _____________-____________
6. _____________-____________ 16. _____________-____________
7. _____________-____________ 17. _____________-____________
8. _____________-____________ 18. _____________-____________
9. _____________-____________ 19. _____________-____________
10. _____________-____________ 20. _____________-____________
After the reading selection, students should identify the cognates in
Spanish and then write the English word for them.
Restaurante Valerio (Viva el Sazón)
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Nuestro restaurante está ubicado en el mismo corazón de la hermosa
ciudad de La Vega, en La República Dominicana. Aquí vienen personas de
todas las esferas sociales, pues tenemos un variado menú, el cual es del agrado
de toda la ciudadanía. En este restaurante se sirven todo tipo de comida, bebida,
ensaladas, y mucho más. Por ejemplo, el 25 de Diciembre del año pasado
(2008) se sirvió lechón asado, el cual estaba muy bueno. Los visitantes lo
pidieron en su totalidad. Nuestros empleados sirvieron todo lo que tenía el
restaurante. Así es; para cada época del año tenemos diferentes variedades.
Por ejemplo, para Semana Santa, tenemos las famosas habichuelas con dulces;
para las madres tenemos la mejor comida durante el año: Arroz, habichuela,
carne, todos los tipos de ensaladas, bebidas al gusto de las madres, etc.
Tenemos una gran variedad de música, la cual es el agrado de nuestros
visitantes: merengue típico, merengue de calle, merengue de los años 70 y 80,
salsa, bolero, bachata, música rock, etc. También se presentan a través de la
pantalla gigante videos de la República Dominicana: su cultura, gobierno,
geografía, historia, personalidades importantes destacadas en nuestro país, etc.
Este es nuestro restaurante familiar, donde usted encuentra de todo. Si
realmente Usted puede encontrar de todo, puesto que al lado de nuestro
restaurante existe un elegante supermercado, donde se vende todas clases de
mariscos, carnes, vegetales, bebidas, y todo lo que necesite para el hogar.
En Julio de este año, un grupo de cinco estudiantes de la Universidad
Tecnológica del Cibao, en La Vega, República Dominicana visitó nuestro
restaurante familiar, y parece que a ellos les gustó demasiado la comida que se
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sirvió en el restaurante. Cada uno pidió algo diferente de nuestro menú.
Antonio pidió arroz con pollo al horno. La mesera se lo sirvió con mucho gusto,
algo que a Antonio le agrado muchísimo, puesto que fue su primera visita al
restaurante.
Maritza, la novia de Antonio le preguntó a Antonio que iban a tomar; los dos se
pusieron de acuerdo y ordenaron un agua de limón. Ambos le pidieron a la
mesera que les sirviera a los demás miembros del grupo, pero la mesera le trajo
el agua con limón al instante. Ellos se pusieron muy contentos.
Arístides, un primo de Oscar trajo con el su propia comida, ya que sufre de
diabete, pero al ver a los demás compañeros tan entusiasmados, decidió
ordenar también, y pidió arroz, habichuela, chicharrón y ensalada verde. De
tomar pidió un refresco rojo. La mesera se lo sirvió muy encantada.
La mesera, muy experta en su trabajo le sirvió a cada uno un flan el cual iba por
los dueños del restaurante, o sea este no tenía que ser pagado.
Mercedes, una de las estudiantes más tímidas que yo haya visto no quería
ordenar nada, pero se decidió y pidió pescado frito con tostones (plátanos fritos).
De tomar le sirvieron agua.
El novio de Mercedes, Oscar ordenó papas fritas con carne al horno, y de tomar
dijo que le trajeran agua bien fría. La comida estaba muy deliciosa. Todos
comieron hasta no más. Al final, la mesera le trajo la cuenta la cual todos
pagaron con mucho gusto y deseo de regresar a nuestro restaurante Valerio.
1._____________-____________ 11. _____________-____________
2. _____________-____________ 12. _____________-____________
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3. _____________-____________ 13. _____________-____________
4. _____________-____________ 14. _____________-____________
5. _____________-____________ 15. _____________-____________
6. _____________-____________ 16. _____________-____________
7. _____________-____________ 17. _____________-____________
8. _____________-____________ 18. _____________-____________
9. _____________-____________ 19. _____________-____________
10. _____________-____________ 20. _____________-____________
11._____________-____________ 21. _____________-____________
12. _____________-____________ 22. _____________-____________
13. _____________-____________ 23. _____________-____________
14. _____________-____________ 24. _____________-____________
3. Magdalena’s grandmother is explaining how everything has changed
since she was a little girl. Write an essay using the present tense and the
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preterite to explain how the change has happened. You should use ten
cognates in her description.
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Reflection of Summative
Assessment
The summative exam was also a success, however, in retrospect, I wonder if it was a little
too easy for the students. Many of the students received a hundred or close to that. I am
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okay with that for many reasons. First, they apparently learned the skills I was teaching.
Secondly, the students were comfortable with this assessment and loved their results. I
think this is great for their self esteem and desire to do well in a world language. Lastly,
I’m glad to know that the students were able to isolate the material enough to complete
the task.
One of the only students that didn’t do well, according to “the numbers” on this
final assessment was, Crystal, my student who I spoke about, specifically, as a student
who was struggling and beginning to turn around due to the interactions we have been
having. She received a score of 63%. . However, this was a marked improvement over
her 27% on the baseline. I have included my thoughts on this under the comments in the
student work sample section.
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Narrative Essay
Students Work Sample
After performing motivational activities to my high school students, I have
seen on going improvements with many students. During this process, I took the
opportunity to observe a specific student (C). This student was demonstrating
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behaviors that indicated that she was uninterested in learning. She also refused
to become involved in anything, for what seemed to me to be her fear of failing.
She wasn’t showing any improvement, even when she appeared to be engaged
in the classes’ activities. I decided to meet ( C )in a one to one, situation, and told
her that I saw her as a student who wanted to do well in school, but because she
had an incredibly hard time academically, she didn’t feel she should or even
could try, due to always failing. Immediately her eyes showed me I was correct.
She then told me that she hated trying because no matter what she did she didn’t
do well. I explained to her that if she tried with me, she not only would do well,
she would learn a lot. I told her that I was going to be doing some new activities,
for my schooling, and that I would show her all of the ways she improved and
what she had learned when I was done. She was absolutely thrilled with this
idea. I told her that this was not something I was only going to do, for my class, I
was doing this because, I wanted to see her succeed and feel successful. I told
her that she should come to me, whenever she needed help or if she needed
someone to encourage her.
At that point she shared some other important information with me. She
lives with her mother, and two weeks ago, after ten long years, she spoke with
her father on the phone. He is now living in the Dominican Republic. She told me
that our talk couldn’t have come at a better time. She is very happy because she
wants to see her father personally, and of course, she wants to learn how to
speak, read and write in Spanish. Since her mother encourages her to keep her
grades up by checking in with all of her teachers by email or phone call, she now
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feels that she can make her mother happy as well.
She has made a lot of progress since our conversation.
She didn’t pass the baseline test at the beginning of the year. She actually
received 27%; and she didn’t pass my Initial Test from this unit. This result is
evidence that she was having a lot of problems in her reading, writing and
spelling in Spanish grammar. My first assessment showed that grammar was a
real weakness for her. Even though she was able to use most of the vocabulary
words correctly during class, she wasn’t able to show any follow through when it
was needed to be applied. I think that this was due to many factors. First she
wasn’t comfortable with taking a risk. Second, she wasn’t following through, with
class work and homework. Lastly, she didn’t feel she could ask questions about
what she didn’t understand. She did understand the vocabulary of the words,
just not how to apply them. After our discussion, and after, working on improving
these areas, the difference in her ability was amazing. She went from barely
getting anything correctly, to doing better than 85% of the assignment correctly.
Prior to retaking this test we did many activities practicing, vocabulary,
grammar, verbs, cognates and culture. We work on it very slowly, and we spent a
lot of time practicing how to identify cognates. For example, we read different
articles (in Spanish), and we identify different cognates; with these cognates we
wrote sentences. At the beginning, she had some problems when she wrote her
sentences, but in the end she was doing fine. She stayed after school for extra
help finishing her sentences. Her sentences are mostly correct, and the only
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errors she made were some spelling errors. This work sample showed a major
improvement over the baseline quiz we took at the beginning of the year. (63%).
Although some teachers might feel that this score is still no a passing score, I am
thrilled that she went from a 27% to a 63%. This is an amazing progress in a
relatively short period of time. I have spoken with her and I have decided that I
want her to continue coming for extra help and redoing certain assignments. I
feel that she is now motivated to do well and I want to see her succeed. I am
willing to adjust her grades accordingly, to her new average. She is willing to do
the extra work and show her, as well as me, what she knows in Spanish.
In the second formative assessment (Mid-term) she
completed, which was done on 10/14/2011, she still making some mistakes
when writing sentences using cognates.
Since the progress and success of the students is part of my philosophy
as an educator, I obviously monitored throughout the development of this unit
there progress and success. I saw positive results in both areas with many
students, but I wanted to see the same progress with students ( C ). She was
learning (succeeding) but not at the same pace as the other students. In turn, I
pay special attention to her learning style and rhythm. I was collecting her work
and I went over with her, all her work, to teach her using verbal, visual and
auditory channels, whenever there were any mistake. This multi-sensory
approach seemed to work best for her, as well as myself, in terms of me
understanding her weaknesses.
My focus was on grammar, vocabulary (cognates), and culture. She
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improved a lot over her grammar issues, but she still has some issues
understanding some concepts, and how to write correct sentences. I saw this
issue, again, when correcting her Summative Assessment. We need to
understand, for example, that in Spanish adjectives need to agree with nouns in
gender and in number, so in order to create sentences I taught my students
about this Spanish rules. My students ( C ) had a lot of problem identifying
cognates, and creating sentences.
I have to admit that I am extremely pleased with her progress and success
thus far. I realize that this is a large amount of extra work for me, however, it is
worth, especially since she is putting the effort in to do an even larger amount of
extra work, and it is paying off.
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When it comes to my use of technology within my world language
classes, I must admit that I use technology all the time. It begins with
the way I input my grades and activities onto a program which the
students and parents have access to, at any time. All my grades are
input, daily, for tests, quizzes, class work and homework. I also post the
homework on a site that is kept current. Parents are encouraged to view
these sites, so that they are up to date on their child’s participation, their
child’s homework assignment, and whether or not they are doing it, as
well as, their child’s grades.
Throughout the development of this unit on Spanish Grammar and
culture, students had the opportunity to use the Internet. I did this as a
way to examine the influence that technological terminology has, on
students, when learning Spanish. It also allowed students the
availability to consider the etymology of different words. : Educación,
persona, escuela, arte, ensayo, historia, geografía, tecnología,
hombre, etc. (various cognates)
In my opinion, it is very important to understand, that when
students have the opportunity to use the internet, correctly, they have a
chance to use and develop all four proficiency skills: Reading, writing,
listening and even speaking. Some people feel that students tend to
“cheat” or take the easy way out, when given the opportunity to use the
internet. I have found the complete opposite. I have found that my
students take the time to actually look for the information they need and
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that they take the time to correctly use this information. I am beginning
to think that this is because they are encouraged to use the internet
rather than not be allowed to use it (many of my colleagues tend not to
allow the internet and have gone as far as charging students with
plagiarism due to their use). I have also found that, since I am a world
language educator, that my students are being taught information from
the internet, on my subject. Often times I hear students say that they
used the language converters to assist them in doing their homework.
When I spoke to them on this, they said they were able to understand the
rules better when they could put various information into the computer,
and then they could go backwards by analyzing the information in order
to do the work they need to do. I think that this is a wonderful way to
learn and I think by doing this they are spending more time learning the
language.
I also use the computer during my class time. When we go to the
lab, the student can listen to each other by using headphones and a
special program where they can listen to each other. By doing this
activity the students not only learn from each other the correct
pronunciations of words, but, they can also assist each other with other
world language issues such as grammar, vocabulary or culture. Students
also get the opportunity to work on their writing skills, without the use,
or at times, with the use, of grammar and/ or spell check. At all times, I
am able to view and interact with each computer.
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I also present all my lesson plans by PowerPoint. I find that by
doing this, I get the students attention quicker and they are more
focused and interact more. I also find that I am able to get more
information out to the students in less time. I also know that exactly
what I have covered with the class and what I have not been able to
cover. There is no gray area on whether or not I could have forgotten to
give certain information. I am also able to use my computer to get
additional information, immediately, when I need it, to enhance an
answer to a student’s question. Another benefit to using a PowerPoint
presentation is that I am able to modify so many students’ education
(including but not limiting special education students and 504 student),
by giving them a copy of my presentation, for future use, or as a study
guide, or even as notes for those students that are unable to take notes
or students who are not multi-taskers. This assists them in learning the
material I am teacher.
In all my lessons and in future lessons I will continue to use
technology in my classes. I have found no negatives in using this. As I
have already stated, I have only found positive outcomes, with technology
use in a world language class. I do realize that at some point I could have
a student (i.e. visually impaired, hearing impaired…) that for one reason
or another, the technology I use could be at a disadvantage or disability
to them. Should this be the case, I would obviously modify the program,
appropriately for them.
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350 Main Street, Malden, Massachusetts 02148-5023 Telephone: (781) 338-3000
Preservice Performance Assessment for Practicum or Practicum Equivalent
Professional Standards for Teachers: See 603 CMR 7.08.
Part I –To be completed by the applicant. Practicum:_____________Practicum Equivalent: ___________
1. Legal Name: Gabriel A. Valerio 2. SSN: 015-76-2081
3. Address: 126 South Common Street, Lynn MA 01902
4. Sponsoring Organization: University of Massachusetts, Boston Program & Level: Initial License K 5-12
5. Practicum/Equivalent Course Number: EDC G 688 Credit Hours: 6
Course Title: ________________________________________________________________________________________________________
6. Practicum/Equivalent Site: Saugus High School 7: Grade Levels of Students: 9-12
8. Total number of practicum hours: _________________Number of hours assumed full responsibility in the role: ______________________
9. Other Massachusetts licenses held if any: Social Studies
10. Have any components of the approved program been waived (see Regulations 7.03(1)(b)): No
Part II – To be completed by the Program Supervisor
Name: (print)___________________________________________________________________Position/Title_____________________________
The Applicant completed a practicum/equivalent designed by the Sponsoring organization as partial preparation for the following license:
Applicant’s License Field: ___________________________________________________________Grade Level: __________________________
Part III – To be completed by the Supervising Practitioner
Name: (print)_____________________________________________________________________Position: _______________________________
School System: _____________________________________________________License: Initial (# yrs. experience): ______or Professional: _____
Massachusetts License #: ______________________________________________________Field(s): ____________________________________
Part IV – Initial 1, 2, and 3.
1. Initial meeting held at which the Professional Standards and the procedures for evaluation were explained to the Applicant.
Date: ________Applicant: _________________ Program Supervisor: __________________ Supervising Practitioner: __________________
2. Meeting held midway through the practicum at which the Applicant’s progress toward the Professional Standards was discussed.
Date: ________Applicant: __________________ Program Supervisor: _________________ Supervising Practitioner: __________________
3. Final meeting held to complete evaluation and to allow Applicant an opportunity to raise questions and make comments.
Date: ________Applicant: __________________ Program Supervisor: _________________ Supervising Practitioner: __________________
Part V
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Candidate has successfully completed the Preservice Performance Assessment (Sections: 7.03(2)(a)(4) &
7.04(2)(b)(4)(b)) Yes: _____No: _____
Program Supervisor (sign): _______________________________________________ Date: _________
Supervising Practitioner (sign): ___________________________________ Date: _____________________
Mediator (if necessary: see 7.04(4))(sign): ________________________ Date: ____________________
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Please use this assessment in conjunction with the Preservice Performance Assessment
Guidelines: the rating scale is described on page 4; evaluation questions relating to the
standards are pages 5 - 12, and license-specific questions per standard B2c are pages 13-44.
Standard A - Plans Curriculum and Instruction
Indicators Evidence
1. Draws on content standards of the relevant
curriculum frameworks to plan sequential units
of study, individual lessons, and learning
activities that make learning cumulative and
advance students’ level of content knowledge.
(Specify Curriculum Framework title, learning standards,
and concept and skills used [attach list if necessary]).
2. Draws on results of formal and informal assessments
as well as knowledge of human development to identify
teaching strategies and learning activities appropriate to
the specific discipline, age, level of English language
proficiency, and range of cognitive levels being taught.
3. Identifies appropriate reading materials, other
resources, and writing activities for promoting further
learning by the full range of students within the
classroom.
4. Identifies prerequisite skills, concepts, and vocabulary
needed for the learning activities and design lessons that
strengthen student reading and writing skills.
5. Plans lessons with clear objectives and relevant
measurable outcomes.
6. Draws on resources from colleagues, families, and the
community to enhance learning.
7. Incorporates appropriate technology and media in
lesson planning.
8. Uses information in Individualized Education
Programs (IEPs) to plan strategies for
integrating students with disabilities into general
education classrooms.
Base on one of my lesson plan I can answer
Indicator 1: saying that the Massachusetts
Foreign Language Curriculum standard 1.2 stays
that "students understand and interpret written
and spoken language on a variety of topics". 3.1
states that "students reinforce and further their
knowledge of other disciplines through the
foreign language", and 5.1 states that "students
use the language both within and beyond the
school setting".
All standard above are shown by using an
interactive online exercise which included
numerous games and activities students through
the understanding and interpretation of the
written and spoken language in a variety of
ways.
Indicator 2: Through teacher observation and
interactive scoring the lesson is appropriate in
all areas.
Indicator 3: I have a large variety of Hispanic
books, magazine, computer sites, video and
other resources which readily available to my
students and reference them very often.
Indicator 4: I like to teach my entire lesson
base on life lesson, teacher and students
interaction, and I like to demonstrate to my
students the correlation between the languages
prior the computer interaction.
Indicator 5: I have written lessons plan which
clear and relevant measurable outcomes which
follow the MFLCF. Indicator 6: I am part of a
Teacher Learning Community at my school and
I am able to use my colleagues to enhance my
lessons. I am also an active member of the
school system translating department which
bridges Hispanic family’s knowledge and
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concerns with the schools concerns and policies.
Indicator 7: Teach incorporate class lessons by
using current computer mater.
Indicator 8: Plans from IEP students and 504
students are followed and adapted to meet
student’s needs.
Rating: Explanation of Rating for Standard A - Plans Curriculum and Instruction
Rating Scale: 1=Does Not Meet the Standard; 2=Meets the Standard, 3=Exceeds the Standard; NA=Not Applicable.
Candidate’s Name: Gabriel A. Valerio License: 328650
Program Supervisor (initial): __________________________________________________Date: ______________________
Supervising Practitioner (initial): _______________________________________________Date: _____________________
