Collostructional analysis examines the strength of association between verbs and constructions. It found that verbs like "give", "tell", and "send" have the strongest attraction to the ditransitive construction, while less central verbs like "allocate" and "wish" also show attraction but weaker levels. This statistical method provides a quantitative validation of Goldberg's (1995) classification of verbs into semantic categories based on their compatibility with the ditransitive construction.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of residual quotient of intuitionistic fuzzy subsets of ring and module and then define the notion of residual quotient intuitionistic fuzzy submodules , residual quotient intuitionistic fuzzy ideals. We study many properties of residual quotient relating to union, intersection, sum of intuitionistic fuzzy submodules (ideals). Using the concept of residual quotient, we investigate some important characterization of intuitionistic fuzzy annihilator of subsets of ring and module. We also study intuitionistic fuzzy prime submodules with the help of intuitionistic fuzzy annihilators. Many related properties are defined and discussed.
In this paper, we introduce the concept of residual quotient of intuitionistic fuzzy subsets of ring and module and then define the notion of residual quotient intuitionistic fuzzy submodules , residual quotient intuitionistic fuzzy ideals. We study many properties of residual quotient relating to union, intersection, sum of intuitionistic fuzzy submodules (ideals). Using the concept of residual quotient, we investigate some important characterization of intuitionistic fuzzy annihilator of subsets of ring and module. We also study intuitionistic fuzzy prime submodules with the help of intuitionistic fuzzy annihilators. Many related properties are defined and discussed.
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
2024 State of Marketing Report – by HubspotMarius Sescu
https://www.hubspot.com/state-of-marketing
· Scaling relationships and proving ROI
· Social media is the place for search, sales, and service
· Authentic influencer partnerships fuel brand growth
· The strongest connections happen via call, click, chat, and camera.
· Time saved with AI leads to more creative work
· Seeking: A single source of truth
· TLDR; Get on social, try AI, and align your systems.
· More human marketing, powered by robots
ChatGPT is a revolutionary addition to the world since its introduction in 2022. A big shift in the sector of information gathering and processing happened because of this chatbot. What is the story of ChatGPT? How is the bot responding to prompts and generating contents? Swipe through these slides prepared by Expeed Software, a web development company regarding the development and technical intricacies of ChatGPT!
Product Design Trends in 2024 | Teenage EngineeringsPixeldarts
The realm of product design is a constantly changing environment where technology and style intersect. Every year introduces fresh challenges and exciting trends that mold the future of this captivating art form. In this piece, we delve into the significant trends set to influence the look and functionality of product design in the year 2024.
How Race, Age and Gender Shape Attitudes Towards Mental HealthThinkNow
Mental health has been in the news quite a bit lately. Dozens of U.S. states are currently suing Meta for contributing to the youth mental health crisis by inserting addictive features into their products, while the U.S. Surgeon General is touring the nation to bring awareness to the growing epidemic of loneliness and isolation. The country has endured periods of low national morale, such as in the 1970s when high inflation and the energy crisis worsened public sentiment following the Vietnam War. The current mood, however, feels different. Gallup recently reported that national mental health is at an all-time low, with few bright spots to lift spirits.
To better understand how Americans are feeling and their attitudes towards mental health in general, ThinkNow conducted a nationally representative quantitative survey of 1,500 respondents and found some interesting differences among ethnic, age and gender groups.
Technology
For example, 52% agree that technology and social media have a negative impact on mental health, but when broken out by race, 61% of Whites felt technology had a negative effect, and only 48% of Hispanics thought it did.
While technology has helped us keep in touch with friends and family in faraway places, it appears to have degraded our ability to connect in person. Staying connected online is a double-edged sword since the same news feed that brings us pictures of the grandkids and fluffy kittens also feeds us news about the wars in Israel and Ukraine, the dysfunction in Washington, the latest mass shooting and the climate crisis.
Hispanics may have a built-in defense against the isolation technology breeds, owing to their large, multigenerational households, strong social support systems, and tendency to use social media to stay connected with relatives abroad.
Age and Gender
When asked how individuals rate their mental health, men rate it higher than women by 11 percentage points, and Baby Boomers rank it highest at 83%, saying it’s good or excellent vs. 57% of Gen Z saying the same.
Gen Z spends the most amount of time on social media, so the notion that social media negatively affects mental health appears to be correlated. Unfortunately, Gen Z is also the generation that’s least comfortable discussing mental health concerns with healthcare professionals. Only 40% of them state they’re comfortable discussing their issues with a professional compared to 60% of Millennials and 65% of Boomers.
Race Affects Attitudes
As seen in previous research conducted by ThinkNow, Asian Americans lag other groups when it comes to awareness of mental health issues. Twenty-four percent of Asian Americans believe that having a mental health issue is a sign of weakness compared to the 16% average for all groups. Asians are also considerably less likely to be aware of mental health services in their communities (42% vs. 55%) and most likely to seek out information on social media (51% vs. 35%).
AI Trends in Creative Operations 2024 by Artwork Flow.pdfmarketingartwork
This article is all about what AI trends will emerge in the field of creative operations in 2024. All the marketers and brand builders should be aware of these trends for their further use and save themselves some time!
A report by thenetworkone and Kurio.
The contributing experts and agencies are (in an alphabetical order): Sylwia Rytel, Social Media Supervisor, 180heartbeats + JUNG v MATT (PL), Sharlene Jenner, Vice President - Director of Engagement Strategy, Abelson Taylor (USA), Alex Casanovas, Digital Director, Atrevia (ES), Dora Beilin, Senior Social Strategist, Barrett Hoffher (USA), Min Seo, Campaign Director, Brand New Agency (KR), Deshé M. Gully, Associate Strategist, Day One Agency (USA), Francesca Trevisan, Strategist, Different (IT), Trevor Crossman, CX and Digital Transformation Director; Olivia Hussey, Strategic Planner; Simi Srinarula, Social Media Manager, The Hallway (AUS), James Hebbert, Managing Director, Hylink (CN / UK), Mundy Álvarez, Planning Director; Pedro Rojas, Social Media Manager; Pancho González, CCO, Inbrax (CH), Oana Oprea, Head of Digital Planning, Jam Session Agency (RO), Amy Bottrill, Social Account Director, Launch (UK), Gaby Arriaga, Founder, Leonardo1452 (MX), Shantesh S Row, Creative Director, Liwa (UAE), Rajesh Mehta, Chief Strategy Officer; Dhruv Gaur, Digital Planning Lead; Leonie Mergulhao, Account Supervisor - Social Media & PR, Medulla (IN), Aurelija Plioplytė, Head of Digital & Social, Not Perfect (LI), Daiana Khaidargaliyeva, Account Manager, Osaka Labs (UK / USA), Stefanie Söhnchen, Vice President Digital, PIABO Communications (DE), Elisabeth Winiartati, Managing Consultant, Head of Global Integrated Communications; Lydia Aprina, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Nita Prabowo, Account Manager, Integrated Marketing and Communications; Okhi, Web Developer, PNTR Group (ID), Kei Obusan, Insights Director; Daffi Ranandi, Insights Manager, Radarr (SG), Gautam Reghunath, Co-founder & CEO, Talented (IN), Donagh Humphreys, Head of Social and Digital Innovation, THINKHOUSE (IRE), Sarah Yim, Strategy Director, Zulu Alpha Kilo (CA).
Trends In Paid Search: Navigating The Digital Landscape In 2024Search Engine Journal
The search marketing landscape is evolving rapidly with new technologies, and professionals, like you, rely on innovative paid search strategies to meet changing demands.
It’s important that you’re ready to implement new strategies in 2024.
Check this out and learn the top trends in paid search advertising that are expected to gain traction, so you can drive higher ROI more efficiently in 2024.
You’ll learn:
- The latest trends in AI and automation, and what this means for an evolving paid search ecosystem.
- New developments in privacy and data regulation.
- Emerging ad formats that are expected to make an impact next year.
Watch Sreekant Lanka from iQuanti and Irina Klein from OneMain Financial as they dive into the future of paid search and explore the trends, strategies, and technologies that will shape the search marketing landscape.
If you’re looking to assess your paid search strategy and design an industry-aligned plan for 2024, then this webinar is for you.
5 Public speaking tips from TED - Visualized summarySpeakerHub
From their humble beginnings in 1984, TED has grown into the world’s most powerful amplifier for speakers and thought-leaders to share their ideas. They have over 2,400 filmed talks (not including the 30,000+ TEDx videos) freely available online, and have hosted over 17,500 events around the world.
With over one billion views in a year, it’s no wonder that so many speakers are looking to TED for ideas on how to share their message more effectively.
The article “5 Public-Speaking Tips TED Gives Its Speakers”, by Carmine Gallo for Forbes, gives speakers five practical ways to connect with their audience, and effectively share their ideas on stage.
Whether you are gearing up to get on a TED stage yourself, or just want to master the skills that so many of their speakers possess, these tips and quotes from Chris Anderson, the TED Talks Curator, will encourage you to make the most impactful impression on your audience.
See the full article and more summaries like this on SpeakerHub here: https://speakerhub.com/blog/5-presentation-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers
See the original article on Forbes here:
http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/sites/carminegallo/2016/05/06/5-public-speaking-tips-ted-gives-its-speakers/&refURL=&referrer=#5c07a8221d9b
ChatGPT and the Future of Work - Clark Boyd Clark Boyd
Everyone is in agreement that ChatGPT (and other generative AI tools) will shape the future of work. Yet there is little consensus on exactly how, when, and to what extent this technology will change our world.
Businesses that extract maximum value from ChatGPT will use it as a collaborative tool for everything from brainstorming to technical maintenance.
For individuals, now is the time to pinpoint the skills the future professional will need to thrive in the AI age.
Check out this presentation to understand what ChatGPT is, how it will shape the future of work, and how you can prepare to take advantage.
A brief introduction to DataScience with explaining of the concepts, algorithms, machine learning, supervised and unsupervised learning, clustering, statistics, data preprocessing, real-world applications etc.
It's part of a Data Science Corner Campaign where I will be discussing the fundamentals of DataScience, AIML, Statistics etc.
Time Management & Productivity - Best PracticesVit Horky
Here's my presentation on by proven best practices how to manage your work time effectively and how to improve your productivity. It includes practical tips and how to use tools such as Slack, Google Apps, Hubspot, Google Calendar, Gmail and others.
The six step guide to practical project managementMindGenius
The six step guide to practical project management
If you think managing projects is too difficult, think again.
We’ve stripped back project management processes to the
basics – to make it quicker and easier, without sacrificing
the vital ingredients for success.
“If you’re looking for some real-world guidance, then The Six Step Guide to Practical Project Management will help.”
Dr Andrew Makar, Tactical Project Management
3. 自己紹介
英語の文法をコーパス基盤で量的・質的に研究
統計も少しだけ
以下のような構文について研究してます
(1) a. James came running up the stairs. (BNC-FRS)
b. We went shopping in Brighton. (BNC-FB9)
c. He sent the clerk hurrying into the back room to get a
dark grey suit. (BNC-CDN)
d. She ran after him, calling his name. (BNC-A0N)
e. Dan walked from the room, his head reeling. (BNC-FAB)
2
18. Collostructional Approach
構文と語の結合度を調べる統計的手法 (Stefanowitsch and Gries 2003)
collostruction < collocation + construction
Table 2: Collostructional Analysis
Construction c Other constructions Row totals
Verb v w x w+x
Other verbs y z y+z
Column totals a+c b+d a+b+c+d
Table3: Observed frequencies of give and the ditransitive in the ICE-GB
(Gries 2012: 480)
ditransitive construction ¬ditransitive construction Row totals
give 461 (9) 699 (1,151) 1,160
¬give 574 (1,026) 136,930 (136,478) 137,504
Column totals 1,035 137,629 138,664
13
19. Collostructional Approach
二重目的語構文における分析結果とその意義
Table 4: Collexemes most strongly attracted to the ditransitive construction
(Stefanowitsch and Gries 2003: 229)
Collexeme (n) Collostruction strength Collexeme (n) Collostruction strength
give (461) 0 allocate (4) 2.91E-06
tell (128) 1.6E-127 wish (9) 3.11E-06
send (64) 7.26E-68 accord (3) 8.15E-06
offer (43) 3.31E-49 pay (13) 2.34E-05
show (49) 2.23E-33 hand (5) 3.01E-05
cost (20) 1.12E-22 guarantee (4) 4.72E-05
teach (15) 4.32E-16 buy (9) 6.35E-05
award (18) 1.36E-11 assign (3) 2.61E-04
allow (18) 1.12E-10 charge (4) 3.02E-04
lend (7) 2.85E-09 cause (8) 5.56E-04
deny (8) 4.5E-09 ask (12) 6.28E-04
owe (6) 2.67E-08 afford (4) 1.08E-03
promise (7) 3.23E-08 cook (3) 3.34E-03
earn (7) 2.13E-07 spare (2) 3.5E-03
grant (5) 1.33E-06 drop (3) 2.16E-02 14
20. Collostructional Approach
Goldberg (1995: 38)
A: Central Sense: Agent successfully causes recipient to receive patient
e.g. "give", "pass", "throw", "toss", "bring", "take"...
(2) John gave Mary a book.
B: Conditions of Satisfaction imply that agent causes recipient to receive patient
e.g. "guarantee", "promise", "owe"...
(3) Chris promised Pat a car.
C: Agent causes recipient not to receive patient
e.g. "refuse", "deny"...
(4) Mary denied her sister a cake.
D: ...
E: ...
F: ...
15
21. Collostructional Approach
二重目的語構文における分析結果とその意義
Table 4: Collexemes most strongly attracted to the ditransitive construction
(Stefanowitsch and Gries 2003: 229)
Collexeme (n) Collostruction strength Collexeme (n) Collostruction strength
give (461) 0 allocate (4) 2.91E-06
tell (128) 1.6E-127 wish (9) 3.11E-06
send (64) 7.26E-68 accord (3) 8.15E-06
offer (43) 3.31E-49 pay (13) 2.34E-05
show (49) 2.23E-33 hand (5) 3.01E-05
cost (20) 1.12E-22 guarantee (4) 4.72E-05
teach (15) 4.32E-16 buy (9) 6.35E-05
award (18) 1.36E-11 assign (3) 2.61E-04
allow (18) 1.12E-10 charge (4) 3.02E-04
lend (7) 2.85E-09 cause (8) 5.56E-04
deny (8) 4.5E-09 ask (12) 6.28E-04
owe (6) 2.67E-08 afford (4) 1.08E-03
promise (7) 3.23E-08 cook (3) 3.34E-03
earn (7) 2.13E-07 spare (2) 3.5E-03
grant (5) 1.33E-06 drop (3) 2.16E-02 16
28. 大規模コーパスでの分析による検証
Gries (2012) や Bybee (2010) の研究は小規模コーパス
Stefanowitsch and Gries (2003):ICE-GB (1 million words)
Bybee (2010):A spoken (1.1 million) and written (1 million) corpora
大規模コーパス利用への展望 (Gries and Stefanowitsch 2004: 235)
大規模コーパスを利用した研究の問題点
機械的に収集可能な現象だけに研究が制限される可能性
統計的分析への影響
20
29. 大規模コーパスでの分析による検証
British National Corpus (BNC) を利用
約1億語:ICE-GB の約100倍、Bybee (2010) の約50倍
註)BYU-BNC (http://corpus.byu.edu/bnc) は似て非なるコーパス
扱うのは以下の構文
(5) a. He sent the clerk hurrying into the back room to get
a dark grey suit. (BNC-CDN)
b. A series of small explosions one morning brought Alec
running out of the top of the steps. (BNC-B1X)
c. A day's yacht charter took us threading through the islands
(BNC-BPJ)
d. My boyfriend Fisher Stevens will have to drag me
kicking and screaming out of the house. (BNC-CH2)21
30. 大規模コーパスでの分析による検証
分析対象と方法
定形の動詞と非定形 (-ing形) の動詞の collostruction strength
Verbs of Sending and Carrying (Levin 1993: 132-137)
e.g. "airmail", "FedEX", "pass", "send", "roll", "bring", "take", "drive"
NP V NP V-ing P(P) という形式を持つもの全て
結果:303 例
動詞の頻度検索:語彙素タグ e.g. hw="send" pos="VERB" (sent, sends, sending, etc.)
全構文数:センテンス・タグ e.g. <s n="777">
22
31. 大規模コーパスでの分析による検証
Table 6: Collostructional Approach to the construction
The Construction Other constructions Row totals
crashing 38 2,139 2,177
Other verbs 265 6,023,842 6,024,107
Column totals 303 6,025,981 6,026,284
p=3.469382e-83
log103.46938e-83
= - 82.460
23
33. 大規模コーパスでの分析による検証
80
60
Collostruction_Strength
40
20
0
0 10 20 30
Raw_Frequency
Figure 2: Correlation between Collostruction Strength and Raw Frequency
25
34. REFERENCES
Baayen, Harald. 1993. On frequency, transparency, and productivity. In G. E. Booij
and J. van Marle (eds.) Yearbook of morphology. 181-208. Dordrecht: Kluwer
Academic.
Boas, Hans C. 2001. A constructional approach to resultatives. Stanford, Calif.: CSLI
Publications.
Bybee, Joan L. 1985. Morphology: A study of the relation between meaning and
form. Amsterdam ; Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
---. 2010. Language, usage and cognition. Cambridge; New York: Cambridge
University Press.
--- and David Eddington. 2006. A usage-based approach to Spanish verbs of
'becoming'. Language 82:2. 323-355.
--- and Paul Hopper. (eds.) 2001. Frequency and the emergence of linguistic structure.
Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company.
Chao, Yuen Ren. 1950. LanguageReview of Human behavior and the principle of
least effort: An introduction to human ecology by George Kingsley Zipf. Language
26:3. 394-401.
35. REFERENCES
Fillmore, Charles J. 1988. The mechanisms of "Construction Grammar". Proceedings
of the Fourteenth Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society. 35-55.
---, Paul Kay, Mary Catherine O'Connor. 1988. Regularity and idiomaticity in
Grammatical Constructions: The case of let alone. Language 64:3. 501-538.
Goldberg, Adele E. 1995. Constructions: A construction grammar approach to
argument structure. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Gries. 2012. Frequencies, probabilities, and association measures in usage-/exemplar-
based linguistics: Some necessary clarifications. Studies in Language 11:3.
477-510.
Gries Stefan Th., Beate Hampe, and Doris Schönefeld. 2005. Converging evidence:
Bringing together experimental and corpus data on the association of verbs and
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