The document provides information about the geography, demographics, history, government, economy, and culture of Turkey. Turkey is located in both Eastern Europe and Western Asia, bordering 8 countries. It has a population of over 74 million people, most of whom are Turkish or Kurdish. Turkey was historically influenced by Persian, Greek, Roman, and Ottoman empires. It is now a secular parliamentary republic established in 1923 under the leadership of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.

1. by
OZGE CAKMAK and EGEMEN KOTEK

2. Republic of Turkey
FLAG
Mustafa Kemal, "Atatürk" - Father of the Turks:
"Peace at Home, Peace in the World.”
SHIELD

3. The Republic of Turkey is an
Eurasian country that stretches
across the Anatolian peninsula in
western Asia and Thrace in the
Balkan region of southeastern
Europe.
It is bordered by eight countries:
Bulgaria to the northwest, Greece
to the west, Georgia to the
northeast, Armenia, Azerbaijan and
Iran to the east, and Iraq and
Syria to the southeast. The capital
of Turkey is Ankara, but the most
populated is Istanbul

4. Boundaries
Total: 2,648 km
Border countries: Armenia 268 km, Azerbaijan 9 km, Bulgaria 240 km, Georgia
252 km, Greece 206 km, Iran 499 km, Iraq 352 km, Syria 822 km
Coastline:
7200 km
Climate:
Temperate; hot, dry summers with mild, wet winters; harsher in interior.
Area :
780,580 km2

5. Total Population:74 724 269(estimated in 2011)
Turkish(80%), Kurdish(19%), Others(1%;Arabs,Turkmen,Greek,
Circassian,Zaza,Laz)
→İstanbul:13 624 240
→Ankara:4 890 893
→İzmir:3 965 232

6. • Republican Parliamentary Democracy.
• Was a republican in 1923.
• The president established authoritarian. Millitary Interruptions
• This lasted until 1950.
• Few interruption from the military.
• Current constitution was written in 1982.
• One-house legislature called The Grand
National Assembly.
• 500 people elected every 5 years. The Grand National Assembly
• Prime minister and the President share
power.
• Restrictions of Political Parties.
• Five biggest Parties in Turkey.

President Prime Minister

7. The Anatolian peninsula (also called Minor Asia), comprising most of
modern Turkey, is one of the oldest continually inhabited regions in
the world due to its location at the intersection of Asia and Europe.
Anatolia was under the control of:
• Persia (V century BC)
• Greece (fourth century BC)
• Sparta (fourth century BC)
• Rome (Emperor Constantine named the city of Istanbul as
Constantinople) (II century BC to IV century AD)
The Roman theatre in Aspendos.
Aspendos or Aspendus (Greek Άζπεν
δος) was an ancient Greco-Roman city
in Antalya province of Turkey.

8. The Turks and the Ottoman Empire
In the 10th century, the Seljuks started migrating from their ancestral
homelands towards the eastern regions of Anatolia, which eventually
became the new homeland of Oğuz Turkic tribes following the Battle of
Manzikert (Malazgirt) in 1071.
In the fifteenth century it was conquered by the Ottoman army (the
capital city was renamed Istanbul)
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk,
founder and first President
of the Republic of Turkey

9. Turkey is in different time zones
Turkey Spain
Language:
Turkish is the sole official language
throughout Turkey.
More than 150 million people speak Turkish in the
world

10. Turkey is officially a secular Republic. The
Turkish Constitution provides the freedom Blue Mosque
of religion and conscience, but does not
represent or promote a religion. The
population of Turkey is predominantly
Muslim (99%), the majority are Sunni (75%)
and a large minority are Alevi (15-25%).The
remainder of the population are mainly
Christians (mostly Greek Orthodox and
Armenian Apostolic) and Jews (96%
Sephardi and 4% Ashkenazi). According to a
nationwide survey in 2007, 96.8% of Turkish
citizens have a religion, while 3.2% are
irreligious and atheists. 56% of male Muslim
citizens regularly attend Friday prayers.

11. →Estimated GDP in 2011 is
$1.073 trillion and $14,517
per capita.
→16th biggest economy in
the world,6th in Europe.
→Inflation rate is
10.43%(February 2012)
→Unemployment rate is
8.8%
(December 2011)

12. →Main industries are textile,food processing,autos,
electronics,tourism,mining,steel,petroleum,
construction, lumber,paper
→Main export partners;Germany 9.6%,France
6.1%,U.K 5.8%,Italy 5.8%,Iraq 5%
→Main import partners;Russia 14%,Germany
10%,China 9%,U.S 6.1%,Italy 5.4%,France 5%

13. →Literacy rate is 94.1%(2011)
→Compulsary 8 years education,primary school
between the ages of 7 and 15

14. →20% of Turkey’s population is Kurdish.
→More than 35,000 people have died in the Kurdish
conflict since the PKK turned to terrorism in 1984.
→Abdullah Ocalan, leader of rebel terrorist group
(PKK)

15. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Conquerer Mehmet
Magnificent Süleyman
İbn-i Sina
Mevlana Celaleddin Rumi
Nasreddin Hodja
Piri Reis
Architecture Sinan