This document discusses translation, localization, and globalization. It defines translation as communication and understanding between languages that has existed for thousands of years. Localization is adapting products, services, and cultures to local markets, involving both language and non-language adaptation. Globalization refers to international expansion and the sharing of ideas globally, which has occurred for thousands of years but is now accelerated by technology connecting the world. The document provides examples of how companies like McDonald's and automakers localize their offerings in different cultures and regions.