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Similar to CSI - Transforming the Food System
Similar to CSI - Transforming the Food System (20)
CSI - Transforming the Food System
- 1. Transforming the Food System: How to Use a Race Healing and Equity Lens for Meaningful Change Center for Social Inclusion WKKF Food Grantee Meeting May 8, 2013
- 2. CSI’s Goal: Structural Inclusion
- 6. Food Deserts: A National Problem
- 7. The Price of Food: 1985-2000
- 8. Food Prep and Service workers earn sub-living wages and tend to be people of color Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics. Occupational Employment Data. North Carolina Survey. Nationally, forty percent of all food preparation workers are people of color
- 9. 9 Race and Jobs: Restaurant Business ROC United, 2012 “Behind the Kitchen Door” Front of the House Back of the House 1in 3 Blacks and nearly 1 in 2 Asians and Latinos work in the Back of the House compared to 1 in 5 Whites.
- 10. Average Income for Farm Laborers Source: National Agricultural Worker Survey • 72% of all Farmworkers are foreign born (68% of all farmworkers are from Mexico) • 23% of all farmworkers live below the federal poverty line
- 11. Land Loss among Black Farmers • Over 23 million acres (2.3% of all agricultural land) lost from 1982 – 2007 to commercialization, prospecting, and “development”. Between 1982 - 2007 • Over that same period Black farmers lost 800,000 acres, about 25% of their land, compared to 2.3% for all others Source: USDA
- 12. Who Misses Out on Subsidies?
- 13. Insurance is Missing Farmers of Color
- 14. Structural Racial Exclusion Land Transportation Housing Civic Participation EmploymentEducation Environment Multi-institutional (not just institutional racism) Policy driven Impact on attitudes Impact is racialized Intent to discriminate not required Racial disparities are symptoms
- 16. Policies Matter…A LOT Social Security Federal Housing Administration GI Bill
- 17. Supermarkets & Suburbanization 1930: King Cullen: “Pile it high: Sell it Low” • 30 million Americans lack access to healthy foods • 1 in 4 Blacks in food deserts
- 18. Production Processing Distribution Retail Market A working food system: Farm to Fork
- 19. The Structure of Food
- 20. HEALTHY: Detroit Black Food Security Network FAIR: Coalition of Immokalee Workers GREEN: Don Bustos AFFORDABLE: Common Market Grantees are Leading the Way
- 21. Core Elements of Strategy
- 22. Strategy Questions ID problem Who benefits? Is harmed? How? ID 3+ institutions impacting the problem (good or bad) ID 3 policies impacting the problem (good or bad) Which impact the root causes? Facts? History?
- 23. Impact Questions Would grassroots communities and communities of color be more able to shape food policy at local, regional and/or national levels? Would communities of color have better economic opportunities (e.g. jobs, ability to become farmers, regional food hubs) because of the impact you are making? What relevant challenges or problems would not change if your identified entry point is successful?
Editor's Notes
- Right before such a precipitous drop off, in 1982 the average net worth of a White farm in the South was : 171,000. For Blacks it was 71,000 This graphs just displays the extreme loss of land by black farmers between 1910 and 1997 by the various policies and lack of protections. 1920, Black farmers represented 97 percent of non-White farmers; by 1992, they accounted for only 43 percent. In 1910, 218,000 Black farmers were registered as full or part owners of 15 million acres of land. By 2007, 28,000 Black farmers were full or part owners of 2.9 million acres of land. Economic Research Service. “Agricultural Outlook Report.” 1998. http://www.ers.usda.gov/publications/agoutlook/may1998/ao251d.pdf Federation of Southern Cooperatives. “Data Sheet.” http://www.federationsoutherncoop.com/landloss.htm Graph source: Sills, et. al., Sustaining Diversity: Limited-resource Forest Landowners in the Southern United States PowerPoint Data Source: Census of Agriculture 2007 and preceding years
- Because farming entails considerable economic risk, an effective crop insurance policy protects farmers from the loss of income that can result from a weather-related disaster or revenue decline. In addition, having crop insurance helps farmers obtain credit, which is essential to the success of most farm operations. Farmers need to purchase “inputs” such as seeds and fertilizer before the growing season begins, but it is usually many months before they earn revenue from the sale of their products. Lenders are more willing to extend credit to farmers who have crop insurance, which protects lenders’ investments. Farmers without access to farm loans may need to finance expenses using consumer credit cards that charge much higher interest rates, presenting a challenge to the successful operation of their business. (http://www.ucsusa.org/assets/documents/food_and_agriculture/ensuring-the-harvest-full-report.pdf)
- The USDA offers two conceptually identical pilot whole-farm-revenue insurance policies targeted at diversified fruit and vegetable farms: Adjusted Gross Revenue and Adjusted Gross Revenue-Lite. We refer to these policies collectively as AGR in this report because their distinctions are immaterial for the issues we evaluate. AGR provides coverage to farmers if their aggregate revenue from all commodities produced on the farm falls beneath their five-year historical average. AGR allows farmers to buy cropspecific insurance policies if they are available and to simultaneously purchase AGR for crops or livestock that are otherwise uninsurable. AGR is critical for the following reasons: • It was the first policy to insure livestock production, and remains the only policy that simultaneously covers both crop and livestock production on an integrated farm. • It is the only policy, where it is available, that allows fruit and vegetable producers to obtain insurance in regions lacking crop-specific policies. • Unlike most crop-specific insurance policies, it allows organic production to be insured at market value and does not assess the 5 percent organic premium surcharge. The most obvious reason why few farmers are buying AGR is that its availability, as a pilot program, is limited geographically. Even in regions where it exists, it may not be available in a practical sense if local insurance agents, tax attorneys, and accountants do not market the policy. Table 1 shows that in 2010 and 2011, more than 50 percent of the AGR policies were sold to farmers in Washington State, and almost 80 percent were sold in three Pacific states. In other parts of the country, purchases of AGR are only occurring at a de minimis level. A second challenge with AGR is that some farmers perceive the premiums as being too high relative to the level of coverage. The premium calculation in an insurance policy depends on how much financial responsibility the farmer assumes when a loss occurs and the method by which the policy rewards diversification. and deductibles are often much higher compared to commodity crops
- Analyze: Context and Environment Choose a direction Act Surface Assumptions Question how you are doing