1. The document describes the assembly process of a toy pig and establishes predetermined time standards for each step. 2. Key steps include preparing parts, assigning a worker, designing a workstation, recording motions in a data sheet, and computing the number of toys a worker can assemble in an 8 hour day. 3. Benefits of using predetermined time standards include establishing time standards without disrupting operations, improving productivity, and identifying areas for assembly process improvement.

1. TOY PIG Assembly
By group 5:
Angelica Agacita
Fruilene Isabel Panes
Lanmark Mabasa
Ian Nilo Andales

2. Objectives :
At the end of the activity the students are expected
to:
• Apply the concept of hand and motion economy
as well as the use of therbligs in the study
• Analyze every step in the toy pig assembly
process
• Make an effective data sheet
• Make use of predetermine time standard

3. worker
toy pig

4. Apparatus :
nose
body
feet
face

5. Procedure:
• Prepare the parts of toy pig to be assembled
• Assign a worker to perform the experiment (the toy pig
assembly)
• Create a workstation that is the best workstation in assembling
the toy pig
• Make a data sheet containing left and right hand chart,
therbligs, including the descriptions of every motion of the
worker and standard time of assembly by using PTSS
• After creating the best workstation and the data sheet, perform
now the experiment (the toy pig assembly)

6. • While the worker performs, make an observation , do the time
study and record the motions of the worker.
• Fill the data sheet with the information gathered.
• Compute the units that a worker can finish on a day(8hrs).
• Publish the results.

7. What is Predetermined Time
Standard?

8. Theoretical Background
• MTM (Mynard, Stegemerten & Schwab, 1948) gives time values for the
fundamental motions of reach, move, turn, grasp, position, disengage
and release. The author defined MTM as “a procedure which analyzes
any manual operation or method into the basic motion required to
perform it, and assigns to each motion a pre-determined time standard
which is determined by the nature of the motion and the conditions
under which it is made.”
• Provides detailed information of the work elements (Groover,2007)

9. Theoretical Background
• Experience has proved that companies that have developed sound
standards based on measurement are more likely to meet scheduled
delivery dates for their products.
• The use of PTS allows the introduction of up – to – date production
control procedure, with the resulting advantage to customers who get
their merchandise when they want and need it.
• Also, it tends to make any company more time – and – cost conscious;
this usually results in lower selling prices.(Freivalds, et.al)

10. Theoretical background
• In measuring the time standard, you must take the step-by-step
procedure.
1. Select the job to study
2. Collect information about the job
3. Divide the job into elements
4. Do the actual time study
5. Extend the time study
6. Determine the number of cycles to be timed
7. Rate, level and normalize the operator’s performance
8. Apply allowances
9. Check for logic
10. Publish the time standard

11. Proposal
Chair Table acrylic bin

12. W
O
R
K
S
T
A
T
I
O
N
D
E
S
I
G
N

13. Proposal

14. WRONG SITTING FORMATION OF CORRECT SITTING FORMATION OF
THE BODY IN DOING THE WORK THE BODY IN DOING THE WORK

15. THER DISTANC THER
LEFT TMU RIGHT
BLIGS ES BLIGS
Reach for the body of the toy Reach for the body of the toy
TE 16.3 11.4 TE
pig pig
Grasp the body of the toy pig G 16.3 2.0 G Grasp the body of the toy pig
Transport the body of the toy Transport the body of the toy
TL 10 13.5 TL
pig to the 1st jig pig to the 1st jig
Position the body of the toy Position the body of the toy
P 10 16.2 P
pig to the 1st jig pig to the 1st jig
Reach for the face of the toy Reach for the face of the toy
TE 17.9 12.3 TE
pig pig
Grasp the face of the toy pig G 17.9 2.0 G Grasp the face of the toy pig
Transport the face of the toy Transport the face of the toy
TL 10 13.5 TL
pig to the body pig to the body

16. THER DISTANC THER
LEFT TMU RIGHT
BLIGS ES BLIGS
Position the face of the toy Position the face of the toy
P 10 16.2 P
pig to the body pig to the body
Reach for the nose of the toy Reach for the nose of the
TE 20.9 13.1 TE
pig toy pig
Grasp the nose of the toy
Grasp the nose of the toy pig G 20.9 2.0 G
pig
Transport the nose of the toy Transport the nose of the toy
TL 10 13.5 TL
pig to the face pig to the face
Position the nose of the toy Position the nose of the toy
P 10 16.2 P
pig to the face pig to the face
Grasp the assembled body, Grasp the assembled body,
G 10 2.0 G
face and nose of the toy pig face and nose of the toy pig
Transport the assembled Transport the assembled
body,face and nose of the toy TL 12 15.2 TL body,face and nose of the
pig to the 2nd jig. toy pig to the 2nd jig.

17. THER DISTANC THER
LEFT TMU RIGHT
BLIGS ES BLIGS
Place the assembled body, Place the assembled body,
face and nose of the toy pig to P 12 16.2 P face and nose of the toy pig
the 2nd jig to the 2nd jig
Reach for the 1st feet of the Reach for the 1st feet of the
TE 26.3 15.8 TE
1st toy pig 2nd toy pig
Grasp the 1st feet of the 1st Grasp the 1st feet of the 2nd
G 26.3 2.0 G
toy pig toy pig
Transport the 1st feet of the 1st Transport the 1st feet of the
toy pig to the assembled body, TL 12 15.2 TL 2nd toy pig to the assembled
face, and nose body, face, and nose
Position the 1st feet to the Position the 1st feet to the
assembled body, face, and P 12 16.2 P assembled body, face, and
nose nose
Reach for the 2nd feet of the Reach for the 2nd feet of the
TE 26.3 15.8 TE
toy pig toy pig
Grasp the 2nd feet of the1st Grasp the 2nd feet of the
G 26.3 2.0 G

18. THER DISTANC THER
LEFT TMU RIGHT
BLIGS ES BLIGS
Transport the 2nd feet of the Transport the 2nd feet of the
toy pig to the assembled body, TL 12 15.2 TL toy pig to the assembled
face, and nose body, face, and nose
Position the 2nd feet to the
Position the 2nd feet to the
assembled body, face, and P 12 16.2 P
assembled body, face, and
nose
nose
Reach for the 3rd feet of the Reach for the 3rd feet of the
TE 26.3 15.8 TE
1st toy pig 1st toy pig
Grasp the 3rd feet of the 1st Grasp the 3rd feet of the 1st
G 26.3 2.0 G
toy pig toy pig
Transport the 3rd feet of the Transport the 3rd feet of the
toy pig to the assembled body, TL 12 15.2 TL toy pig to the assembled
face, and nose body, face, and nose
Position the 3rd feet to the
Position the 3rd feet to the
assembled body, face, and P 12 16.2 P
assembled body, face, and
nose
nose

19. THER DISTANC THER
LEFT TMU RIGHT
BLIGS ES BLIGS
Reach for the 4th feet of the Reach for the 4th feet of the
TE 26.3 15.8 TE
1st toy pig 1st toy pig
Grasp the 4th feet of the 1st Grasp the 4th feet of the 1st
G 26.3 2.0 G
toy pig toy pig
Transport the 4th feet of the Transport the 4th feet of the
toy pig to the assembled body, TL 12 15.2 TL toy pig to the assembled
face, and nose body, face, and nose
Position the 4th feet to the Position the 4th feet to the
assembled body, face, and P 12 16.2 P assembled body, face, and
nose nose
Grasp the finished assembled Grasp the finished
G 12 2.0 G
toy pig assembled toy pig
Transport the finished
Transport the finished
assembled toy pig to the TL 29.1 29.0 TL
assembled toy pig to the
finished assembly
finished assembly
Release the finished Release the finished
assembled toy pig to the RL 29.1 2.0 RL assembled toy pig to the
finished assembly finished assembly

20. Summary:
THERBLIGS LEFT HAND RIGHT HAND
TE 5 5
G 7 7
TL 7 7
A 4 4
TOTAL 23 23

21. Summary:
Total TMU COMPUTATION
312.9 312.9 * 0.0006 min = 0.19 min = 11.4 sec
Eye Travel Time = 15.2 * (T / D) TMU
13.3 = 15.2 * (29.1 / 33.35)
PTS = 312.9 + 13.3 = 326.2
= 326.2 * 0.0006 min = 0.20 min = 12 sec

22. Analysis: STRENGHTS
• Principle 1: The two hands should begin as well
as complete their motions at the same time.
• Principle 2: The two hand should not be idle at
the same time except during rest periods.
Both hands were able to balance the motions
where it also able to complete the assembly of
the two toy pigs

23. • PRINCIPLE 3: Motion of the arms should be made in opposite
and symmetrical directions and should be made
simultaneously.
The two hands were able to complete the task and its use
were made effectively. It can be seen from the simo chart that
the hands were functioning and the task are balanced.

24. • PRINCIPLE 8: Work should be arranged to permit easy and
natural rhythm wherever possible.
• PRINCIPLE 9: Eye fixations should be as few and as close
together as possible.
The work of the worker permits easy and natural rhythm because the
arrangement of the parts were made according to the distribution of the
task for the hands. The parts were located in away that the operator can
reach without stretching or causing so much effort in assembling the toy
pig. With these the eye fixations are made few.

25. • Principle 10: There should be a definite and fixed place
for all tools and materials.
• Principle 11: Tool, materials, and controls should be
located close to the point of use.
The materials used in assembling the toy ship are readily
available for the worker’s reach. The distances were
made according to the anthropometric measurements or
capability of the operator to reach and work.

26. • Principle 16: The height of the workplace and the chair should
preferably be arranged so that the alternate sitting and standing
are easily possible.
The chair and the working table were provided in a way that
the worker is comfortable to use it. The height does not
permit the operator to work in a restricted motions.

27. • Principle 18: The hands should relieved of all work that
can be done more advantageously by a jig, a fixture, or a
foot - operated device.
• The jigs were provided not only to make the operator
work effectively but as well to finish the two toy pigs at
the same time. As well, the jigs would not affect the
quality of the output.

28. COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS
TOOLS COST BENEFIT
P 50.00 The operator will no longer hold the
JIG 1 parts of the toy pig.
*For the purchase, the management may
JIG 2 P 50.00 contact a furniture maker and ask to make
the designed jigs with a fixed cost of P 50.00
each.
The operator will have a chance to take
chair P 1,229 a rest after long hours of standing
The working table will be utilized for
TABLE P 351.00 the assembly of the toy pigs
ACRYLIC BIN (P 49/ pc.) P 441.00 for 9 pcs. The acrylic bins will be made visible so that
searching will be avoided
TOTAL P 2, 121.00

29. Conclusion
Predetermined time standard system is used to establish time standard in completing a
certain job or any given process. Advantages includes no disruption of the operation during
the study and the standards can be established. They are not too difficult to apply and can
be less time consuming than other methods when time standards are determined. They are
particularly useful for very short repetitive time cycles such as assembly work in the toy
industry. Establishing time standard may help the company identify the part of assembly
that needs improvement. This will also help the company maximize the time of each worker
working on a certain assembly thus improving the productivity that will increase the profit
of the company.