This paper reports the efforts to make topic maps from Subject Headings (SHs) and discuss practical use of them for organizing information and knowledge. SHs are often maintained by libraries and used in bibliographic records. SHs are thesauri and they are well organized. Fortunately some SHs are published on the Web. We transformed them to topic maps. Usually each subject in SHs has own ID. It can play PSI role. By keeping the relationships included in SHs such as Broader-Narrower, Related, USE-UF etc in topic maps, information or knowledge can be linked together and organized according to the structure of SHs. In other words, by using SHs information and knowledge can be topic maps easily.
In order to cope with large-scale topic maps that store a lot of information, it is necessary to utilize topic map databases. Although, database management systems should provide users with external schema functions such as views, topic map databases do not have such functions. In this paper, we propose a method of implementing a view function, by focusing on the fact that the substructure of topic maps can be regarded as a topic map. In order to realize the idea, we developed an access control system based on the view function. Through an experiment to measure the execution time, we confirmed that these functions work correctly and have little effect on the execution time.
Topic Merge Scenarios for Knowledge Federationtmra
This paper introduces a socio-technical infrastructure, described as a boundary infrastructure, based on improvements to existing and emerging Issue-based Information Systems (IBIS) conversation platforms.
In order to cope with large-scale topic maps that store a lot of information, it is necessary to utilize topic map databases. Although, database management systems should provide users with external schema functions such as views, topic map databases do not have such functions. In this paper, we propose a method of implementing a view function, by focusing on the fact that the substructure of topic maps can be regarded as a topic map. In order to realize the idea, we developed an access control system based on the view function. Through an experiment to measure the execution time, we confirmed that these functions work correctly and have little effect on the execution time.
Topic Merge Scenarios for Knowledge Federationtmra
This paper introduces a socio-technical infrastructure, described as a boundary infrastructure, based on improvements to existing and emerging Issue-based Information Systems (IBIS) conversation platforms.
TMAPI 2.0 is new generation of the common Topic Maps API. This tutorial gives an introduction into the changes between TMAPI 1.0 and 2.0 (Java) and demonstrates the API by several examples. Further, this tutorial will give an outlook how TMAPI was adapted to other programming languages (i.e. PHP5). Attendees are expected to have a good understanding of the Topic Maps Data Model (TMDM) and some experience with Java.
Development of a Trans-Field Learning System Based on Multidimensional Topic ...tmra
A knowledge base consisting of topic maps of various fields, such as physics, chemistry, earth science, industry, daily life, history etc., was constructed for an online learning system. Topics in different fields were interlinked by using specific inter-field associations. Also, topics that were cited in more than one field were put in the field where they are most central and were also linked in the contexts of each of the other field. This indicates the multidimensionality of topics linked with multiple topic maps. In addition to the main knowledge base, two types of topic map with smaller granularity were created for test cases. The first was for the expression of variant definitions of basic quantities for various grade levels, and the second was for generating instruction scenarios. These micro-topic maps were linked to the main knowledge base map by attaching the same subject identifiers to corresponding topics in both maps.
Sesión de aprendizaje caza de tesoros-De tal palo tal astillamil61
Elaborado para trabajar en la hora de tutoría. Tema sobre las bebidas alcohólicas y la adolescencia: patrones, riesgos, consecuencias
Elaborado en google sites
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Op 22 november 2016 hebben intermediairs op am:dag kunnen luisteren naar mijn presentatie 'Overleven in een wereld van InsurTechs'. Het gaat tegenwoordig steeds vaker over InsurTech. Het is zoiets als FinTech, maar dan voor de verzekeringsmarkt. InsurTechs zijn innovatieve start-ups in de verzekeringssector die een impact hebben op de traditionele verzekeringsmarkt in het algemeen en op het intermediair in het bijzonder. De aanwezigen werden geïnspireerd met een groot aantal voorbeelden van InsurTechs. Tevens kregen de intermediairs tips om te overleven in een wereld met InsurTechs. Extra content: de infographic 'Dutch Fintech Landscap' is als laatste slide opgenomen.
Op zoek naar een inspirerende spreker over innovatie in de financiële sector? Stuur een informatieverzoek naar pascal.spelier@capgemini.com of kijk op www.finno.nl.
TMAPI 2.0 is new generation of the common Topic Maps API. This tutorial gives an introduction into the changes between TMAPI 1.0 and 2.0 (Java) and demonstrates the API by several examples. Further, this tutorial will give an outlook how TMAPI was adapted to other programming languages (i.e. PHP5). Attendees are expected to have a good understanding of the Topic Maps Data Model (TMDM) and some experience with Java.
Development of a Trans-Field Learning System Based on Multidimensional Topic ...tmra
A knowledge base consisting of topic maps of various fields, such as physics, chemistry, earth science, industry, daily life, history etc., was constructed for an online learning system. Topics in different fields were interlinked by using specific inter-field associations. Also, topics that were cited in more than one field were put in the field where they are most central and were also linked in the contexts of each of the other field. This indicates the multidimensionality of topics linked with multiple topic maps. In addition to the main knowledge base, two types of topic map with smaller granularity were created for test cases. The first was for the expression of variant definitions of basic quantities for various grade levels, and the second was for generating instruction scenarios. These micro-topic maps were linked to the main knowledge base map by attaching the same subject identifiers to corresponding topics in both maps.
Sesión de aprendizaje caza de tesoros-De tal palo tal astillamil61
Elaborado para trabajar en la hora de tutoría. Tema sobre las bebidas alcohólicas y la adolescencia: patrones, riesgos, consecuencias
Elaborado en google sites
20161122 presentatie 'overleven in een wereld van insurtechs' am dag 2016-sli...Pascal Spelier
Op 22 november 2016 hebben intermediairs op am:dag kunnen luisteren naar mijn presentatie 'Overleven in een wereld van InsurTechs'. Het gaat tegenwoordig steeds vaker over InsurTech. Het is zoiets als FinTech, maar dan voor de verzekeringsmarkt. InsurTechs zijn innovatieve start-ups in de verzekeringssector die een impact hebben op de traditionele verzekeringsmarkt in het algemeen en op het intermediair in het bijzonder. De aanwezigen werden geïnspireerd met een groot aantal voorbeelden van InsurTechs. Tevens kregen de intermediairs tips om te overleven in een wereld met InsurTechs. Extra content: de infographic 'Dutch Fintech Landscap' is als laatste slide opgenomen.
Op zoek naar een inspirerende spreker over innovatie in de financiële sector? Stuur een informatieverzoek naar pascal.spelier@capgemini.com of kijk op www.finno.nl.
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A presentation by Susanne Thorbord, Bibliographic Consultant at the Danish Bibliographic Centre (DBC).
Delivered at the Cataloguing and Indexing Group Scotland (CIGS) Linked Open Data (LOD) Conference which took place Fri 21 September 2012 at the Edinburgh Centre for Carbon Innovation.
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Usage of Linked Data: Introduction and Application ScenariosEUCLID project
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This webinar provides a general update on the work being undertaken. It describes the development of an Application Profile for ISBD to specify the sequence, repeatability, and mandatory status of its elements. It discusses issues involved in deriving linked data from legacy catalogue records based on monolithic and multi-part schemas following ISBD and FRBR, such as the duplication which arises from copy cataloging and FRBRization. The webinar provides practical examples of deriving high-quality linked data from the vast numbers of records created by libraries, and demonstrates how a shift of focus from records to linked-data triples can provide more efficient and effective user-centered resource discovery services.
IFLA LIDASIG Open Session 2017: Introduction to Linked DataLars G. Svensson
At the IFLA Linked Data Special Interest Group open session in Wroclaw we briefly introduced the mission of the SIG and then went on to a brief introduction to what linked data is and why that topic is important to libraries.
The presentation was held jointly by Astrid Verheusen (general introduction to the SIG) and Lars G. Svensson (introduction to Linked Data)
SKOS - 2007 Open Forum on Metadata Registries - NYCjonphipps
An brief introduction to SKOS (Simple Knowledge Organization Systems) and its usage in the NSDL Metadata Registry, with some discussion of current challenges.
Lecture at the advanced course on Data Science of the SIKS research school, May 20, 2016, Vught, The Netherlands.
Contents
-Why do we create Linked Open Data? Example questions from the Humanities and Social Sciences
-Introduction into Linked Open Data
-Lessons learned about the creation of Linked Open Data (link discovery, knowledge representation, evaluation).
-Accessing Linked Open Data
Constantly Under Construction: STW Thesaurus for Economics Linked Data Maint...Joachim Neubert
Talk at Dublin Core Libraries Community (Sep 5, 2013 in Lisbon). Includes a first draft of a version history for SKOS files - see project on https://github.com/jneubert/skos-history
In short, Maiana is the first social Topic Maps browser to share, mix and explore data interlinked. The platform is based on the Ruby on Rails web technology running with JRuby and uses the Topic Maps engine RTM. RTM manages the connections to several other Topic Maps engines like Ontopia, MaJorToM and Hatana.
Evaluation of Instances Asset in a Topic Maps-Based Ontologytmra
In connection with structuring and sharing of knowledge in a form of ontologies the question of their assets evaluation occurs. This short paper presents the methodology of asset evaluation of individual instances in ontology based on standard of Topic Maps. The evaluation comes out of weights assignment to instances and associations in ontology and total weight calculation for individual instance and its surroundings. Searching results can be ranked according to this total weight expressing information asset of individual instance.
Defining Domain-Specific Facets for Topic Maps With TMQL Path Expressionstmra
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Designing a GUI Description Language with Topic Mapstmra
This paper presents the concepts of a description language to be created to design a graphical user interface (GUI) for specific ontologies defined in Topic Maps.
AToM2 – a ”web database” with Topic Maps rootstmra
AToM2 is 1. an application framework for building semantically oriented projects
(like encyclopaedias, legal systems, vocabularies, knowledge bases, sophisticated CMSs …), 2. a high performance and usability oriented feature-rich web database, and 3. strongly influenced by Topic Maps concepts and slightly inspired by other semantic techniques
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This presentation provides a briefing on how to upload submissions and documents in Google Classroom. It was prepared as part of an orientation for new Sainik School in-service teacher trainees. As a training officer, my goal is to ensure that you are comfortable and proficient with this essential tool for managing assignments and fostering student engagement.
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Prepare a presentation or a paper using research, basic comparative analysis, data organization and application of economic information. You will make an informed assessment of an economic climate outside of the United States to accomplish an entertainment industry objective.
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Biological screening of herbal drugs: Introduction and Need for
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The Roman Empire, a vast and enduring power, stands as one of history's most remarkable civilizations, leaving an indelible imprint on the world. It emerged from the Roman Republic, transitioning into an imperial powerhouse under the leadership of Augustus Caesar in 27 BCE. This transformation marked the beginning of an era defined by unprecedented territorial expansion, architectural marvels, and profound cultural influence.
The empire's roots lie in the city of Rome, founded, according to legend, by Romulus in 753 BCE. Over centuries, Rome evolved from a small settlement to a formidable republic, characterized by a complex political system with elected officials and checks on power. However, internal strife, class conflicts, and military ambitions paved the way for the end of the Republic. Julius Caesar’s dictatorship and subsequent assassination in 44 BCE created a power vacuum, leading to a civil war. Octavian, later Augustus, emerged victorious, heralding the Roman Empire’s birth.
Under Augustus, the empire experienced the Pax Romana, a 200-year period of relative peace and stability. Augustus reformed the military, established efficient administrative systems, and initiated grand construction projects. The empire's borders expanded, encompassing territories from Britain to Egypt and from Spain to the Euphrates. Roman legions, renowned for their discipline and engineering prowess, secured and maintained these vast territories, building roads, fortifications, and cities that facilitated control and integration.
The Roman Empire’s society was hierarchical, with a rigid class system. At the top were the patricians, wealthy elites who held significant political power. Below them were the plebeians, free citizens with limited political influence, and the vast numbers of slaves who formed the backbone of the economy. The family unit was central, governed by the paterfamilias, the male head who held absolute authority.
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Subject Headings make information to be topic maps
1. Subject Headings make information to be
topic maps
2010-9-30
Motomu Naito
Center for Integrated Area Studies (CIAS)
Kyoto University
motom@green.ocn.ne.jp
Ψ http://psi.ontopedia.net/Motomu_Naito
http://www.cias.kyoto-u.ac.jp/english/CIAS/
3. 1. Background: Area Study and Area Informatics
This activity is a part of activities of Area Informatics in Center
for Integrated Area Study (CIAS) in Kyoto university
Area Study is an Interdisciplinary Science
Understanding/comparing areas comprehensively
Diverse languages/subjects/disciplines/methodologies:
• history, literature, religions, politics, economics, ethnology, folklore,
agriculture, environment, etc.
Area Informatics
Informatics paradigm in area studies
Focusing on quantitative analysis
• Objective, comparative and reproducible approaches
• Spatiotemporal attributes of events
Knowledge discovery supports
• Integration of disciplines
• Creation of hypotheses
Source: Shoichiro Hara, TMJP2010,
http://www.knowledge-synergy.com/events/documents/TMJP2010-hara.pdf
4. Model of Area Informatics
Source: Shoichiro Hara, TMJP2010
5. 2.Purpose
- Making and maintaining well organized knowledge is very hard
and time consuming work
- There have been many well organized knowledge
(ex: NDLSH, BSH, LCSH, JST thesaurus, etc.)
- Fortunately some Subject Headings (SHs) are published on the web
and we can use them (ex: NDLSH, LCSH)
Purpose of our activity:
To make good system for linking and organizing Area
Studies related information
Purpose of today’s presentation:
To report and discuss about our efforts to make topic
maps and PSI from SHs
4
6. 3.Subject Headings
What is Subject Headings:
Wikipedia redirects “Subject Headings” to “Index term” and
define the term as
“An index term, subject term, subject heading, or descriptor, in
information retrieval, is a term that captures the essence of the
topic of a document. Index terms make up a controlled vocabulary
for use in bibliographic records.”
(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_term)
・We are working on the following SHs at the moment
- NDLSH, BSH and LCSH
・Probably we can find much more SHs in various countries
- German SH, Norwegian SH, Finnish SH, Thai SH, etc.
5
7. 3.1 NDLSH
・ NDLSH: National Diet Library Subject Headings, in Japan
・We are making topic map from NDLSH 2008 Version
- Subject Headings:17,953
- Subject Headings + Reference words:47,816 (47,377)
- BT-NT relation:13,220 RT relation: 9,738
- USE-UF relation with LCSH: 11,663
・Conversion from the SH to Topic Map
- Subject Headings -> Topics
- BT-NT, RT, USE-UF relation -> Associations
- USE-UF, SA relation, Scope note, reading, … -> Occurrences
・ SHs have each own ID that can be used as PSI (e.g. 00574308)
・ If NDLSH shares PSI with LCSH, it can be merged with LCSH
・ NDLSH was exposed on the Web
We can download it from http://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlsh 6
8. Some part of NDLSH
Subject Headings around “ビール: Beer”
7
12. NDLSH topic map application
Screen shots of the application
11
13. 3.2 LCSH
・ LCSH : Library of Congress Subject Headings in US
・ We are making topic map from LCSH
- We downloaded it from “http://id.loc.gov/authorities/”
- Subject Headings : 380, 123
- BT-NT : 254,651 RT : 11,137
・ RDF (SKOS) to Topic Maps using Omnigator
- SH (core:Concept) -> Topics
- BT-NT, RT relation -> Associations
- scopeNote, created, modified, comment etc. -> Occurrences
・ SHs have each own identifiers as URI that can be used as PSIs
(e.g. http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85000002#concept)
・ LCSH has already exposed on the Web in consideration of
Linked data
12
14. Some part of LCSH
Subject Headings around “Beer”
13
15. Origianal data
LCSH is provided as RDF format data
<rdf:Description rdf:about="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85012832#concept">
: :
<skos:narrower rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh97006323#concept"/>
<skos:broader rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85080196#concept"/>
<skos:closeMatch
rdf:resource="http://stitch.cs.vu.nl/vocabularies/rameau/ark:/12148/cb11965887d"/>
<skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities#conceptScheme"/>
<skos:inScheme rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities#topicalTerms"/>
<rdf:type rdf:resource="http://www.w3.org/2004/02/skos/core#Concept"/>
<skos:related rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85003341#concept"/>
<skos:related rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85016775#concept"/>
<skos:related rdf:resource="http://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85031951#concept"/>
<skos:prefLabel xml:lang="en">Beer</skos:prefLabel>
<owl:sameAs rdf:resource="info:lc/authorities/sh85012832"/>
<dcterms:modified
rdf:datatype="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema#dateTime">1989-03-
22T15:09:28-04:00</dcterms:modified>
</rdf:Description>
14
17. LCSH topic map application
Screen shots of the application
18. 4. Practical use of Subject Headings
Many practical uses are possible
For example:
・ Organizing internal and external information according to SHs
・ Multilanguage mapping using LCSH as a core system
・ Mutual complementing of our concept classification and SHs
・ SH providing web service using TMRAP
・ Using SHs as PSI
・ Using SHs as common test data for TM engines, TM Query
engines, etc.
17
19. (1) Organizing information according to SHs
Example: Organizing Wikipedia according to SHs
・Available links to Wikipedia (NDLSH: 12051, BSH: 6086)
Subject Headings
around “Beer”
18
20. Organizing Wikipedia
Beer The world around “Beer” in NDLSH
Wine Amenities of life
Fruit liquor
Hop Wines and Spirits
Beer Brandy Liquor
Distilled liquor
Whiskey
Malt
Barley
19
21. Organizing Wikipedia
We can easily generate Wikipedia’s address
“http://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/” + “ビール” (SH)
20
22. (2) Mapping between multi-language
If each language is mapped to LCSH, multi-language mapping
will be achieved LCSH (English)
NDLSH or BSH (Japanese) Norwegian SH
merge Øl (Norwegian)
merge
ビール Beer
merge
merge
e.g. Japanese Norwegian mapping via LCSH (English)
21
24. (3) Mutual complementing
- Sometimes SHs doesn’t have enough subjects or vocabulary though
it is very hard to gather enough subjects from scratch by ourselves
- By merging our own subjects with SHs we can get enriched subjects
23
25. (4) Web service for providing Subject Headings
Subject Heading providing web service using TMRAP
SH providing
Client Web service
Information from
client’s Web Topic Maps Request SH Topic Maps
application
Web Application Web Application
SH related
information - JSP Page - JSP Page
Return
Ontopia SH related Ontopia
- Navigator Framework TM fragments - Navigator Framework
- Query engine - Query engine
Topic Map SH Topic Map
“Term or
Subject”
“Subject” topic
27. 6. Challenges
(1) Attach or extract subjects to/from information
In order to organize information , we need
・attach subject to information by human
- tagging systems are required
・extract subjects from information
- subject extraction systems are required
(2) Large data
・We can’t convert large RDF data to topic map at the moment
because of out of memory
We had to omit “skos:altLabel”, “owl:sameAs”, etc.
We need scalable and stable environment for big files
(3) Type or Instance?
・We are treating each Subject Heading as instance topic
But probably, Subject Headings are type topics
We want to make topic map treating those as type topics
26
28. 7.Conclusion & Future work No.1
・ CIAS has already stored huge amount of information that is wanted
to be topic maps
・ Many well organized knowledge such as NDLSH, BSH, LCSH, etc.
have already existed
・ We are making topic maps and their web application from them
・ Topic maps can inherit Subject Headings and their relationships
such as BT-NT, RT and USE-UF naturally
・ According to the relationships, information can be linked and
organized, in other words, to be topic maps
・ By providing Subject Headings as topic maps and PSI for use in
the context of Linked Topic Maps, they will become powerful
elements and they will be used in many way
27
29. 7. Conclusion & Future work No.2
・ To make our own ontologies
・ Continue to try our information to be topic maps
according to our ontologies and the SHs
・ Continue to try to achieve multi-language mapping
using the SHs
・ Try to merge our domain subjects with the SHs
・ Try to find out and realize good ways to link the SHs
with information resources
・ Try to realize the web service for providing the SHs
・ Others (Many, Many, Many, …. )
28