The document discusses Hatana, a virtual merging engine that creates a layer over multiple data sources and allows them to be queried and accessed as if they were a single topic map. Hatana merges the data sources on demand by creating virtual topics, associations, and other constructs according to the equality rules for topics maps. This allows different information sources to be merged without editing the original sources. Examples of merging participant data and opera information from different sources are provided.
New Year's Day began in 1752 when Great Britain and its colonies adopted the Gregorian Calendar making January 1st the first day of the year. Traditionally on New Year's Day, American families get together with friends to celebrate the new year with parties that often involve drinking and watching fireworks displays.
Automatic semantic interpretation of unstructured data for knowledge managementtmra
The document summarizes a demo of an automatic semantic analysis technique for knowledge discovery from unstructured data like Wikipedia articles. The demo shows a linked concept graph and linked data graph created by analyzing astronomy articles. It also discusses how the technique can be used for knowledge representation, discovery, navigation, and intelligence by linking isolated data and deriving a taxonomy. The technical solution takes a bottom-up approach using semantic data integration and analysis to dynamically create and update object and concept graphs in real-time from various data sources.
This interactive document teaches counting through two simple exercises that ask the reader to count groups of objects and choose the correct number, providing feedback if the answer is wrong and encouragement if it's right. It asks the reader to count apples and green cars, with 1-4 apples and 3, 5, 7, or 8 green cars to choose from.
This interactive document teaches counting through two simple exercises that ask the reader to count groups of objects and choose the correct number, providing feedback if the answer is wrong and encouragement if it's right. It asks the reader to count apples and green cars, with 1-4 apples and 3, 5, 7, or 8 green cars to choose from.
This document discusses modeling QTI (IMS Question and Test Interoperability) assessments in topic maps. QTI is used to share assessment content between systems but has changing specifications that are challenging to support. Embedding QTI questions and responses as topics within a topic map allows the content to be richer than QTI and supports generating QTI output. An example shows embedding gaps and sounds within a fill-in-the-blank question topic. Authoring tools can generically edit embedded topics. This technique is useful for other content like images, links, and videos. In conclusion, embedding topics solved their needs and is used extensively in their production systems.
1. The document proposes using the Nintendo Wii Remote as an intuitive interface for interacting with web-based learning content, such as a topic map-based science learning website.
2. Specifically, it describes using the Wii Remote as a pointer for real-world interactions like selecting constellations, and as a navigation device for exploring 3D representations and the structure of the topic map.
3. Motions and buttons on the Wii Remote are mapped to navigating different aspects of the topic map and triggering content from the website in an immersive way, allowing students to intuitively explore related science topics.
New Year's Day began in 1752 when Great Britain and its colonies adopted the Gregorian Calendar making January 1st the first day of the year. Traditionally on New Year's Day, American families get together with friends to celebrate the new year with parties that often involve drinking and watching fireworks displays.
Automatic semantic interpretation of unstructured data for knowledge managementtmra
The document summarizes a demo of an automatic semantic analysis technique for knowledge discovery from unstructured data like Wikipedia articles. The demo shows a linked concept graph and linked data graph created by analyzing astronomy articles. It also discusses how the technique can be used for knowledge representation, discovery, navigation, and intelligence by linking isolated data and deriving a taxonomy. The technical solution takes a bottom-up approach using semantic data integration and analysis to dynamically create and update object and concept graphs in real-time from various data sources.
This interactive document teaches counting through two simple exercises that ask the reader to count groups of objects and choose the correct number, providing feedback if the answer is wrong and encouragement if it's right. It asks the reader to count apples and green cars, with 1-4 apples and 3, 5, 7, or 8 green cars to choose from.
This interactive document teaches counting through two simple exercises that ask the reader to count groups of objects and choose the correct number, providing feedback if the answer is wrong and encouragement if it's right. It asks the reader to count apples and green cars, with 1-4 apples and 3, 5, 7, or 8 green cars to choose from.
This document discusses modeling QTI (IMS Question and Test Interoperability) assessments in topic maps. QTI is used to share assessment content between systems but has changing specifications that are challenging to support. Embedding QTI questions and responses as topics within a topic map allows the content to be richer than QTI and supports generating QTI output. An example shows embedding gaps and sounds within a fill-in-the-blank question topic. Authoring tools can generically edit embedded topics. This technique is useful for other content like images, links, and videos. In conclusion, embedding topics solved their needs and is used extensively in their production systems.
1. The document proposes using the Nintendo Wii Remote as an intuitive interface for interacting with web-based learning content, such as a topic map-based science learning website.
2. Specifically, it describes using the Wii Remote as a pointer for real-world interactions like selecting constellations, and as a navigation device for exploring 3D representations and the structure of the topic map.
3. Motions and buttons on the Wii Remote are mapped to navigating different aspects of the topic map and triggering content from the website in an immersive way, allowing students to intuitively explore related science topics.
A mother loses her young son Jimmy to cancer. She says goodbye to him at the hospital and takes a lock of his hair home. That night, she finds a letter from Jimmy on his bed, explaining that he is in heaven and no longer in pain. The letter says God gave him the chance to write to his mother one last time to comfort her.
A mother loses her young son Jimmy to cancer. She says goodbye to him at the hospital and takes a lock of his hair home. That night, she finds a letter from Jimmy on his bed, explaining that he is in heaven and no longer in pain. The letter says God gave him the chance to write to his mother one last time to comfort her.
Evaluation of Instances Asset in a Topic Maps-Based Ontologytmra
The document discusses evaluating the information asset of topics in a topic maps ontology. It describes assigning partial weights to topics based on attribute richness and total weights based on surrounding topic descriptions. The user can set attribute weights and weights for three categories of associations. Normalizing total topic weights results in information asset values that can be used to rank search results based on usefulness to the user.
The document discusses putting Topic Maps to REST. It describes existing Topic Map APIs and their limitations. It then introduces Tropics, a proposed RESTful API for Topic Maps. Tropics would support resources like topics, associations, and search results. It advocates the HATEOAS principle to structure navigation between resources. The document outlines Tropics' proposed URI structure and status of implementation.
This document summarizes a PHP library called KBI Library that allows integration between PHP content management systems (CMS) and knowledge bases. The library acts as an information broker between the CMS and knowledge bases, enabling presentation of knowledge contained in knowledge bases through the CMS. It features a generic implementation to support standard operations and specific implementations for Ontopia knowledge bases. It also includes administration and editor interfaces for Joomla to manage remote sources and queries.
National Data Standardization: A Place for Topic Maps?tmra
This paper deals with national data standardization efforts in Denmark and discusses the role Topic Maps – and topic maps – may play in a new standardization strategy currently being considered by the Danish National IT and Telecom Agency. The strategy entails a paradigm shift from syntactic data standards based on XML schema to a more semantically based approach involving, among other things, the development, publishing and sharing of so-called definitions. The paper accounts for the historical, political and technical context of the strategy pointing out some of the opportunities and constraints this context poses for the introduction and application of Topic Maps as a recognized “data standardization standard” in Denmark.
The Live Integration Framework aims to provide a unified view of information stored across heterogeneous data stores by using topic maps to semantically merge the data sources. It allows read-only access to integrated data without modifying the original systems. The framework uses a mapping file to define how data from different sources like relational databases are translated into topic map constructs. It is currently implemented for MySQL integration but the architecture supports integrating other data stores and technologies in the future.
Designing a GUI Description Language with Topic Mapstmra
This paper presents the concepts of a description language to be created to design a graphical user interface (GUI) for specific ontologies defined in Topic Maps.
The document outlines the schedule for a two-day Topic Maps tutorial. Day one includes talks on using Topic Maps for discourse semantics, developing ontologies and facet definitions, and Topic Maps tools and applications. Day two covers semantic integration approaches, integrating Topic Maps with content management systems, interpreting unstructured data, merging topic maps, and modeling learning standards. A poster session is also included on using the Wii remote for an educational website.
Sesión de aprendizaje caza de tesoros-De tal palo tal astillamil61
Este documento presenta la sesión de aprendizaje "Caza de tesoro De tal palo tal Astilla" para estudiantes de segundo grado. La sesión, que dura 2 horas, busca que los estudiantes apliquen sus conocimientos sobre el alcohol y los adolescentes para elaborar un afiche. Durante la sesión, los estudiantes verán videos e información sobre los efectos del alcohol y responderán preguntas usando dispositivos tecnológicos. Al final, cada estudiante creará un afiche promoviendo la no consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia
Subject Headings make information to be topic mapstmra
This paper reports the efforts to make topic maps from Subject Headings (SHs) and discuss practical use of them for organizing information and knowledge. SHs are often maintained by libraries and used in bibliographic records. SHs are thesauri and they are well organized. Fortunately some SHs are published on the Web. We transformed them to topic maps. Usually each subject in SHs has own ID. It can play PSI role. By keeping the relationships included in SHs such as Broader-Narrower, Related, USE-UF etc in topic maps, information or knowledge can be linked together and organized according to the structure of SHs. In other words, by using SHs information and knowledge can be topic maps easily.
20161122 presentatie 'overleven in een wereld van insurtechs' am dag 2016-sli...Pascal Spelier
Op 22 november 2016 hebben intermediairs op am:dag kunnen luisteren naar mijn presentatie 'Overleven in een wereld van InsurTechs'. Het gaat tegenwoordig steeds vaker over InsurTech. Het is zoiets als FinTech, maar dan voor de verzekeringsmarkt. InsurTechs zijn innovatieve start-ups in de verzekeringssector die een impact hebben op de traditionele verzekeringsmarkt in het algemeen en op het intermediair in het bijzonder. De aanwezigen werden geïnspireerd met een groot aantal voorbeelden van InsurTechs. Tevens kregen de intermediairs tips om te overleven in een wereld met InsurTechs. Extra content: de infographic 'Dutch Fintech Landscap' is als laatste slide opgenomen.
Op zoek naar een inspirerende spreker over innovatie in de financiële sector? Stuur een informatieverzoek naar pascal.spelier@capgemini.com of kijk op www.finno.nl.
El documento describe el sistema excretor en los seres vivos. Explica que los principales productos de desecho son la urea, el amoníaco y el ácido úrico. También describe los diferentes órganos excretores en invertebrados como los protonefridios y metanefridios, e insectos como los tubos de Malpighi. En los humanos, los principales órganos excretores son los riñones, hígado y pulmones, siendo los riñones los encargados de filtrar la sangre y eliminar los desechos a
Topic Maps for improved access to and use of content in relational databases ...tmra
The document describes a case study using topic maps to improve access to content from a relational database of German variety lists. A topic maps-based web application was built on top of the relational data to offer subject-centric access through networked knowledge models, providing many access paths and perspectives not possible in the original data-centric interface. This increased the usability and answerability of questions over the restricted views of the original relational database interface.
In order to cope with large-scale topic maps that store a lot of information, it is necessary to utilize topic map databases. Although, database management systems should provide users with external schema functions such as views, topic map databases do not have such functions. In this paper, we propose a method of implementing a view function, by focusing on the fact that the substructure of topic maps can be regarded as a topic map. In order to realize the idea, we developed an access control system based on the view function. Through an experiment to measure the execution time, we confirmed that these functions work correctly and have little effect on the execution time.
1) A case study describes a Topic Maps-based web application that was built on top of a document-centric content management system (CMS) used for a website about a regional cluster of biotech companies.
2) The Topic Maps application improved usability by enabling subject-centric views of information rather than isolating related pieces of information across many documents. It allowed multiple access paths to information through different perspectives and views generated from the underlying topic map graph.
3) The Topic Maps application provided concise, one-click access to information about companies located in particular areas, active in specific fields, or related to other companies or projects, improving on the usability of isolating this information across many pages in the
Inquiry Optimization Technique for a Topic Map Databasetmra
This document proposes an inquiry optimization technique for topic map databases. It discusses using an object-oriented data model for topic map databases to improve query performance compared to a relational model. The document defines cost estimation formulas to help the database system select the optimal retrieval route, either following associations or searching by topic, when answering queries. An experiment is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of using these cost estimations to optimize queries of a topic map database.
A mother loses her young son Jimmy to cancer. She says goodbye to him at the hospital and takes a lock of his hair home. That night, she finds a letter from Jimmy on his bed, explaining that he is in heaven and no longer in pain. The letter says God gave him the chance to write to his mother one last time to comfort her.
A mother loses her young son Jimmy to cancer. She says goodbye to him at the hospital and takes a lock of his hair home. That night, she finds a letter from Jimmy on his bed, explaining that he is in heaven and no longer in pain. The letter says God gave him the chance to write to his mother one last time to comfort her.
Evaluation of Instances Asset in a Topic Maps-Based Ontologytmra
The document discusses evaluating the information asset of topics in a topic maps ontology. It describes assigning partial weights to topics based on attribute richness and total weights based on surrounding topic descriptions. The user can set attribute weights and weights for three categories of associations. Normalizing total topic weights results in information asset values that can be used to rank search results based on usefulness to the user.
The document discusses putting Topic Maps to REST. It describes existing Topic Map APIs and their limitations. It then introduces Tropics, a proposed RESTful API for Topic Maps. Tropics would support resources like topics, associations, and search results. It advocates the HATEOAS principle to structure navigation between resources. The document outlines Tropics' proposed URI structure and status of implementation.
This document summarizes a PHP library called KBI Library that allows integration between PHP content management systems (CMS) and knowledge bases. The library acts as an information broker between the CMS and knowledge bases, enabling presentation of knowledge contained in knowledge bases through the CMS. It features a generic implementation to support standard operations and specific implementations for Ontopia knowledge bases. It also includes administration and editor interfaces for Joomla to manage remote sources and queries.
National Data Standardization: A Place for Topic Maps?tmra
This paper deals with national data standardization efforts in Denmark and discusses the role Topic Maps – and topic maps – may play in a new standardization strategy currently being considered by the Danish National IT and Telecom Agency. The strategy entails a paradigm shift from syntactic data standards based on XML schema to a more semantically based approach involving, among other things, the development, publishing and sharing of so-called definitions. The paper accounts for the historical, political and technical context of the strategy pointing out some of the opportunities and constraints this context poses for the introduction and application of Topic Maps as a recognized “data standardization standard” in Denmark.
The Live Integration Framework aims to provide a unified view of information stored across heterogeneous data stores by using topic maps to semantically merge the data sources. It allows read-only access to integrated data without modifying the original systems. The framework uses a mapping file to define how data from different sources like relational databases are translated into topic map constructs. It is currently implemented for MySQL integration but the architecture supports integrating other data stores and technologies in the future.
Designing a GUI Description Language with Topic Mapstmra
This paper presents the concepts of a description language to be created to design a graphical user interface (GUI) for specific ontologies defined in Topic Maps.
The document outlines the schedule for a two-day Topic Maps tutorial. Day one includes talks on using Topic Maps for discourse semantics, developing ontologies and facet definitions, and Topic Maps tools and applications. Day two covers semantic integration approaches, integrating Topic Maps with content management systems, interpreting unstructured data, merging topic maps, and modeling learning standards. A poster session is also included on using the Wii remote for an educational website.
Sesión de aprendizaje caza de tesoros-De tal palo tal astillamil61
Este documento presenta la sesión de aprendizaje "Caza de tesoro De tal palo tal Astilla" para estudiantes de segundo grado. La sesión, que dura 2 horas, busca que los estudiantes apliquen sus conocimientos sobre el alcohol y los adolescentes para elaborar un afiche. Durante la sesión, los estudiantes verán videos e información sobre los efectos del alcohol y responderán preguntas usando dispositivos tecnológicos. Al final, cada estudiante creará un afiche promoviendo la no consumo de alcohol en la adolescencia
Subject Headings make information to be topic mapstmra
This paper reports the efforts to make topic maps from Subject Headings (SHs) and discuss practical use of them for organizing information and knowledge. SHs are often maintained by libraries and used in bibliographic records. SHs are thesauri and they are well organized. Fortunately some SHs are published on the Web. We transformed them to topic maps. Usually each subject in SHs has own ID. It can play PSI role. By keeping the relationships included in SHs such as Broader-Narrower, Related, USE-UF etc in topic maps, information or knowledge can be linked together and organized according to the structure of SHs. In other words, by using SHs information and knowledge can be topic maps easily.
20161122 presentatie 'overleven in een wereld van insurtechs' am dag 2016-sli...Pascal Spelier
Op 22 november 2016 hebben intermediairs op am:dag kunnen luisteren naar mijn presentatie 'Overleven in een wereld van InsurTechs'. Het gaat tegenwoordig steeds vaker over InsurTech. Het is zoiets als FinTech, maar dan voor de verzekeringsmarkt. InsurTechs zijn innovatieve start-ups in de verzekeringssector die een impact hebben op de traditionele verzekeringsmarkt in het algemeen en op het intermediair in het bijzonder. De aanwezigen werden geïnspireerd met een groot aantal voorbeelden van InsurTechs. Tevens kregen de intermediairs tips om te overleven in een wereld met InsurTechs. Extra content: de infographic 'Dutch Fintech Landscap' is als laatste slide opgenomen.
Op zoek naar een inspirerende spreker over innovatie in de financiële sector? Stuur een informatieverzoek naar pascal.spelier@capgemini.com of kijk op www.finno.nl.
El documento describe el sistema excretor en los seres vivos. Explica que los principales productos de desecho son la urea, el amoníaco y el ácido úrico. También describe los diferentes órganos excretores en invertebrados como los protonefridios y metanefridios, e insectos como los tubos de Malpighi. En los humanos, los principales órganos excretores son los riñones, hígado y pulmones, siendo los riñones los encargados de filtrar la sangre y eliminar los desechos a
Topic Maps for improved access to and use of content in relational databases ...tmra
The document describes a case study using topic maps to improve access to content from a relational database of German variety lists. A topic maps-based web application was built on top of the relational data to offer subject-centric access through networked knowledge models, providing many access paths and perspectives not possible in the original data-centric interface. This increased the usability and answerability of questions over the restricted views of the original relational database interface.
In order to cope with large-scale topic maps that store a lot of information, it is necessary to utilize topic map databases. Although, database management systems should provide users with external schema functions such as views, topic map databases do not have such functions. In this paper, we propose a method of implementing a view function, by focusing on the fact that the substructure of topic maps can be regarded as a topic map. In order to realize the idea, we developed an access control system based on the view function. Through an experiment to measure the execution time, we confirmed that these functions work correctly and have little effect on the execution time.
1) A case study describes a Topic Maps-based web application that was built on top of a document-centric content management system (CMS) used for a website about a regional cluster of biotech companies.
2) The Topic Maps application improved usability by enabling subject-centric views of information rather than isolating related pieces of information across many documents. It allowed multiple access paths to information through different perspectives and views generated from the underlying topic map graph.
3) The Topic Maps application provided concise, one-click access to information about companies located in particular areas, active in specific fields, or related to other companies or projects, improving on the usability of isolating this information across many pages in the
Inquiry Optimization Technique for a Topic Map Databasetmra
This document proposes an inquiry optimization technique for topic map databases. It discusses using an object-oriented data model for topic map databases to improve query performance compared to a relational model. The document defines cost estimation formulas to help the database system select the optimal retrieval route, either following associations or searching by topic, when answering queries. An experiment is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of using these cost estimations to optimize queries of a topic map database.
Topic Merge Scenarios for Knowledge Federationtmra
This paper introduces a socio-technical infrastructure, described as a boundary infrastructure, based on improvements to existing and emerging Issue-based Information Systems (IBIS) conversation platforms.
1. The document discusses using the tmjs Topic Maps engine, written in JavaScript, for server-side applications like a PSI server.
2. Tmjs allows full Topic Maps processing in JavaScript and can operate on servers via Node.js.
3. A sample PSI server application is shown that uses tmjs and Node.js to serve Topic Map-based information about subjects from an HTTP request.
The document discusses Hatana, a virtual merging engine that creates a unified view of information from multiple data sources by merging them on demand according to Topic Map standards. Hatana behaves like a topic map layer over the underlying sources, merging topics, associations, and other constructs virtually based on equality rules while maintaining the original sources. This allows related information to be queried and browsed together seamlessly.
Designing a gui_description_language_with_topic_mapstmra
The document proposes a GUI Description Language (GDL) that uses Topic Maps to generate configurable and domain-specific user interfaces. GDL aims to simplify Topic Maps for end users by defining default values, restricting actions, and automatically generating identifiers and layouts corresponding to the semantic meaning of the data domain. However, GDL also inserts an additional layer of processing between the user and the Topic Map engine. The document discusses the goals and features of GDL, and concludes that GDL can bridge users and Topic Map internals without limiting the ontology, while allowing customizable but not hard-coded user interfaces.
Maiana is a platform for structured data developed by Lutz Maicher and Uta Schulze at the University of Leipzig. It allows users to manage, browse, query, and validate topic maps. Maiana is social in that it enables users to discuss resources, observe data sources, and follow other users. Data sources on Maiana can be kept private or shared publicly. The platform also includes an API and semantic search capabilities.
Defining Domain-Specific Facets for Topic Maps With TMQL Path Expressionstmra
The automatic generation of facets works fairly bad for fine-modeled ontologies, in which not all information concerning a single Topic is available through occurrences and direct associations. In this paper, we share our conception of using TMQL path expressions for the definition of domain-specific facets by means of using standard-based Topic Maps technologies. The generated facets must be evaluated, even though they are defined manually by a domain expert. We therefore propose metrics for automatic evaluation of the defined facets, as well as a mechanism for using automatically stored user feedback.
AToM2 – a ”web database” with Topic Maps rootstmra
AToM2 is 1. an application framework for building semantically oriented projects
(like encyclopaedias, legal systems, vocabularies, knowledge bases, sophisticated CMSs …), 2. a high performance and usability oriented feature-rich web database, and 3. strongly influenced by Topic Maps concepts and slightly inspired by other semantic techniques
and approaches.
This document discusses potential mottos for the TMRA 2010 conference. It lists mottos from previous years' conferences and then suggests 14 possible mottos for 2010, including "Mashing", "Web 3.0", "Visible knowledge networks", and "Information wants to be a topic map". It also provides contact information for Dr. Lutz Maicher of the Topic Maps Lab at the University of Leipzig who is chairing the discussion on selecting a motto.
This document discusses visually rendering fragments of topic maps within texts or using text occurrences as template strings. It presents two cases - why and how visual rendering of topic map fragments can be done, with one case being occurrence data within texts.
The document proposes the TMBrowse Protocol to browse topic maps. It describes querying a topic map server for information about a topic using HTTP GET requests with parameters for the topic's subject identifier, subject locator, or item identifier. The server would return a 204 status if the topic is not found, or a 200 with the topic map fragment and additional "next link" data for the topic as application/tm+xml, text/ctm, or text/html.
This document contains information about different tasks, projects, people, and organizational units. It lists Task 1 under Project 1 with Person 1 from Org unit 1. Another entry lists Person 1 from Org unit 2 but no task or project. The document type is not specified for any of the entries.
The document proposes a solution to merge topic maps without requiring hand-coded persistent subject identifiers (PSIs). It suggests automatically generating PSIs based on uniquely identifying attributes, like social security numbers or topic names, and applying them to topics before merging. This avoids the need to add PSIs throughout the topic maps by hand. The approach involves configuring identifying attributes per topic type, comparing topics to find matches, and randomly generating PSIs to merge corresponding topics where no PSI exists yet. Benefits include easier merging without PSI expertise, though randomly generated PSIs are unreadable.
Dr. Lutz Maicher gave a presentation on event based modelling at the University of Leipzig. He argued that subjects change over time and most ontologies and applications do not reflect this. Dr. Maicher proposed representing events as key facts and viewing topic maps as a stream of facts about subjects. This would provide the full life cycle of each subject in the database. He encouraged changing ontologies to represent events and called for participation in this new approach.
Paraconsistent logic allows for reasonable inferences to be made from inconsistent assertion systems by assigning different truth values to assertions. Ontopedia is an inconsistency tolerant system that collects assertions from various sources and uses paraconsistent reasoning and a decision procedure to calculate truth values and contradiction levels while suppressing contradictions. This allows Ontopedia to safely infer new information from a large number of assertions without being limited by inconsistencies.
1. TMRA
2010
Hatana
A
virtual
merging
engine
Uta
Schulze
Topic
Maps
Lab
at
the
University
of
Leipzig
Uta.Schulze@informaBk.uni-‐leipzig.de
2. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
"Accessing the island of Hatana is a complicated process."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatana
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
3. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
MoBvaBon
-‐
Not
that
complicated
Several data sources
One view?
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
4. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
MoBvaBon
-‐
Not
that
complicated
Several data sources
One query language?
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
5. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
MoBvaBon
-‐
Not
that
complicated
Several data sources
?
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
6. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Why
puJng
data
into
topic
maps?
MaJorToM-JLI
Because we can.
ARNotations
Coming
soon
Maiana
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
7. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Why
puJng
data
into
topic
maps?
Because we can.
Because information wants to be a topic map.
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
8. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Why
puJng
data
into
topic
maps?
Because we can.
Because information wants to be a topic map.
Because we’d like to merge…
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
9. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Why
don‘t
we
just
put
everything
into
one
big
topic
map
and
are
done
with?
Information
1. changes over time
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
10. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Why
don‘t
we
just
put
everything
into
one
big
topic
map
and
are
done
with?
Information
1. changes over time
2. has copyright issues
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
11. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Why
don‘t
we
just
put
everything
into
one
big
topic
map
and
are
done
with?
Information
1. changes over time
2. has copyright issues
3. has an origin that would get lost
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
12. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Why
don‘t
we
just
put
everything
into
one
big
topic
map
and
are
done
with?
Information
1. changes over time
2. has copyright issues
3. has an origin that would get lost
4. should sometimes remain in its database
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
13. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Another
soluBon:
Hatana
Hatana creates a layer over several data sources.
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
14. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Another
soluBon:
Hatana
Hatana creates a layer over several data sources.
This layer behaves as a topic map!
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
15. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Example
1:
TMRA
ParBcipants
(Java
Live
IntegraBon)
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
16. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Hatana
merges
...
• strictly according to the TMDM’s equality rules of constructs
• on demand
• and creates „virtual” topics, associations, …
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
17. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Equality
rules
for
topics
Graham Moore, Graham Moore, Graham Moore,
Vice Admiral Footballer Topic Mapper
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
18. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Equality
rules
for
topics
Graham Moore, Graham Moore, Graham Moore,
Vice Admiral Footballer Topic Mapper
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
19. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Equality
rules
for
topics
Graham Moore, Graham Moore, Graham Moore,
Vice Admiral Footballer Topic Mapper
NAME EQUALITY
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
20. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Equality
rules
for
topics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Moore_(footballer)
Graham Moore, Graham Moore, Graham Moore,
Vice Admiral Footballer Topic Mapper
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Moore
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
21. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Equality
rules
for
topics
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Moore_(footballer)
Graham Moore, Graham Moore, Graham Moore,
Vice Admiral Footballer Topic Mapper
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graham_Moore
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/Graham_Moore
IDENTIFIER EQUALITY
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
22. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
23. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
24. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
25. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/Graham_Moore
http://psi.ontopedia.net/Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
26. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/Graham_Moore
http://psi.ontopedia.net/Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
27. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/Graham_Moore
http://psi.ontopedia.net/Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
28. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
http://psi.ontopedia.net/Graham_Moore
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/Graham_Moore
http://psi.ontopedia.net/Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
29. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
http://psi.ontopedia.net/Graham_Moore
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/Graham_Moore
http://psi.ontopedia.net/Graham_Moore
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
30. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
http://www.topicmapslab.de/people/
Graham_Moore
virtual topic
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
31. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
virtual names
get all names
virtual topic
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
32. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Virtual
on
demand
merging
Virtual topic
• empty
• wrapper that
• acts as topic ...
• but stores ids of equal source topics
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
33. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Example
2:
Merging
the
Italian
and
Norwegian
Opera
Problem
• only 20 out of 2767 topics with equal identifiers
• http://psi.ontopia.net/music/opera vs. http://psi.ontopedia.net/Opera
• no editing of sources
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
34. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Example
2:
Merging
the
Italian
and
Norwegian
Opera
Problem
• Only 20 out of 2767 topics with same identifiers
• http://psi.ontopia.net/music/opera vs. http://psi.ontopedia.net/Opera
• No editing of sources
Possible solution
• topic map with topic containing e.g. both „Opera“ identifiers
• source: expert knowledge, Subj3ct, ...
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
35. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Advantages
of
virtual
merging
• Combining read-only topic maps
• Combining private with public available topic maps (Maiana feature)
• Information about the origin
• On demand merging
• Playing around with identities
• Validating topic map against a schema, database backend
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
36. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Performance
• There is runtime
• Highly dependent of the underlying engine
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
37. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Performance
• There is runtime
• Highly dependent of the underlying engine
• Validation of the opera map against the TMCL Meta Schema:
• hard merge using Ontopia: instantly
• improved Hatana version: took quite some time
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
38. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Performance
• There is runtime
• Highly dependent of the underlying engine
• Validation of the opera map against the TMCL Meta Schema:
• hard merge using Ontopia: instantly
• more improved Hatana version: a moment
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
39. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Performance
• There is runtime
• Highly dependent of the underlying engine
• Validation of the opera map against the TMCL Meta Schema:
• hard merge using Ontopia: instantly
• future Hatana version: ?
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
40. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
ImplementaBon
• read-only Java topic maps engine (TMAPI)
• Topic Map System containing virtual topic maps
• Virtual construct: empty layer storing the ids of its source constructs
• Caching: Id-Storing
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
41. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
I
did
not
talk
about
• Merging topics that reify e.g. equal names
• Merging associations and roles
• most time consuming
• Cache invalidation
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
42. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Next
steps
• Learning from Jack Park’s merge assertions
• Implementing the Container in Container feature
• Increasing performance
• Improving the Container view in Maiana
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>
43. Einführung
in
Topic
Maps
Thank you for your attention!
Uta Schulze, Topic Maps Lab
<Uta.Schulze@informatik.uni-leipzig.de>