The document discusses three-tier architecture and why databases are better than file systems for websites. It describes three-tier architecture as a client-server architecture with three independent layers or tiers - the presentation tier, application tier, and data tier. This separates the user interface, business logic/processing, and data storage. This makes the architecture more efficient, secure, scalable, flexible, and higher performing compared to two-tier architectures that have the application logic embedded within the user interface or database tiers.

1. Three-tier architecture
with database

2. Table of contents
01
File Systems & Database
Why database is better
than file systems
02
Website structure
Why database is used
for web structure
1
Database
2
1
2
File systems
Website Structure & Tiers
Three-Tier Architecture

3. Our team
Bao Chau
Duc Duy
Quoc Khanh
Quang Trung

4. File
systems vs
Database
01

5. A process that manages
how and where data on a
storage disk is sorted,
accessed and managed
An organized collection of
large amount of data that
can be easily accessed,
managed and updated
File System Database
Definition

6. High data inconsistency:
- A state representing structural
inconsistency within a certain group of
a file
- Caused by:
+ A nonplanned system shutdown
+ Indiscriminately clearing group
locks
+ Overriding built-in file
protections when using delete-file
Maintains data consistency:
- Any database transaction
must change affected data
only in allowed ways
- Data written to the
database must be valid, and
meet preconditioned values
File System Database
Data
Consistency

7. - Simple structure
- Each department store
and control its own data
- Complex structure
- Data can accessed by different
users but stored only in a system
File System Database
Structure

8. - Using decentralized
approach  Not easy
- Using centralized
approach  Easy
File System Database
Data Sharing

9. - Each user defindes and
maintains the needed files
for specific purposes
 Cannot control
 Files of different users
don’t reflect others
 Inconsistency of data
- Control redundancy by
maintaining a defined single
repository of data
 No or less redundancy
 Remain consistency
File System Database
Redundancy

10. - Provide a password
mechanisim to protect data
- Many way to crack or hack
password
- Has specialized features
that help shielding to its
data
File System Database
Security

11. No backup and recovery
process
- Create a backup
subsystem to restore data if
required
- Provide crash recovery
mechanism
File System Database
Backup &
Recovery

12. - Files allow storing data while database is a
collection of organized data
- Database have many advantages over file
system
Summary

13. Website
Structure &
Tiers
02

14. Website Structure &
Tiers
Why it is important?
- Keep a website well-organized and uncluttered  Improve UX
- Important component of SEO strategy
+ Affect site ranks
+ Show most important website’s parts

15. Website Structure &
Tiers Three Tiers?

16. Website Structure &
Tiers
Two-Tier Architecture (Client-Server Architecture)
- A software architecture in which include:
+ A presentation layer or interface run on a client
+ A data layer or data structure gets stored on a server
- A two-tier architecture where:
+ A web browser makes a request: fill, submit forms, click on
links, type URLs into browsers
+ The web server response this request

17. Website Structure &
Tiers
Three-Tier Architecture (Database Architecture)
- Is a Client-Server architecture in which:
+ The functional process logic
+ Computer data storage
+ User interface
 Developed & maintained as independent modules on separate platform
- A software design pattern and a well-established software architecture
- A three-tier architecture where:
+ A web browser requests a resource
+ A response is generated from a database

18. Website Structure &
Tiers
Three-Tier Architecture (Layer Architecture)
- A three-tier architecture where:
+ A web browser requests the
resource generated from database
+ How the database and web server
respond to this request
 More complex architecture with
three-tiers: the browser is still the client
tier, the web server becomes the
middle tier, and the database is the
third or database tier.

19. Three-Tier Architecture
Two-Tier vs Three-Tier
It is a Client-Server Architecture. It is a Web-based application.
In two-tier, the application logic is either
buried inside the user interface on the client or
within the database on the server (or both).
In three-tier, the application logic or process
resides in the middle-tier, it is separated from
the data and the user interface.
Two-tier architecture consists of two layers :
Client Tier and Database (Data Tier).
Three-tier architecture consists of three layers :
Client Layer, Business Layer and Data Layer.
It is easy to build and maintain. It is complex to build and maintain.
Two-tier architecture runs slower. Three-tier architecture runs faster.
It is less secured as client can communicate
with database directly.
It is secured as client is not allowed to
communicate with database directly.
It results in performance loss whenever the
users increase rapidly.
It results in performance loss whenever the
system is run on Internet but gives more
performance than two-tier architecture.
Example – Contact Management System
created using MS-Access or Railway
Reservation System, etc.
Example – Designing registration form which
contains text box, label, button or a large
website on the Internet, etc.

20. Website Structure &
Tiers
Advantages of Three-Tier Architecture
- Efficiency: Each tier has their own function to perform which spreads out the work over
several systems
- Security: The relational database management system provides a single point of
access and governs who is retrieving the data and how the data is updated
- Scalability: The structure can run on many different types of hardware and operating
systems
- Flexibility: This type of architecture can support many types and sizes of businesses
- Performance: Because the presentation tier can cache request, network utilization is
minimized the load is reduced.

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