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1. 3 B
THIRD CONDITIONAL

2. Sentence structure
(if clause) Past Perfect Simple.
(main clause) use ’d (= would)/wouldn’t + have + past participle
if + subject + Past Perfect Simple, subject + ’d (= would)/wouldn’t + have + past participle.
If I’d seen him, I’d have asked him to come over.
’d+ pp= had
’d+ base = would

3. Third Conditional
The use:
❖We use the third conditional to talk about imaginary situations in the past.
we imagine how things could have been different in the past. If something had been different, something
else would have happened. Notice that both the condition and the result are impossible now.
That is why the third conditional often describes the opposite of what really happened.
If the woman had shot the men, she’d have been in serious trouble.
(The woman didn’t shoot the men, so she didn’t get in serious trouble.)
I definitely would’ve remembered if you’d told me!

4. Uses
We can use third conditional to express criticism and regret, often with (could have)
Ex: if you had been driving more slowly, you could have stopped in time.
Ex: I could have got the job if I had performed better in the interview.

5. the if clause can be first or second in the sentence:
BUT: we use a comma when the if clause is first.
I wouldn’t have been too happy if the car alarm had woken me up.

6. Alternatives for (would) in the main clause
We can use modal verbs as alternatives to would in the main clause
might = ‘would perhaps’
If they’d told me, I might have been able to help.
could = ‘would be possible’
If I had had the enough fixing tools, I could have fixed the car.
NOTE:
If Jake could have got to home on time, he might have studied very well.
If I could have known the truth, I'd never have started arguing with him.

7. Question forms: third conditional
We make questions in the third conditional
with: (question word) + would + subject + have + past participle ... if + subject + Past Perfect Simple:
What would he have done if he’d actually seen the owner of the car?
What would they have done if they had known the truth?

8. Alternatives for (If) in Third conditional
we can also use imagine and suppose in third conditional questions:
Imagine/ Suppose he’d seen you, what would you have done?.
NOTE:
For a more formal or literary style we can put (had) before the subject in the main clause.
Ex: Had the film been released in the summer, it might have been more successful.
Ex: Had it not been for his quick thinking, we would have fallen into the river.

9. Other forms
❑We can use present perfect continuous in the main clause after would
Ex: If the taxi hadn’t come a long, you would have been waiting there for two hours.
❑ prepositional phrase can be used instead of the if clause
Ex: I wouldn’t have done it without asking for permission first.
Ex: But for its lack of a garden we might have bought that house.