Vanga or tin is a dhathu categorized under puthiloha, mythologically originated from the semen of Indra and related to Sukra graha.

1. THERAPEUTIC
PROPERTIES OF
VANGA
SUBMITTED BY
Dr Anitha M
2nd MD Scholar
Dept. R & B

2. INTRODUCTION
➢ Vanga is dhathu which is categorised under puthiloha
➢ Categorised under ‘sapthadhathu & navadhathu’
➢ Mythologically the metal is originated from semen of indra
➢ Vanga is related to sukra graha
➢ Historically it was one of the earliest metals known to mankind
➢ Romans called it as ‘Stannum’ from which the modern symbol Sn has been
derived
➢ In ancient times, it was used in alloying and coating metals, due to its
corrosion resistance property
➢ Tin is naturally occurring element that appears in group 14 of the periodic
table at the boundary between the metals and nonmetals
➢ It can form organic as well as inorganic bonds hence aids in a lot in Ayurvedic
therapeutics

3. SYNONYMS
➢ Ranga
➢ Trapu
➢ Pinchata
➢ Vangaka
➢ Rangaka
➢ Sukraloha
➢ Kurupya
➢ Trapusa
➢ Trapusha
➢ Kutila
➢ Pootigandha
➢ Nagajeevana
➢ Gurupatrakam
➢ Kashteeram
➢ Swarnabhava
➢ Nagabhavam
➢ Swetarupyam
➢ Mukha Bhushanam

4. VERNACULAR NAMES
➢ Hindi - Ranga
➢ Bengali - Ranga
➢ Marathi - Kathila
➢ Gujarathi - Kalai
➢ Arabi - Rasas, Kastir
➢ Parsi - Arajir
➢ English - Tin
➢ Telugu - Tagaramu

5. VARIETIES (2)
Kshuraka vanga
Misraka vanga
Khuraka vanga
Misraka vanga
Uthama : Khuraka/ Kshuraka
Avara : Misraka
RRS, RT, RPS, RSN CHU, AP,
RM, BRRS
BP
Rasarnavam
Sweta
Krishna

6. SWARUPA
KHURAKA MISRAKA
RRS
RSN CHU
RM
BBRS
RMT
➢ Dhavala, Mridula
➢ Snigda
➢ Druthadrava
➢ Sagourava
➢ Nisabda
➢ Syama subra varna
RT ➢ Nirmala
➢ Chandraloha sama
prabha
➢ Drave athikatina
➢ Ruksha, Katina
➢ Dhusara
➢ Anya dhathu vimisritha
RPS ➢ Sarala, Shubra ➢ Nagadi misiritha
➢ Syama, Durgandhi
➢ Malina , Guru
➢ Rasa rasayane naiva
yojaneeyam
AP ➢ Chandra rupyabha
➢ Khurakara
➢ Etat lakshana bhinna

7. GRAHYA AGRAHYATWA
खुरकाख्यं शुक्रलोहं मारणाय प्रशस्यते I
ममश्रक
ं हेममाखयातं रसतन्द्रविचक्षणै II
(RT)
➢ Khuraka vanga – Pharmaceutical as well as therapeutic use (internal
administration)
➢ Misraka vanga – Unfit for pharmaceutical and therapeutic uses

8. PROPERTIES OF VANGA
RRS, RSN CHU, R MAN RPS RSS
➢ Tiktha
➢ Ushna
➢ Ruksha
➢ Ishat vata prakopana
➢ Meha sleshma
amayaghna
➢ Medoghna
➢ Krimi nashana
➢ Vishapaha ➢ Tikta amla

9. RSN CHI AP, BP AP, RM
➢ Dahahara ➢ Laghu
➢ Sara
➢ Pandu swasahara
➢ Chakshushya
➢ Pithala
➢ Balya
➢ Dipana pachana
➢ Ruchikara
➢ Pranjakara
➢ Seethala
➢ Soundarya vivardhana
➢ Hithakara (AP) /
Balakara (RM)
➢ Nirogathakaraka
➢ Dhathu sthairyakara
➢ Kshayi kshayahara
➢ Sarva pramehapaha
➢ Narasya na bhavet swapne
api sukrakshaya
AP : Tikshna, Kasahara , Anilaghna, Vrishya, Prabhakrit, Varnya, Brmhana

10. NECESSITY OF VANGA SODHANA
Asuddha vanga or asamyak suddha vanga if administered internally in any form,
it diminishes the body radiance by causing many physical ailments
RT AP BP
➢ Gulma
➢ Prameha
➢ Kshaya
➢ Pandu
➢ Sotha
➢ Sleshmajwara
➢ Bhagandara
➢ Sukrashmari
➢ Raktha vikara
➢ Hridroga
➢ Sula
➢ Arshas
➢ Kasa
➢ Swasa
➢ Vami
➢ Kandu
➢ Anilasada

11. SAMANYA SODHANA
Nirvapa for 7 times in each medias such as;
➢ Taila
➢ Takra
➢ Gomutram
➢ Aranala
➢ Kulatha kwatham

12. VISESHA SODHANA
SL NO METHOD OF SODHANA REFERENCE
1 Dalana in nirgundi swarasa added with haridra
churna - 3 times
RRS, RSN CHU,
RM, RT,BRRS
2 Dalana in amla takra mixed with the powder of punarnava
and vishatinduka - 3 times
RRS, RSN CHU
3 Dalana in decoction of katphala – 3 times RRS
4 Dalana in nirgundi swarasa added with nirgundi mula
churna
RRS, RHT
5 Dalana using pidhanaka yantra containing churnodaka - 7
times
RT
6 Dalana in arka dugda - 7 times
’’ - 3 times
’’ - 3 times
RT, R CHI
SAR
RSS, R MAN
7 Dalana in amla takra & kumari swarasa using pithara
yantra - 3 times
RT

13. SL NO METHOD REFERENCE
8 Dalana using pithara yantra containing mahisha
asthi churna and its mutra
RNV
9 Dalana using pithara yantra containing snuhi
ksheera for 7 times
RNV
10 Swedana in churnodaka for ardha yama RSS

14. JARANA
➢ The concept of jarana is first explained in Rasamritham
➢ Steps of jarana:
➢ This method is explained under marana in Rasatrangini
Melting of suddha vanga
Loha dandena chalana
Continue the process until all the apamarga
churna is added
Addition of apamarga churna (RT -1/4th
part) little by little into the melted vanga
Churnarupa vanga is obtained

15. MARANA
SL NO METHOD REFERENCE
1 Vanga patras are smeared with suddha harithala triturated in arka
ksheera followed by laghu puta by keeping amidst the ksharas of bodhi and
chincha twak
RRS, RC
2 Melted vanga is added with 1/16th part of suddha parada and suddha
harithala (added little by little) and is rubbed with vanakarpasa kashta
(Followed by teevragni in mrt-sarava in RT)
RRS,RT,RC
3 Vanga patras are smeared with suddha harithala triturated in palasha
drava and subjected to puta
RRS
4 Vanga patras are smeared with bhallathaka taila , tied in cloth & heated
with kashtas of chincha, aswatha & palasha
RRS
5 Melted vanga is added with 1/4th part od suddha parada and suddha
harithala churna and triturated well in khalwa yantra. Slakshna churna
thus obtained will be made to chakrikas by using arka ksheera and kept in
sarava with different layers of aswatha vriksha twak bhasma and
subjected to 2 lavaka puta
RT

16. SL
NO
METHOD REFERENCE
6 Melted vanga is added with 1 part of aswatha vriksha twak churna little
by little and rubbed thoroughly till it attains bhasma form followed by
puta
RT
7 Melted vanga is added with suddha harithala and triturated well with
arka ksheera. Resultant mixture is then placed in a sarava which is
added half the quantity with chincha twak kshara and followed by 3
gajaputas
RT
8 Melted vanga is added with 1/4th quantity of bark of aswatha and chincha
followed by prachalana with iron ladle. Powder obtained within 2 yamas
of such process will be again added with equal quantity of suddha
harithala and subjected to puta followed by 10 gajaputas
SAR
9 Jarita vanga is subjected to bhavana in kumari swarasa and followed by
puta
RM

17. BHASMA & THE ALKALINITY TEST
(RT)
➢ To remove the alkalinity from any of the bhasma prepared with any of the ksharayukta
dravya and to make it fit for internal administration, the bhasma is repeatedly washed
with water
➢ To confirm the absence of alkalinity, washed water is tested each time by dipping a red
litmus paper
➢ If the paper turns bluish in colour, it indicates the presence of alkalinity

18. BHASMA VARNA
VIRYA VISESHA
BHASMA MATRA
1 – 2 ratti (RT)
Ushna virya Sita virya
Gandhaka
Harithala
Apamarga kshara
Chincha kshara
Drugs of sita Virya
Shubra varna (YR)
Shankhakundendu dhavala (RT)

19. PROPERTIES OF VANGA BHASMA
RT :
➢ Medhya
➢ Tikta Kashaya & kinchit lavana
rasa
➢ Rasayana
➢ Vranahara
➢ Sumatiprada
➢ Sweta asrigdara nashana
➢ Kamam kamavivardhanam
➢ Dhrithikara
➢ Karshyahara
➢ Pavana samana
➢ Garbhasaya chyuthihara
➢ Soshodritha nisha sweda and
ulbana sleshma hara
➢ Madanajanana
➢ Swapnameha amayaghna
➢ Preenana
➢ Sajna prasada
➢ Manasika vaikrithahara

20. AMAYIKA PRAYOGA
INDICATION SAHAPANA/ANUPANA
Prameha Desired ratio of guduchi satwa + Honey
daily for 1 month / Tulasi swarasa
Kshina alpa sukra, dushitha retas, Virya
vardhanam
Silajathu + honey for 1 month
Pandu Ghritha
Gulma Desired ration of tankana churna
Agnimandya Pippali churna
Ajeerna Puga phala churna y
Urdhwa vayu, Rakthapitha Haridra churna / Haridra swarasa
Vrana meha Rasasindoora + Haridra swarasa
Vrana Varunadi ganoktha dravya Kashaya

21. INDICATION SAHAPANA/ANUPANA
Mukha dourgandhya (Halitosis) Karpura + Champaka swarasa
Virya sthambana Kasthuri
Sukra pushtikara Jathiphala churna + Honey
Charma amayas Khadira twak kwatha
Sukra vishodhana Samudraphena churna
Shandyam (2 ratti) Apamarga churna
Virya vridhikara (2 ratti) Salmali mula churna + Haridra churna +
honey
Sukra janana Laghu salmali churna + Abraka bhasma
Pitha dushti Sarkara
Deha dahahara Nimbu swarasa
Vibandha Nagini swarasa
Sweta pradara (2 gunja) Loha bhasma + Sukthi bhasma + Sarjarasa
churna
Mukha Chaya ( Black heads) Sasa asrik / Nisha + Kunkuma + Chandana -
mahisha ksheera pishta

22. INDICATION SAHAPANA/ANUPANA
Ksheena sukra / Prameha Rasasindoora
Sukra tharalyahrit param Musali churna - 1 month
Jirna jwara Nripavarta + Rasasindoora + Loha
bhasma + Chandana kwatha
Madhumeha Bhumi amalaka churna + Arjuna
churna + Sarkara
Rakta meha Madhu
Sukra meha Haridra churna
Nadisula in urdhwa jathru bhaga Swarna makshika bhasma + Rajatha
bhasma

23. VANGA RASAYANA (RRS, RSN CHU)
MMardana in Gomutra Gandhi silajathu
Bhasmas of Vanga, Kanthaloha, Abraka are taken in equal quantity
Bhavana : 1. patra swarasa of Nimba & Dattura
2. Swarasa of Dadima & Apamarga
EEqual quantity of Rajavartha bhasma is added
MMardana in Guggulu toya for 8 days
Soshana – Parichurnana – Gharshana with Bandhuka niryasa & Nakuli
beeja churna
Dried, sieved in cloth and stored in glass container

24. METHOD OF ADMINISTRATION :
➢ Sahapana - Go takra along with powder of haridra churna
➢ Dose - 4 valla
➢ Indication - Vimshathi pramehas
➢ Pathya – Sali, Mudgasupa, Navaneetham, Tila, Patola, Tikthatundira, Takra

25. TIN
➢ Formula - Sn
➢ Atomic number - 50
➢ Atomic weight - 118.710
➢ Melting point - 7780 C
➢ Boiling point - 31480C
➢ Colour - Silvery white
➢ Lustre - Metallic
➢ Hardness - 1.5 – 2
➢ Density - 7.31 g/cm3
➢ Specific gravity - 7.31
➢ Crystal system - Tetragonal
➢ Transparency - Opaque
➢ Streak - Grey white
➢ Tenacity - Malleable
➢ Farcture - Hackly
➢ Important ores - Cassiterite SnO2

26. OCCURANCE
➢ Tin is said to have been found native but it does occur so, is of very rare
appearance
➢ It is chiefly found in the form of oxide, cassiterite or tinstone which is the main
source of the metal
➢ Only small amount being obtained from tin sulphides occurring with
cassiterite in Bolivia
➢ The major tin producing mines are found in Malaysia, Thailand, Brazil,
Indonesia, Bolivia, Australia and the UK

27. ➢ It is a bright white metal which is malleable and ductile
➢ A bar of the metal emits a crackling sound when bent
➢ Cassiterite is obtained commercially from both lodes and alluvial deposits
➢ The proportion of tin in ores is usually expressed as black tin containing about
70% of the metal per tonne of ore
➢ Tin occurs in a few other minerals mostly as complex sulphides namely stanine
or pyrites Cu2SnFeS4
➢ Tin is chiefly used in manufacturing of tin plate, manufacture of a number of
important alloys such as various solders, bearing metals, type-metal, bronze,
gun-metal, bell-metal, fusible metal etc
➢ Salts of tin are employed in calico printing, dyeing, silk making , in ceramic
industry etc

28. CHEMICAL TESTS FOR TIN
➢ When heated on charcoal with sodium carbonate and charcoal, tin compunds
are reduced to the metal which is soft and malleable
➢ The encrustation given by heating tin compounds alone on charcoal when
moistened with cobalt nitrate and strongly reheated , assumes a blue green
colour
➢ The tin bead when treated with warm nitric acidbecomes coated wuth a white
covering of hydroxide

29. YOGAS IN AYURVEDA
RASARATNA SAMUCHAYA
➢ Sannipathakutara rasa
➢ Chandrodaya rasa
➢ Jeernajwarari rasa
➢ Swasahara vataka
➢ Panchamritaparpati rasa
➢ Vangeswara rasa
➢ Pramehagajasimha rasa
➢ Sanjivana rasa
➢ Udayabhaskara rasa
➢ Vasanthakusumara rasa
➢ Sulanthaka rasa

30. RASATARANGINI
➢ Swrana vanga
➢ Pradaranthaka lauha
➢ Mukta panchamritha rasayana
➢ Amrita (vatsanabha rasayana)
➢ Unmadagajankusha rasa
➢ Madanodaya modaka
RASAMANJARI
➢ Pratapalangeswara rasa
➢ Mahodhadi rasa
➢ Indravati rasa

31. RASAPRAKSHA SUDHAKARA
➢ Kanakasundara rasa
➢ Sannipatha bhairava rasa
➢ Rajamriganga rasa
➢ Panchamritha rasa
➢ Mahakala rasa
➢ Agnikumara rasa
➢ Vatamehanthaka rasa
➢ Pramehankusha rasa
➢ Mehankusha rasa
➢ Kanparpa sundara rasa
➢ Talakaraja rasa

32. RASAPADHATHI
➢ Suteswara rasa
➢ Kalanala rasa
➢ Mahamriganga rasa
➢ Mukta mriganga rasa
➢ Navaratna mriganga rasa
➢ Sarveswara rasa
➢ Vasantharaja rasa
➢ Mahalakshmivilasa rasa
RASACHINTHAMANI
➢ Mahavidwasana rasa

33. BHAISHAJYA RATNAVALI
➢ Agnisandeepana rasa
➢ Brihat chinthamani rasa (Vidyothini teeka)
➢ Chandramsu rasa
➢ Chandrakantha rasa
➢ Jayamangala rasa
➢ Tarakeswara rasa
➢ Nityananda rasa
➢ Pradaranthaka rasa
➢ Pushpadhanwa rasa
➢ Brihat purnachandra rasa
➢ Vasanthatilaka rasa
➢ Bahumutranthaka rasa
➢ Brihat vangeswara rasa
➢ Vangeswara rasa (sadharana)

34. RASENDRA CHINTHAMANI
➢ Vangeswara rasa (Jwara, gulma)
➢ Mahalakshmi vilasa rasa (Kapharoga adhikara)
➢ Trinetrakhya rasa (Mutrakrichra, Mutraghatha)
➢ Pramehasothu rasa
➢ Harishankara rasa
➢ Vangavalehadi yoga traya
➢ Anandabhairava rasa Prameha
➢ Chandraprabha vati
➢ Mehakeshari rasa
➢ Yogeswara rasa
➢ Somanatha rasa ( Bahumutra, somaroga)
➢ Chakradhara rasa (Udara)
➢ Varisoshana rasa (Udara)

35. YOGARATNAKARA
➢ Gulmakutara rasa
SIDDHA YOGA SANGRAHA
➢ Chinthamani rasa
➢ Vasanthakusumakara rasa
➢ Rasaraja rasa
RASENDRA SARA SANGRAHA
➢ Pramehagajakeshari rasa
➢ Lakshmivilasa rasa
RASAMRITHAM
➢ Muktapanchamritha rasa
BRIHAT NIGHANTU RATNAKARA
➢ Bala jwarangusha rasa

36. YOGAS IN SIDDHA
➢ Velvanga parpam

37. THESIS WORKS

38. 1. TOXICITY STUDIES ON VANGA BHASMA WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO GIT, LIVER & PANCREAS (Ancient
science of life -1984)
➢ Study design : Experimental pharmacology (In vivo study)
➢ Methodology : 30 albino rats of either sex weighing 170 ± 20gm was selected for the study
➢ Observations:
All the animals on careful observation did not show any behavioural change
Macroscopic examination of GIT, liver and pancreas showed no significant change
Liver tissue in majority of the animals showed sinusoidal dilatation
In one animal belonging to group 4 administered with 500 mg/Kg of vanga bhasma revealed fine fatty vacuoles
Fatty change was local and did not show any clear cut zonal distribution
No significant changes were observed in portal tract and Kupfer’s cells in animals of all groups
Different layers of stomach, oesophagus , small and large intestine and components of pancreas of all the animals of all
groups were found normal
Vanga bhasma has no acute toxic effects on GIT, liver and pancreas
Group Drug Dose
1 Gum acacia 15% solution 10 ml/Kg
2 Vanga bhasma 125 mg/Kg
3 Vanga bhasma 250 mg/Kg
4 Vanga bhasma 500 mg/Kg
5 Vanga bhasma 1000 mg/Kg

39. 2. ANALYTICAL STUDY OF VANGA BHASMA (International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine – 2014)
➢ Methodology – Preparation of vanga bhasma by sodhana (samanya and visesha), jarana and marana
➢ Analytical parameters – Macroscopic and microscopic description, physico-chemical tests, SEM,XRD, FTIR,PSA AND
EDX
➢ Observations
Organoleptic characterisation Physico chemical analysis
FTIR – various functional groups amide, hrdroxyl, ester, aldehyde and ketone
XRD – VB has a crystalline structure. Major component is tin oxide possibly cassiterite and aluminium oxide and
predominant peaks in sample corresponds to major phase comprising SnO2
SEM – showed a characretistic three dimensional granular appearance and porous morphology
EDX – showed presence of Na, Mg, Al, Si, S, Fe and O in the bhasma
Parameters VB
Varna Light pink
Rasa Tastelessness
Gandha Odourless
Sparsha Very soft
Bhasma pareeksha (4) Positive
Appearance Fine powder
pH 8.75
Test VB
Total ash 99.75%
Acid insoluble ash 93.15%
Water soluble extractive 0.37%
Alcohol soluble extractive 0.86%

40. 3. PHARMACEUTICAL STANDARDISATION OF VANGA BHASMA (World Journal of
Pharmaceutical & Medical research - 2017)
Materials & Methods:
➢ Samanya sodhana – Dhalana with liquids such as tila taila, takra, gomutra, kanji and kulatha kwatha
for 7 times in each media
➢ Visesha sodhana – Dhalana in nirgundi swarasa and haridra churna (1/16th part of total swarasa)
➢ Jarana – with apamarga panchanga churna (1/4th of total vanga)
➢ Marana – Bhavana in kumari swarasa followed by 10 ardha gajaputas
Observations of pharmaceutical study:
➢ As a result of sodhana, vanga has been converted to its oxide form
➢ Jarana process go hand in hand with the poling wherein the process being more of a redox reaction in
which oxidation & reduction occurs simultaneously
➢ Marana produces absolute extraordinary form of the metal – bhasma, which was white coloured fine
powder without any typical taste and satisfied all the bhasma siddhi lakshanas like rekhapurnatwa,
varitaratwa & nirutha
➢ Yield of vanga bhasma was about 78.25%

41. 4. ROLE OF MEDIA IN THE PREPARATION OF VANGA BHASMA ( )
Materials & Methods:
➢ Sodhana – dhalana in churnodaka for 7 times
➢ Jarana – using aparmarga panchanga churna
➢ Bhavana – in kumari swarasa followed by puta
➢ Preparation of vanga bhasma using vastraputa method – Vanga patra was smeared with oil of
bhallathaka and placed in between the kalka of bhallathaka and powder of chincha, pippali and palasha
kwatha. All these materials were packed and tied in bundle of clothes and burned in a closed room
having nirvatasthana. After self cooling, white coloured vanga pushpa was collected
Observations:
➢ Vastraputa vanga bhasma method was found to be easier, convenient and less time consuming in
comparison to putapaka vanga bhasma
➢ Only disadvantage of the vastraputa method is that it is not suitable for large scale production
➢ Colour of the vastraputa vanga bhasma was white while dull white by putapaka method
➢ Tin oxide is the major compound find in both the vanga bhasma

42. 5. VANGA BHASMAAND ITS XRD ANALYSIS (Ancient Science of Life - 2010)
Observations:
➢ XRD analysis of sodhitha samples – After samanya and visesha sodhana, the obtained product was
major quantity of vanga only. XRD peaks of these samples correspond to untransformed tin metal.
This was evidenced y presence of Sn peak
➢ XRD analysis of jaritha vanga – XRD peaks were identified as SnO2 (tindioxide) , Sn and K2SnO2
(potassium tin oxide). The strongest peak corresponds to tin dioxide, a few peaks correspond to
unreduced metallic tin and potassium tin oxide peak is very low in intensity. Apamarga is rich in
potash reacts with tin therby forming the compound
➢ XRD analysis of vanga bhasma – The strongest peaks identified to be SnO2 with a small peak of
K2SnO2 which was followed from jarana process
➢ The presence of trace level extraneous element in vanga bhasma is due to the medium in which they
are prepared and that probably help in enhancing the property

43. 6. PHARMACEUTICAL & CLINICAL EVALUATION ON VANGA BHASMA IN THE
MANAGEMENT OF MADHUMEHA ( )
➢ Study design – prospective single blind uncontrolled clinical trial
➢ Preparation of medicine – Jaritha vanga + Sodhitha harithala + Bhavana in kumari swarasa followed
by 10 gajaputas
➢ Intervention – 30 patients with complaints of polyuria, intense thirst, hasta pada daha and high blood
sugar level was administered with 125 mg TDS of vanga bhasma with hot water after meal for a period
of 21 days including 7 days follow up
➢ Observations – Vanga bhasma showed encouraging result and able to control the severity of symptoms
within short period of treatment. No adverse effects noticed during the course of treatment, hence it is
clear that vanga bhasma is an ideal drug for the treatment of madhumeha.

44. 7. STUDY ON THE VRISHYA PROPERTY (TESTICULAR REGENERATIVE POTENTIAL) OF
VANGA BHASMA (Ancient Science of Life - 985)
➢ Study design – Experimental pharmacology
➢ Methodology
Group Drug Dose
A Control (No drug) -
B CdCl2 As S/C inj. 0.2013 mg/100gm BW
C CdCl2 & ZnSO4 As S/C inj. of ZnSO4 in the dose of 29.3 mg/100 gm BW
just before the administration of CdCl2 in the dose of
0.2013 mg/100gm BW
D CdCl2 & VB VB orally in the dose of 500 mg/Kg of BW (10 days)
6 hours prior to the administration of CdCl2
E CdCl2 & VB VB orally in the dose of 500 mg/Kg of BW (10 days) after
36 hours of CdCl2 S/C injection

45. Observations:
➢ Animals treated CdCl2 and sacrificed after 36 hours showed partial degeneration and necrosis of the
germinal epithelium, intestinal oedema, vascular congestion and neutrophilic and eosinophilic infiltration
in testicular tissues
➢ Animals treated with CdCl2 and sacrificed on 12th day showed degenerative changes in the testis such as
reduction in the thickness, extensive fatty vacuolization and necrosis of germinal epithelium, intestinal
oedema, congestion and neutrophilic and eosinophilic infiltration
➢ Animals treated with CdCl2 & ZnSO4 revealed only fatty changes and reduction in the thickness of
germinal epithelium
➢ Animals treated with CdCl2 & VB simultaneously showed fatty change in germinal epithelium affecting <
10 – 30% of tubules
➢ Animals with CdCl2 & VB after 36 hours showed focal reduction in thickness of germinal epithelium in
one animal and a few abnormally large spermatozoa in few tubules in another animal. Remaining with
normal looking
➢ Vanga bhasma may be a drug of choice in male sterility due to degenerative changes in testis

46. 8. A STUDY ON THE EFFECT OF A COMBINATION OF VANGA BHASMAAND SHILAJATHU IN
OLIGOSPERMIA (GAVC TVPM)
➢ Study design – Non randomized clinical trial
➢ Intervention – Combination of vanga bhasma and shilajathu in the form of gulika was administered for
a period of 1 month given half an hour after breakfast and dinner with sufficient quantity of honey in
21 patients having sperm count less than 20 million/ml on at least two semen analysis
➢ Results - The trial drug is effective in improving the semen volume, sperm count, total motility and
number of normal forms . It was effective in reducing nonmotile and abnormal sperms . No drug
reaction was noted during the study period

47. 9. EFFECT OF A COMBINATION OF VANGA BHASMA AND RASASINDURA IN DIABETIC
ULCER (GAVC TVPM)
➢ Study design – Non randomized clinical trial
➢ Intervention – A combination of vanga bhasma (120mg) and rasasindura (60mg) with 5ml of haridra
swarasa was given in the morning after food and washing the wound with triphala kwatha (1:1:1) twice
daily for a continuous period of 21 days with maintenance of proper diet
➢ Results
Trial drug showed marked reduction in FBS & PPBS levels.
The overall effect of the drug in the healing process is substantiated by reduction in the length, depth
and width of the wound.
Drug also showed alleviation of the associated symptoms of diabetic foot ulcers such as burning
sensation, itching inflammatory changes of the surrounding tissues, status of granulation tissue, odour,
pain, discharge etc.
There was marked reduction in ESR and improvement in Hb levels of the patients

48. 10. A PHARMACOTHERAPEUTIC STUDY OF TRIVANGA BHASMA WITH SPECIAL REFRENCE
TO MADHUMEHA (GAVC TVPM)
➢ Study design – Randomised clinical study
➢ Intervention -
Group A – Trivanga bhasma 125mg twice daily (in capsule form – 1 cap daily)
Group B – Nisakathakadi kwatha – 96ml twice daily
Drugs were administered orally for a period of 45 days with a follow up of 15 days
➢ Results –
Both the drugs were found to be effective in alleviating the symptoms like polyuria, polyphagia,
polydipsia, burning sensation and lassitude
Cholestrol, FBS,PPBS,FUS,PPUS levels showed significant reduction in both types of management
Trivanga bhasma was found to be superior to Nisakathakadi Kashaya with regards to its effectiveness
in causing reduction in symptoms and blood biochemical parameters
Negligible increase in the FBS &PPBS levels were noted after the withdrawal of trivanga bhasma
when compared to that of Nisakathakadi kwatha

49. REFERENCES
➢ Rasaratna samuchaya
➢ Rasatarangini
➢ Rasaprakasha sudhakara
➢ Rasapadhathi
➢ Rasendra Chudamani
➢ Rasopanishad
➢ Ayurveda Prakasha
➢ Rasendra Sara Sangraha
➢ Rasamritham
➢ Bhavaprakasha Nighantu

50. ➢ Rasahridaya Tandra
➢ Rasendra Chinthamani
➢ Rasamanjari
➢ Rasamitra
➢ Rasendra Mangala
➢ Yogaratnakara
➢ Sarangadhara Samhitha

51. THANK YOU