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Theory Virginia Handerson Presentaion.pptx
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- 2. Apr 9, 2025 2 Benazir Collage OfNursing @ SMBBMU Larkana FACULTY: Ma’am Sara Chandio DISCIPLINE: BSN Generic Batch 04 SUBJECT: Nursing Theories PRESENTATORS: Ms. Tahmeena Mugheri Ms. Iram Mallah Ms. Savera Ms. Nazia Raheem Mr. Syed Luqman Shah
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- 5. Objectives At the endof the session, learners will be able to: Discuss the introduction and achievement of Virginia Henderson . Explain major assumptions of the theory. Elaborate Virginia Henderson's 14 basics need of the patient. Discuss major concepts of Virginia Henderson's Theory (Metaparadigm). Compare Virginia Henderson's theory with Maslow's need base hierarchy theory. Identify strengths and weaknesses of Virginia Henderson’s theory. Discuss the applications of Virginia Henderson’s theory. Apr 9, 2025 5
- 6. Background of theTheorist Virginia Avenal Henderson was Born on November 30, 1897 in Kansas City, Missouri. Did her Diploma in Nursing from the Army School of Nursing at Walter Reed Hospital, Washington, D.C in 1921. She did her Bachelor’s Degree in 1932, Master’s Degree in 1934 from Columbia University . Apr 9, 2025 6
- 7. Introduction to Theorist She was a Nursing educator, Theorist, Researcher and an Author. Need Theory is her well known achievement . Henderson is also known as The Nightingale of modern Nursing. The First Lady of Nursing Modern-Day Mother of Nursing Apr 9, 2025 7
- 8. Cont….. In 1937,created a basic nursing curriculum for the National League for Nursing (Henderson,1991,p.19). In 1939, she revised: Harmer’s classic textbook of nursing for its 4th edition, and later wrote the 5th; edition, incorporating her personal definition of nursing in (Henderson,1991) Apr 9, 2025 8
- 9. Cont…. She joinedColumbia as a member of the faculty, where she remained until 1948 (Herrmann, 1998). In 1955- Published her definition of nursing in a text book called the “ Principle and practice of Nursing”. In 1966-She clarified her definition in the book “Nature of Nursing”. Sigma Theta Tau International Nursing library is named in her honor. Apr 9, 2025 9
- 10. Cont… She receivedhonorary doctoral degrees from the catholic university of America. She worked as research associate at Yale university school of nursing . Died: March 19, 1996. (Allen, 1996). Apr 9, 2025 10
- 11. Virginia Henderson's Definitionof Nursing “She defined nursing as “the unique function of the nurse is to assist the individual, sick or well, in the performance of those activities contributing to health or its recovery that he would perform unaided if he had the necessary strength, will or knowledge. And to do this in such a way as to help him gain independence as rapidly as possible.” (Henderson, 1966). Apr 9, 2025 11
- 12. Major Assumptions VirginiaHenderson’s Need Theory Assumptions Are: (1) Nurses care for patients until they can care for themselves once again. Although not precisely explained. (2) She assumes that patients desire to return to health, but not explicitly stated. (3) She also assumes that Nurses are willing to serve, and that “nurses will devote themselves to the patient day and night.” (4) A final assumption is that nurses should be educated at the university level in both arts and sciences. (Henderson also believes that the “mind and body are inseperable and are interrelated”) Apr 9, 2025 12
- 13. Henderson's 14 BasicNeeds of the Patient Apr 9, 2025 13
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- 20. Person Have basicneeds that are component of health. Requiring assistance to achieve health and independence or a peaceful death. Mind and body are inseparable and interrelated. Considers the biological, psychological, sociological, and spiritual components. The theory presents the patient as a sum of parts with biopsychosocial needs. Apr 9, 2025 20
- 21. Environment Although theNeed Theory did not explicitly define the environment, Henderson stated that maintaining a supportive environment conducive to health is one of her 14 activities for client assistance. She believes that society wants and expects the nurse’s acting for individuals who cannot function independently. Apr 9, 2025 21
- 22. Health Definition basedon individual’s ability to function independently as outlined in the 14 components. Nurses need to stress promotion of health and prevention and cure of disease. Good health is a challenge -affected by age, cultural background, physical, and intellectual capacities, and emotional balance Is the individual’s ability to meet these needs independently. Apr 9, 2025 22
- 23. Nursing Temporarily assistingan individual who lacks the necessary strength, will and knowledge to satisfy 1 or more of 14 basic needs. Assists and supports the individual in life activities and the attainment of independence. Nurse serves to make patient “complete” “whole", or "independent." Apr 9, 2025 23
- 24. Cont…. “Nurse shouldhave knowledge to practice individualized and human care and should be a scientific problem solver.” In the Nature of Nursing Nurse role is,” to get inside the patient’s skin and supplement his strength will or knowledge according to his needs.” Apr 9, 2025 24
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- 26. Apr 9, 2025 26 Maslow's Hierarchy Virginia Henderson’s 14 BasicNursing Functions • Physiological Needs • Breathe normally • Eat and drink adequately • Eliminate by all avenues of elimination • Move and maintain desirable posture • Sleep and rest • Select suitable clothing • Maintain body temperature • Keep body clean and well groomed and protect the integument V/S
- 27. Apr 9, 2025 27 Maslow's Hierarchy Virginia Henderson’s 14 BasicNursing Functions • Safety Needs • Avoid environmental dangers and avoid injuring others • Belongingness and Love Needs • Communicate with others • Worship according to faith • Esteem Needs • Work at something providing a sense of accomplishment • Play or participate in various forms of recreation • Learn, discover, or satisfy curiosity • Self Actualization Needs • None V/S
- 28. Strengths Henderson usedthe concepts of fundamental human needs which give the theory a dynamic coverage regarding patients need. It can effectively address patient need and elaborate nurses’ role. This theory is well suited and adoptable for nursing care and practice in various clinical settings. Apr 9, 2025 28
- 29. Cont….. Applicable tothe health of individuals of all ages. can be utilized by practitioners to guide and improve their practice. It’s design successfully wrap the components of nursing process. Henderson’s need theory is relevant to Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs. (George, 2011) Apr 9, 2025 29
- 30. Weakness Lack ofconceptual linkage between physiological and other human characteristics. If the assumption is made that the 14 components prioritized, the relationship among the components is unclear. Assisting the individual in the dying process she contends that the nurse helps, but there is little explanation of what the nurse does. “Peaceful death” is curious and significant nursing role. Apr 9, 2025 30
- 31. Application (Scenario) Mis.X,25 years old female client was admitted in the surgical unit, with attempted suicide. Two weeks ago, she ingested toilet cleaner because of a family dispute. Mis. X lived a rural life and had studied till 8th standard. Upon history taking, her mother informed that her marriage was planned two days before the incident. She was reluctant to share the reason for her suicide but stated that she was stressed out and tried to kill herself. Apr 9, 2025 31
- 32. Cont….. Her physicalassessment revealed alert, oriented but depressed female. Her chief complaints were difficulty in breathing and mood swings. Her report showed damaged larynx, mouth and stomach ulcers respectively. The dietician advised liquid diet but Mis. X showed dislike and resisted eating. Due to her limited intake, Foley’s catheter was passed for accurate record of her daily intake and output .She was noncompliance towards her intake and developed dehydration, irritability and insomnia . Apr 9, 2025 32
- 33. Nursing Assessment ofMis.X SNO Henderson's 14 Components Assessment Findings 1 Breathing normally She was experiencing difficulty in breathing; 2 Eat and drink adequately. She was advised liquid diet but she resisted taking any liquid 3 Elimination of body wastes Foley's catheter was in placed 4 Movement and Posturing Reports fatigue , Feeble to walk, Gait imbalance 5 Sleep and Rest Experiencing insomnia for three days, Dark circles around eye. Apr 9, 2025 33
- 34. Possible Nursing Diagnosesfor Mr.X Breathing Activity intolerance related to dyspnea Nutrition Nutritional Imbalance less than body requirement related to less desire to eat Elimination Altered Elimination Pattern related to catheter in- placement Movement and Posturing Impaired physical mobility related to fatigue and weakness Sleep and Rest Disturbed Sleep pattern related to external factors i.e. hospitalization Apr 9, 2025 34
- 35. Planning Plan anddocument how the nurse can assist the individual, sick or well, back to independence. Apr 9, 2025 35 Implementation • Uses the 14 basic needs in answering the factors contribute to the illness. • Assist the individual in performance of activities to meeting needs necessary to maintain health, recover from illness, or to facilitate in peaceful death.
- 36. Evaluation Apr 9, 2025 36 •Successful outcomes ofnursing care based on the speed with which or degree to which the patient performs independently the activities of daily living.
- 37. References Henderson, V.,& Nite, G. (1978). Principles and practice of nursing. New York, NY: Macmillan. McEwen M, Wills EM (2007). Theoretical basis for nursing, 4th Ed. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. George J. B. (2010). Nursing Theories-The base for professional Nursing Practice, 5thed. Norwalk, Appleton & Lange, USA. https://currentnursing.com/nursing_theory/Henderson.html Apr 9, 2025 37
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