The USS Cole was attacked by suicide bombers in the.docx
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The document discusses several topics related to terrorism: 1) The USS Cole attack in Yemen in 2000 and whether it constituted terrorism. 2) Two models ("top-down" and "bottom-up") of how individuals become terrorists and keys to interrupting these paths. 3) Valid critiques of US anti-terrorism efforts or stances defending these efforts. 4) Issues challenging counterterrorism strategies. 5) Views on the use of drones against al Qaeda with discussions of short and long term costs and benefits. 6) Thoughts on the US National Strategy for Countering Domestic Terrorism or key points on identifying extremist behavior.
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Essay : The Secret Life of Walter Mitty Film Analysis | Year 11 HSC .... The Secret Life of Walter Mitty. Essay-free - incpaper.web.fc2.com. The comparative analysis of The Secret Life of Walter Mitty and The Essay. Walter Mitty Essay | PDF.
Each question should be done on a separate word document, with refer
Each question should be done on a separate word document, with references.
Question 1
Revelations about the collection of vast amounts of data on telephone and computer use by the National Security Agency (NSA) have raised concerns about the threat to privacy. At the same time, many private companies collect extensive information on computer users. Read Craig Mundie (2014) "
Privacy
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
pragmatism: A
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
focus on data use, not data collection (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
." (right-click to open in new window)Â
Foreign Affairs,
Mar.-Apr. 2014. Retrieved from Columbia College online library,
Global Issues in Context
database. Look for a copy in
Files
Also, take a look at this one page brief by the
National Review (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
on the unmasking of U.S. Citizens. Does this review give you a reason for heartburn over not just the unmasking, but then leaking to the press? Click on the National Review link or see in course materials Unit 4. For background on the legal requirements of NSA unmasking and the 702 warrants see Hirsch and Maxey (March 24, 2017).
What are the arguments for changing the way we think about privacy in the modern world?
What concerns do you have about the extent to which government and corporations store and use information collected from citizens to spy on those same citizens? What benefits do you see?
References
Hirsch, S. and Maxey, L., (March 24, 2017). "Unmasking of U.S. Citizens in NSA Intercepts," The Cipher Brief. Retrieved from
https://www.thecipherbrief.com/article/exclusive/north-america/unmasking-us-citizens-found-nsa-intercepts-1091 (Links to an external site.)
Question 2
Watch the Frontline episode “Top Secret America: 9/11 to the Boston Bombings” that recounts a history of American intelligence efforts since 9/11. The program touches on many highly controversial intelligence issues including the justification for the Iraq War, the use of rendition and torture to gather intelligence, the use of drone weapons, broad surveillance of telephone and computer communications, widespread use of license plate and facial recognition technology, and camera surveillance. There has been a substantial investment in intelligence capabilities to conduct the War on Terror and prevent terrorist attacks. Is this effort relevant today?
Please address the following questions with brief answers (about 150 to 200 words):
Write using third person perspective
Justify using authoritative sources (peer review journals, published sources, FBI, etc.)
What questions does “Top Secret America” raise about U.S. intelligence gathering?
Is the gathering of intelligence infringing on civil liberties? Justify your answer.
Is the intelligence effort making America safe? Justify your answer.
Are these efforts relevant today?
Video
Frontline (2013). ...
In the years following the September 11, 2001, attacks, the number.docx
The document discusses terrorism incidents in various countries since 9/11. It lists 33 terrorist incidents in the US compared to 190 in the UK and thousands in Israel from 2001-2011. It then lists significant terrorist activities abroad and in the US from 2002-2009, including attacks in Kenya, Yemen, Indonesia, Spain, Saudi Arabia, London, Idaho, the Philippines, and Texas. Readers are asked to consider why certain areas face more terrorism, what sites have in common, if laws could prevent attacks, who should make such policies, if the US has a moral duty to stop foreign terrorism, and how 9/11 impacted American lives and priorities.
UNITED STATES AND CHINA 2001: PATRIOTIC HACKING
The document analyzes the 2001 cyber attacks between the United States and China following a collision between a U.S. plane and Chinese fighter jet. Chinese hackers began attacking U.S. websites in protest, and U.S. hackers retaliated, launching a 7-day cyber battle. The attacks involved web defacement, viruses, and DDoS attacks targeting government websites. Both sides were motivated by patriotism and tensions between the countries. The U.S. responded defensively while China took a more offensive approach. The attacks exposed vulnerabilities in how each country approached cyber defense and deterrence at the time.
AMERICAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY SYSTEMFINAL PAPER.docx
AMERICAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY SYSTEM
FINAL PAPER
KAELA SEAY
INTL434: Threat Analysis
26 February 2017
FINAL PAPER: ESSAY QUESTION ONE
Throughout history, threats have evolved significantly. Following the terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001, the face of threats began to change. Traditionally, threats originated from other nation and nation-states’ military forces. However, threats can now originate from a plethora of other, non-traditional sources that can potentially pose a far more dangerous threat. The infinite possibilities of threat that can be faced forces the United States government to analyze these new threats, their capabilities, and how they need to adjust their approach to better detect, prevent, and combat them. This essay will discuss where non-traditional threats may originate, how capable they are, how the United States government should approach them, and the problems they may face when doing so.
Today, the United States government faces many threats from non-state actors. Non-states can be anything a nation-state is not. Non-state threats are considered non-traditional threats, which makes analyzing them more difficult. These new, non-state actor threats can originate from one of the following sources: terrorist organization, criminal organizations, private organizations, extremist activist groups, lone wolf actors, and even pirates. Today, one of the largest threats the United States finds itself faced with is terrorist that originates from terrorist organizations. Non-traditional threats have presented the United States “with adversaries that are constantly changing and adapting to their environment and who will present fewer obvious patterns to analyze” (Haddock, n.d.). With the endless number of possible threats the United States is faced with, it would be impractical for the United States government to approach all non-state actor threats unilaterally.
Non-state actors have evolved into extremely capable and resourceful entities. “International terrorism once threatened Americans only when they were outside the country. Today international terrorists attack us on our own soil” (Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism, n.d.). One of the most common examples of a terrorist organization that the United States has faced threats from is Al Qaeda. Non-state actors such as Al Qaeda have similar characteristics, which include: international operations, funding, and logistical networks, less dependence on state sponsors, developed communication technologies, and lethal objectives (Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism, n.d.). Due to the capabilities of non-state actors, the United States government must look to international cooperation to detect, prevent, and combat these non-traditional threats.
Detecting, preventing, and combatting non-traditional threats from non-state actors such as terrorism is no easy task. Following the terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001, the Uni.
Discussion questions are brief answers. 1 to 2 paragraphs are suff.docx
Discussion questions are brief answers. 1 to 2 paragraphs are sufficient as long as the topic is covered.
1. As the text explained, there is no agreed-upon single definition of terrorism. For example, almost every major U.S. government agency has their definition of terrorism. In fact, hundreds of different definitions of terrorism exist. Suggest the key factors that you believe contribute to the lack of a global definition for terrorism. Provide one (1) example of such a lack of a definition in action to support your response.
2. From the first e-Activity, create your own comprehensive definition of terrorism. Explain the key elements of your definition, and suggest at least one (1) reason why the elements are important to your personal definition of terrorism. Use your personal definition of terrorism to determine whether or not you believe Hezbollah meets the criteria as a terrorist group. Provide a rationale for your response.
E Activity 1
· Use the Internet, and to research various definitions of terrorism. Research Hezbollah and the controversy of whether or not they should be considered a terrorist group as well. Be prepared to discuss.
3. From the list on the second e-Activity, determine the time period in which the meaning of terrorism at that point in time most closely resembled one (1) meaning of terrorism today. Determine the time period that you believe had a different meaning of terrorism than it does today. Provide a rationale to support your response.
E-Activity 2
The term “terrorism” was first used in modern Western history to describe the repressive actions of the French government against its people during the so-called “Reign of Terror.” The meaning of terrorism has evolved over time. Use the Internet to research the following major events / time periods in which the meaning of terrorism changed:
a. The Reign of Terror
b. The Napoleonic Wars
c. Revolutionaries and Nationalists during the mid-19th century
d. Communists in the Soviet Union
e. The Enlightenment
f. The American Revolution
4. Determine two time periods / major events in which the perceived meanings of terrorism at those times were most closely related. Provide a rationale to support your choices.
If you are using the Blackboard Mobile Learn IOS App, please click "View in Browser."
Assignment #1: Public and Private Security ( Use APA formatting)
Create a chart with two columns and list as least 10 differences between public and private security. Also, include your favorite website for public security and private security.
.
His 145 week 5 individual assignment terrorism paper
This document provides instructions for a terrorism paper assignment. Students are asked to write a 1000-1250 word paper addressing questions about terrorist activities around the world since 9/11. They must discuss at least 3 specific terrorist incidents from a list provided and consider why certain areas face more terrorism, what targets have in common, and whether laws/organizations could prevent attacks. Students must also discuss the US role in combating foreign terrorism and how terrorism has impacted American lives and priorities.
His 145 week 5 individual assignment terrorism paper
This document provides instructions for a terrorism paper assignment. Students are asked to write a 1000-1250 word paper addressing questions about terrorist activities around the world since 9/11. They must discuss at least 3 specific terrorist incidents from a list provided and consider why certain areas face heavier terrorist activity, what sites have in common, and whether laws/organizations could prevent attacks. Students must also discuss the US's role and how terrorism has impacted individual Americans and changed US priorities.
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Walter Mitty Essay.pdf
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Each question should be done on a separate word document, with refer
Each question should be done on a separate word document, with references.
Question 1
Revelations about the collection of vast amounts of data on telephone and computer use by the National Security Agency (NSA) have raised concerns about the threat to privacy. At the same time, many private companies collect extensive information on computer users. Read Craig Mundie (2014) "
Privacy
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
pragmatism: A
(Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
focus on data use, not data collection (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
." (right-click to open in new window)Â
Foreign Affairs,
Mar.-Apr. 2014. Retrieved from Columbia College online library,
Global Issues in Context
database. Look for a copy in
Files
Also, take a look at this one page brief by the
National Review (Links to an external site.)Links to an external site.
on the unmasking of U.S. Citizens. Does this review give you a reason for heartburn over not just the unmasking, but then leaking to the press? Click on the National Review link or see in course materials Unit 4. For background on the legal requirements of NSA unmasking and the 702 warrants see Hirsch and Maxey (March 24, 2017).
What are the arguments for changing the way we think about privacy in the modern world?
What concerns do you have about the extent to which government and corporations store and use information collected from citizens to spy on those same citizens? What benefits do you see?
References
Hirsch, S. and Maxey, L., (March 24, 2017). "Unmasking of U.S. Citizens in NSA Intercepts," The Cipher Brief. Retrieved from
https://www.thecipherbrief.com/article/exclusive/north-america/unmasking-us-citizens-found-nsa-intercepts-1091 (Links to an external site.)
Question 2
Watch the Frontline episode “Top Secret America: 9/11 to the Boston Bombings” that recounts a history of American intelligence efforts since 9/11. The program touches on many highly controversial intelligence issues including the justification for the Iraq War, the use of rendition and torture to gather intelligence, the use of drone weapons, broad surveillance of telephone and computer communications, widespread use of license plate and facial recognition technology, and camera surveillance. There has been a substantial investment in intelligence capabilities to conduct the War on Terror and prevent terrorist attacks. Is this effort relevant today?
Please address the following questions with brief answers (about 150 to 200 words):
Write using third person perspective
Justify using authoritative sources (peer review journals, published sources, FBI, etc.)
What questions does “Top Secret America” raise about U.S. intelligence gathering?
Is the gathering of intelligence infringing on civil liberties? Justify your answer.
Is the intelligence effort making America safe? Justify your answer.
Are these efforts relevant today?
Video
Frontline (2013). ...
In the years following the September 11, 2001, attacks, the number.docx
The document discusses terrorism incidents in various countries since 9/11. It lists 33 terrorist incidents in the US compared to 190 in the UK and thousands in Israel from 2001-2011. It then lists significant terrorist activities abroad and in the US from 2002-2009, including attacks in Kenya, Yemen, Indonesia, Spain, Saudi Arabia, London, Idaho, the Philippines, and Texas. Readers are asked to consider why certain areas face more terrorism, what sites have in common, if laws could prevent attacks, who should make such policies, if the US has a moral duty to stop foreign terrorism, and how 9/11 impacted American lives and priorities.
UNITED STATES AND CHINA 2001: PATRIOTIC HACKING
The document analyzes the 2001 cyber attacks between the United States and China following a collision between a U.S. plane and Chinese fighter jet. Chinese hackers began attacking U.S. websites in protest, and U.S. hackers retaliated, launching a 7-day cyber battle. The attacks involved web defacement, viruses, and DDoS attacks targeting government websites. Both sides were motivated by patriotism and tensions between the countries. The U.S. responded defensively while China took a more offensive approach. The attacks exposed vulnerabilities in how each country approached cyber defense and deterrence at the time.
AMERICAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY SYSTEMFINAL PAPER.docx
AMERICAN PUBLIC UNIVERSITY SYSTEM
FINAL PAPER
KAELA SEAY
INTL434: Threat Analysis
26 February 2017
FINAL PAPER: ESSAY QUESTION ONE
Throughout history, threats have evolved significantly. Following the terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001, the face of threats began to change. Traditionally, threats originated from other nation and nation-states’ military forces. However, threats can now originate from a plethora of other, non-traditional sources that can potentially pose a far more dangerous threat. The infinite possibilities of threat that can be faced forces the United States government to analyze these new threats, their capabilities, and how they need to adjust their approach to better detect, prevent, and combat them. This essay will discuss where non-traditional threats may originate, how capable they are, how the United States government should approach them, and the problems they may face when doing so.
Today, the United States government faces many threats from non-state actors. Non-states can be anything a nation-state is not. Non-state threats are considered non-traditional threats, which makes analyzing them more difficult. These new, non-state actor threats can originate from one of the following sources: terrorist organization, criminal organizations, private organizations, extremist activist groups, lone wolf actors, and even pirates. Today, one of the largest threats the United States finds itself faced with is terrorist that originates from terrorist organizations. Non-traditional threats have presented the United States “with adversaries that are constantly changing and adapting to their environment and who will present fewer obvious patterns to analyze” (Haddock, n.d.). With the endless number of possible threats the United States is faced with, it would be impractical for the United States government to approach all non-state actor threats unilaterally.
Non-state actors have evolved into extremely capable and resourceful entities. “International terrorism once threatened Americans only when they were outside the country. Today international terrorists attack us on our own soil” (Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism, n.d.). One of the most common examples of a terrorist organization that the United States has faced threats from is Al Qaeda. Non-state actors such as Al Qaeda have similar characteristics, which include: international operations, funding, and logistical networks, less dependence on state sponsors, developed communication technologies, and lethal objectives (Countering the Changing Threat of International Terrorism, n.d.). Due to the capabilities of non-state actors, the United States government must look to international cooperation to detect, prevent, and combat these non-traditional threats.
Detecting, preventing, and combatting non-traditional threats from non-state actors such as terrorism is no easy task. Following the terrorist attacks on September 11th, 2001, the Uni.
Discussion questions are brief answers. 1 to 2 paragraphs are suff.docx
Discussion questions are brief answers. 1 to 2 paragraphs are sufficient as long as the topic is covered.
1. As the text explained, there is no agreed-upon single definition of terrorism. For example, almost every major U.S. government agency has their definition of terrorism. In fact, hundreds of different definitions of terrorism exist. Suggest the key factors that you believe contribute to the lack of a global definition for terrorism. Provide one (1) example of such a lack of a definition in action to support your response.
2. From the first e-Activity, create your own comprehensive definition of terrorism. Explain the key elements of your definition, and suggest at least one (1) reason why the elements are important to your personal definition of terrorism. Use your personal definition of terrorism to determine whether or not you believe Hezbollah meets the criteria as a terrorist group. Provide a rationale for your response.
E Activity 1
· Use the Internet, and to research various definitions of terrorism. Research Hezbollah and the controversy of whether or not they should be considered a terrorist group as well. Be prepared to discuss.
3. From the list on the second e-Activity, determine the time period in which the meaning of terrorism at that point in time most closely resembled one (1) meaning of terrorism today. Determine the time period that you believe had a different meaning of terrorism than it does today. Provide a rationale to support your response.
E-Activity 2
The term “terrorism” was first used in modern Western history to describe the repressive actions of the French government against its people during the so-called “Reign of Terror.” The meaning of terrorism has evolved over time. Use the Internet to research the following major events / time periods in which the meaning of terrorism changed:
a. The Reign of Terror
b. The Napoleonic Wars
c. Revolutionaries and Nationalists during the mid-19th century
d. Communists in the Soviet Union
e. The Enlightenment
f. The American Revolution
4. Determine two time periods / major events in which the perceived meanings of terrorism at those times were most closely related. Provide a rationale to support your choices.
If you are using the Blackboard Mobile Learn IOS App, please click "View in Browser."
Assignment #1: Public and Private Security ( Use APA formatting)
Create a chart with two columns and list as least 10 differences between public and private security. Also, include your favorite website for public security and private security.
.
His 145 week 5 individual assignment terrorism paper
This document provides instructions for a terrorism paper assignment. Students are asked to write a 1000-1250 word paper addressing questions about terrorist activities around the world since 9/11. They must discuss at least 3 specific terrorist incidents from a list provided and consider why certain areas face more terrorism, what targets have in common, and whether laws/organizations could prevent attacks. Students must also discuss the US role in combating foreign terrorism and how terrorism has impacted American lives and priorities.
His 145 week 5 individual assignment terrorism paper
This document provides instructions for a terrorism paper assignment. Students are asked to write a 1000-1250 word paper addressing questions about terrorist activities around the world since 9/11. They must discuss at least 3 specific terrorist incidents from a list provided and consider why certain areas face heavier terrorist activity, what sites have in common, and whether laws/organizations could prevent attacks. Students must also discuss the US's role and how terrorism has impacted individual Americans and changed US priorities.
CJ509 Unit 5 DQPart 1 Topic TerrorismCritically discuss
CJ509
Unit 5 DQ
Part 1: Topic: Terrorism
Critically discuss with your classmates the differences and similarities of criminal acts of domestic and international terrorism. Include in the discussion the nature of the terrorist actor and their motivations in committing an act of terror.
Share with the class a summary of a terror event anywhere in the world (do not include 9/11 in this discussion).
Part 2: Student Response #1(Reply to Monica below)
Monica Mcalister
Terrorism at the XXVI Summer Olympiad
Terrorism
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has taken the broad spectrum of terrorism and divided the types into two areas: domestic terrorism and international terrorism. The definitions for both areas are rather broad in scope. According to Watson, domestic terrorism is defined by the FBI as “the unlawful use, or threatened use, of violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States (or its territories) without foreign direction” (para. 8). Additionally, the FBI uses the definition of “violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or any state, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or any state. Acts are intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population, influence the policy of a government, or affect the conduct of a government” (para. 9) for their international terrorism category.
Both domestic and international terrorism is rooted in extremist and their ideals and the use of tactics that promote terror to further their agenda. According to Martin (2019), the typical objectives for terrorism are to change the existing order, social disruption, psychological disruption, and creating a revolutionary environment (pp. 10-11).
Eric Rudolph was responsible for the July 27, 1996 bombing during the XXVI Summer Olympiad in Atlanta when he used a nail-laden pipe bomb in Centennial Olympic Park that killed a woman who had driven with her daughter to Atlanta to celebrate the Olympics, and injured over 100 others (History, 2010, para. 1). According to the FBI, the motives behind Rudolph’s attack included his anti-government, anti-gay, and other biases (para. 12).
References
FBI. (n.d). Famous cases and criminals: Eric Rudolph. Retrieved from: https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/eric-rudolph
History. (2010). Bombing at Centennial Olympic Park. A&E Television Networks. Retrieved from: https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bombing-at-centennial-olympic-park
Martin, G. (2019). Essentials of terrorism: Concepts and controversies (5th edition). Sage Publications.
Watson, D. (2002, February 6). The terrorist threat confronting the United States. The Federal Bureau of Investigation. http://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/testimoney/the-terrorist-threat-confronting-the-united-states
Part 3: Student Response (Respond to Kimberly below)
Terrorism - Why?
Kimberly Ord
According to th ...
Answer each question 250-300 wordsAPA Style1-2 resources per.docx
Answer each question 250-300 words
APA Style
1-2 resources per question
1. Discuss a specific current policy from one Middle Eastern country. What are the impacts of the policy within the respective country, the Middle East, and the world? How does the selected policy relate to terrorist activities? You may choose to discuss a policy that promotes or support terrorism or a policy designed to prevent terrorism.
2. Discuss the evolution of global jihad since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Provide at least three specific examples of events that occurred in the Middle East and discuss the ways these events influenced global jihad. How has each of these events contributed to the continued turmoil in the Middle East?
3. Discuss the current debate surrounding the definition of cyberterrorism. Why is there no common definition? What are some of the challenges associated with establishing a common definition? Provide examples of two competing definitions of cyberterrorism from different sources and discuss the differences between the definitions. What are the implications of these differences?
4. Discuss the characteristics that would distinguish an attack of cyberterrorism from an attack of cybercrime. Discuss four specific characteristics that could be used to identify an attack as cyberterrorism or cybercrime. Why is it important to effectively distinguish between the two?
5. What are the primary effects of state-sponsored terrorism on the domestic and global communities? How does state-sponsored terrorism impact the political, economic, and social factors within these communities? Which of these factors would you argue is most significantly impacted by state-sponsored terrorism, and why?
6. Consider the political, social, and economic effects of terrorist attacks committed by non-state actors. How do these effects differ, if at all, from the effects of state-sponsored terrorism? Would you argue that the political origin of terrorist attacks (state-sponsored vs. non-state-sponsored) alters the effects on the domestic and global communities, and why?
.
2013 workshop-on-intelligence
This document discusses intelligence and open source information. It argues that intelligence should focus on decision support, holistic analysis, counterintelligence on domestic threats, and integrated scalable IT. The document outlines a preliminary holistic analytic model and proposes that open source information can address most economic, social and military threats. It advocates for a whole of government approach to intelligence that focuses on cross-cutting issues rather than individual countries or domains. The document also discusses the need for new rules and approaches for intelligence, including greater emphasis on non-traditional threats, cultural and geospatial analysis, and collaborative work.
REPLY TO EACH POST 100 WORDS MIN EACH1. Throughout th.docx
**REPLY TO EACH POST 100 WORDS MIN EACH***
1. Throughout this course we have learned that the terms CBRN and WMD are interchangeable and can be best defined as any chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weaponized variant capable of producing immense destruction and large-scale casualties. Of the various types, chemical weapons really stood out to me as interesting because of their historical use in warfare, specifically mustard gas (HD) in World War I. It belongs to the sub classification of chemical weapons known as blister agents and although it does not always cause death, sulfur mustard, whether it is ingested, inhaled or makes contact with the skin can have adverse effects on the skin, eyes, respiratory tract, bone marrow, and mucous membranes of the body (CDC, 2018). Being a vesicant, it can be dispersed through any medium and has the ability to cause serious long term impairment of individuals through permanent blindness, chronic respiratory infections, lung cancer, and extensive third degree burns which is why the Chemical Weapons Convention banned the use, sale, and production of it in 1993. It is relatively easy, compared to the implementation of a radiological or nuclear device, for a terrorist organization to acquire the source materials and have the knowledge to create it. Iraq’s repeated chemical bombing of Iran’s Halabja district in 1988 and Syria’s use of chlorine gas against their own people in 2014 stand as recent examples of why mustard gas, or other forms of chemical weapons are of a higher threat level. Their simplicity, availability, and ability to be dispersed in multiple manners appeal to rogue nations and terrorist organizations alike. Prevention methods to diminish the associated risks include training and equipping individuals to be able to utilize personnel protective gear such as gas masks and hazmat suits, providing in place shelters capable of defending against gas exposure, tracking the buying and selling of toxic industrial resources, and limiting the knowledge available on how to produce such (although I am certain the latter would be the hardest with the development of the internet and information sharing).
2.Hello Classmates. I have chosen to discuss chlorine again because it is one of the most common chemicals that most people have in their homes right now. Chlorine’s most dangerous form is in its gaseous state but it is also used to clean pools, sanitize surfaces, and clean clothes. We even use it to decontaminate drinking water in water treatment plants. Injuries can be caused from eye exposure, skin exposure, inhalation, and ingestion (CDC, 2020). The chemical was used in World War I effectively as a chemical weapon. The chlorine gas was put into fuel tanks similar to the ones used today for propane. Since the gas is heavier than air, it would settle into the trenches where soldiers were hiding. This would force them out of the trenches to be shot fleeing or be forced to succumb to the .
Controversy Over The National Defense Authorization Act
The document discusses presidential powers and their relationship to the U.S. Constitution. It notes that while the Constitution divides powers between the executive, legislative, and judicial branches, it has left some ambiguity around presidential authority. This has led to tensions between Congress and the President over things like declaring war and conducting foreign policy. The Supreme Court has played an important role in settling disputes around presidential powers through landmark cases. Overall, the system of checks and balances between the three branches of government has helped define the scope of presidential authority while also leaving some flexibility for different interpretations based on the views of each sitting President and Congress.
Question 1 which is (DQ5) has 2 questions that has to be answered se.docx
Question 1 which is (DQ5) has 2 questions that has to be answered separetly and then there is DQ10 for a total of 3 questions answered with references for each question.
DQ5
Propose if Libya’s revolution was or was not the impetus for the attacks on the U.S. consulate in Benghazi. Provide two (2) specific reasons to support your rationale.
Analyze the underlying effect that both the powers of transnational roles on state sovereignty and the Westphalia system had on the civil unrest within Syria. Provide two (2) specific examples to support your rationale.
Examine which system - uni-polar, bipolar, or multi-polar - would be the most stable if the U.S. sought to maintain peace and regulate nuclear proliferation through world dominance. Provide two (2) specific examples to support your rationale.
Recommend at least two (2) strategies that any country could use in the effort to reduce the risk of war and armed conflict. Provide specific examples to support your rationale.
Reading:
International Organizations and Transnational Actors
This week we will begin by examining the various types of international organizations, focusing on the United Nations and the European Union. This includes transnational actors, including transnational corporations and transnational advocacy networks, concluding with a discussion of whether the increase in these various actors has led to the end of the Westphalian state system.
International governmental organizations (IGOs) are generally defined as organizations that have memberships of three or more nation-states. Today, there are thousands of these organizations, including the United Nations, the European Union, and the World Trade Organization.
Much like a nation-state, the EU is made up of executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The European Commission acts as the executive branch, while the Council acts as the legislature. The European Parliament is also part of the legislative arm of the organization. The Parliament is the only EU institution whose members are elected directly by the citizens. The European Court of Justice acts as the judicial branch, hearing cases over the meaning of a particular law or handling disputes among EU institutions.
In addition to IGOs, there are also transnational actors, which are actors whose activities cut across state boundaries. There are thousands and thousands of transnational actors, including transnational corporations and international nongovernmental organizations.
Transnational corporations, or TNCs, are companies whose production and sales operations span more than a single country. In an era of globalization, their numbers are increasing rapidly, as even relatively small firms seek international suppliers and markets.
International nongovernmental organizations, or INGOs, include a wide range of nongovernmental, nonbusiness organizations that operate across state boundaries. They are distinguished from IGOs in that their members are individuals, not state.
1. What are the explanations that have been offered in support of dr
1. What are the explanations that have been offered in support of dropping the atomic bomb? What is your response to these explanations? Make sure that you provide specific support from your readings.
2. Discuss how the automobile
positively or negatively
impacted American society.
3. Identify and list some of the factors that contributed to the success of the Civil Rights movement. Choose
one,
and discuss its significance to the movement, and explain why you made this particular choice.
4. Evaluate Richard Nixon's presidency. Aside from Watergate, should he be considered a good president?
5. Compare the Iran-contra scandal to Watergate. In your opinion, which one posed the greater threat to constitutional principles, Watergate or Irangate? Explain.
Instruction:
each question should be 200 words minimum
...
International Strategy for Cyberspace_ Kinetic Solutions to Virtual Challenges
- President Obama outlined a new U.S. strategy for cyberspace in 2011 that asserts the right to retaliate against cyber attacks using conventional military means.
- The strategy aims to deter cyber attacks, particularly from China which is viewed as the most prolific perpetrator of cyber espionage against the U.S.
- The document analyzes whether the new strategy could lead to a conventional war between the U.S. and China by examining their economic interdependence and applying international relations theories to assess the likelihood of conflict.
Question 1 Which of the following is currently organized outsi.docx
Question 1
Which of the following is currently organized outside the US Department of Defense?
Defense Intelligence Agency
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
National Security Agency
United States Coast Guard
Question 2
Which of the following did the US Supreme Court rule regarding legal rights and detainees held by the US government as “enemy combatants”?
Detainees had the right to a trial in a federal court
Detainees had the right to file a write of habeas corpus
Foreign governments had the right to challenge their detention
The US government had the right to withhold classified evidence
Question 3
Which of the following are included in Executive Order 13491 issued by President Obama shortly after taking office?
All US Department of Defense secret detention facilities must be closed
Interrogations must conform to the US Army Field Manual for Interrogations
The Central Intelligence Agency must cease all renditions of detainees
The International Committee of the Red Cross had access to ill detainees
Question 4
Which of the following is true about the two main sides of the public debate in the US regarding torture?
Both sides agreed that coercion was immoral, but they disagreed as to whether it was torture.
Both sides agreed that coercive techniques had led to unique intelligence, but they disagreed as to whether it was worth it.
Both sides agreed that torture and coercion was the same thing, but they disagreed as to whether it was legal.
Both sides agreed that torture protected our national security, but disagreed as to whether it damaged our foreign alliances.
Question 5
Which of the following is one of the reasons why Congress has resisted reforming its approach toward the US Intelligence Community?
Congress does not wish to implement new oversight measures on the Intelligence Community.
Congress does not wish to increase the bureaucracy to which the Intelligence Community is subject.
Congress wishes to ensure the Intelligence Community responds to the interests of policy makers.
Congress wishes to refrain from over influencing the Intelligence Community.
Question 6
At which point do terrorists enter the triangle of communication?
Government
Media
Politicians
Public
Question 7
Which of the following is an argument against the idea that publicity is a universal terrorist goal?
All terrorists already have their own publicity mechanisms
Modern technology has greatly increased the costs of publicity
Modern terrorists are more motivated to commit terror than gain publicity
Oppressive governments are the most susceptible to publicity
Question 8
Which of the following is a problem that occurs when the media treats the spokespersons for terrorist organizations the same as the spokespersons for state security organizations?
It decreases the legitimacy of the state government
It increases the terrorist organization’s respectability
It oversimplifies compl ...
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CJ509 Unit 5 DQPart 1 Topic TerrorismCritically discuss
CJ509
Unit 5 DQ
Part 1: Topic: Terrorism
Critically discuss with your classmates the differences and similarities of criminal acts of domestic and international terrorism. Include in the discussion the nature of the terrorist actor and their motivations in committing an act of terror.
Share with the class a summary of a terror event anywhere in the world (do not include 9/11 in this discussion).
Part 2: Student Response #1(Reply to Monica below)
Monica Mcalister
Terrorism at the XXVI Summer Olympiad
Terrorism
The Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI) has taken the broad spectrum of terrorism and divided the types into two areas: domestic terrorism and international terrorism. The definitions for both areas are rather broad in scope. According to Watson, domestic terrorism is defined by the FBI as “the unlawful use, or threatened use, of violence by a group or individual based and operating entirely within the United States (or its territories) without foreign direction” (para. 8). Additionally, the FBI uses the definition of “violent acts or acts dangerous to human life that are a violation of the criminal laws of the United States or any state, or that would be a criminal violation if committed within the jurisdiction of the United States or any state. Acts are intended to intimidate or coerce a civilian population, influence the policy of a government, or affect the conduct of a government” (para. 9) for their international terrorism category.
Both domestic and international terrorism is rooted in extremist and their ideals and the use of tactics that promote terror to further their agenda. According to Martin (2019), the typical objectives for terrorism are to change the existing order, social disruption, psychological disruption, and creating a revolutionary environment (pp. 10-11).
Eric Rudolph was responsible for the July 27, 1996 bombing during the XXVI Summer Olympiad in Atlanta when he used a nail-laden pipe bomb in Centennial Olympic Park that killed a woman who had driven with her daughter to Atlanta to celebrate the Olympics, and injured over 100 others (History, 2010, para. 1). According to the FBI, the motives behind Rudolph’s attack included his anti-government, anti-gay, and other biases (para. 12).
References
FBI. (n.d). Famous cases and criminals: Eric Rudolph. Retrieved from: https://www.fbi.gov/history/famous-cases/eric-rudolph
History. (2010). Bombing at Centennial Olympic Park. A&E Television Networks. Retrieved from: https://www.history.com/this-day-in-history/bombing-at-centennial-olympic-park
Martin, G. (2019). Essentials of terrorism: Concepts and controversies (5th edition). Sage Publications.
Watson, D. (2002, February 6). The terrorist threat confronting the United States. The Federal Bureau of Investigation. http://archives.fbi.gov/archives/news/testimoney/the-terrorist-threat-confronting-the-united-states
Part 3: Student Response (Respond to Kimberly below)
Terrorism - Why?
Kimberly Ord
According to th ...
Answer each question 250-300 wordsAPA Style1-2 resources per.docx
Answer each question 250-300 words
APA Style
1-2 resources per question
1. Discuss a specific current policy from one Middle Eastern country. What are the impacts of the policy within the respective country, the Middle East, and the world? How does the selected policy relate to terrorist activities? You may choose to discuss a policy that promotes or support terrorism or a policy designed to prevent terrorism.
2. Discuss the evolution of global jihad since the Iranian Revolution of 1979. Provide at least three specific examples of events that occurred in the Middle East and discuss the ways these events influenced global jihad. How has each of these events contributed to the continued turmoil in the Middle East?
3. Discuss the current debate surrounding the definition of cyberterrorism. Why is there no common definition? What are some of the challenges associated with establishing a common definition? Provide examples of two competing definitions of cyberterrorism from different sources and discuss the differences between the definitions. What are the implications of these differences?
4. Discuss the characteristics that would distinguish an attack of cyberterrorism from an attack of cybercrime. Discuss four specific characteristics that could be used to identify an attack as cyberterrorism or cybercrime. Why is it important to effectively distinguish between the two?
5. What are the primary effects of state-sponsored terrorism on the domestic and global communities? How does state-sponsored terrorism impact the political, economic, and social factors within these communities? Which of these factors would you argue is most significantly impacted by state-sponsored terrorism, and why?
6. Consider the political, social, and economic effects of terrorist attacks committed by non-state actors. How do these effects differ, if at all, from the effects of state-sponsored terrorism? Would you argue that the political origin of terrorist attacks (state-sponsored vs. non-state-sponsored) alters the effects on the domestic and global communities, and why?
.
2013 workshop-on-intelligence
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REPLY TO EACH POST 100 WORDS MIN EACH1. Throughout th.docx
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1. Throughout this course we have learned that the terms CBRN and WMD are interchangeable and can be best defined as any chemical, biological, radiological, or nuclear weaponized variant capable of producing immense destruction and large-scale casualties. Of the various types, chemical weapons really stood out to me as interesting because of their historical use in warfare, specifically mustard gas (HD) in World War I. It belongs to the sub classification of chemical weapons known as blister agents and although it does not always cause death, sulfur mustard, whether it is ingested, inhaled or makes contact with the skin can have adverse effects on the skin, eyes, respiratory tract, bone marrow, and mucous membranes of the body (CDC, 2018). Being a vesicant, it can be dispersed through any medium and has the ability to cause serious long term impairment of individuals through permanent blindness, chronic respiratory infections, lung cancer, and extensive third degree burns which is why the Chemical Weapons Convention banned the use, sale, and production of it in 1993. It is relatively easy, compared to the implementation of a radiological or nuclear device, for a terrorist organization to acquire the source materials and have the knowledge to create it. Iraq’s repeated chemical bombing of Iran’s Halabja district in 1988 and Syria’s use of chlorine gas against their own people in 2014 stand as recent examples of why mustard gas, or other forms of chemical weapons are of a higher threat level. Their simplicity, availability, and ability to be dispersed in multiple manners appeal to rogue nations and terrorist organizations alike. Prevention methods to diminish the associated risks include training and equipping individuals to be able to utilize personnel protective gear such as gas masks and hazmat suits, providing in place shelters capable of defending against gas exposure, tracking the buying and selling of toxic industrial resources, and limiting the knowledge available on how to produce such (although I am certain the latter would be the hardest with the development of the internet and information sharing).
2.Hello Classmates. I have chosen to discuss chlorine again because it is one of the most common chemicals that most people have in their homes right now. Chlorine’s most dangerous form is in its gaseous state but it is also used to clean pools, sanitize surfaces, and clean clothes. We even use it to decontaminate drinking water in water treatment plants. Injuries can be caused from eye exposure, skin exposure, inhalation, and ingestion (CDC, 2020). The chemical was used in World War I effectively as a chemical weapon. The chlorine gas was put into fuel tanks similar to the ones used today for propane. Since the gas is heavier than air, it would settle into the trenches where soldiers were hiding. This would force them out of the trenches to be shot fleeing or be forced to succumb to the .
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Question 1 which is (DQ5) has 2 questions that has to be answered se.docx
Question 1 which is (DQ5) has 2 questions that has to be answered separetly and then there is DQ10 for a total of 3 questions answered with references for each question.
DQ5
Propose if Libya’s revolution was or was not the impetus for the attacks on the U.S. consulate in Benghazi. Provide two (2) specific reasons to support your rationale.
Analyze the underlying effect that both the powers of transnational roles on state sovereignty and the Westphalia system had on the civil unrest within Syria. Provide two (2) specific examples to support your rationale.
Examine which system - uni-polar, bipolar, or multi-polar - would be the most stable if the U.S. sought to maintain peace and regulate nuclear proliferation through world dominance. Provide two (2) specific examples to support your rationale.
Recommend at least two (2) strategies that any country could use in the effort to reduce the risk of war and armed conflict. Provide specific examples to support your rationale.
Reading:
International Organizations and Transnational Actors
This week we will begin by examining the various types of international organizations, focusing on the United Nations and the European Union. This includes transnational actors, including transnational corporations and transnational advocacy networks, concluding with a discussion of whether the increase in these various actors has led to the end of the Westphalian state system.
International governmental organizations (IGOs) are generally defined as organizations that have memberships of three or more nation-states. Today, there are thousands of these organizations, including the United Nations, the European Union, and the World Trade Organization.
Much like a nation-state, the EU is made up of executive, legislative, and judicial branches. The European Commission acts as the executive branch, while the Council acts as the legislature. The European Parliament is also part of the legislative arm of the organization. The Parliament is the only EU institution whose members are elected directly by the citizens. The European Court of Justice acts as the judicial branch, hearing cases over the meaning of a particular law or handling disputes among EU institutions.
In addition to IGOs, there are also transnational actors, which are actors whose activities cut across state boundaries. There are thousands and thousands of transnational actors, including transnational corporations and international nongovernmental organizations.
Transnational corporations, or TNCs, are companies whose production and sales operations span more than a single country. In an era of globalization, their numbers are increasing rapidly, as even relatively small firms seek international suppliers and markets.
International nongovernmental organizations, or INGOs, include a wide range of nongovernmental, nonbusiness organizations that operate across state boundaries. They are distinguished from IGOs in that their members are individuals, not state.
1. What are the explanations that have been offered in support of dr
1. What are the explanations that have been offered in support of dropping the atomic bomb? What is your response to these explanations? Make sure that you provide specific support from your readings.
2. Discuss how the automobile
positively or negatively
impacted American society.
3. Identify and list some of the factors that contributed to the success of the Civil Rights movement. Choose
one,
and discuss its significance to the movement, and explain why you made this particular choice.
4. Evaluate Richard Nixon's presidency. Aside from Watergate, should he be considered a good president?
5. Compare the Iran-contra scandal to Watergate. In your opinion, which one posed the greater threat to constitutional principles, Watergate or Irangate? Explain.
Instruction:
each question should be 200 words minimum
...
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- The strategy aims to deter cyber attacks, particularly from China which is viewed as the most prolific perpetrator of cyber espionage against the U.S.
- The document analyzes whether the new strategy could lead to a conventional war between the U.S. and China by examining their economic interdependence and applying international relations theories to assess the likelihood of conflict.
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Question 1
Which of the following is currently organized outside the US Department of Defense?
Defense Intelligence Agency
National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency
National Security Agency
United States Coast Guard
Question 2
Which of the following did the US Supreme Court rule regarding legal rights and detainees held by the US government as “enemy combatants”?
Detainees had the right to a trial in a federal court
Detainees had the right to file a write of habeas corpus
Foreign governments had the right to challenge their detention
The US government had the right to withhold classified evidence
Question 3
Which of the following are included in Executive Order 13491 issued by President Obama shortly after taking office?
All US Department of Defense secret detention facilities must be closed
Interrogations must conform to the US Army Field Manual for Interrogations
The Central Intelligence Agency must cease all renditions of detainees
The International Committee of the Red Cross had access to ill detainees
Question 4
Which of the following is true about the two main sides of the public debate in the US regarding torture?
Both sides agreed that coercion was immoral, but they disagreed as to whether it was torture.
Both sides agreed that coercive techniques had led to unique intelligence, but they disagreed as to whether it was worth it.
Both sides agreed that torture and coercion was the same thing, but they disagreed as to whether it was legal.
Both sides agreed that torture protected our national security, but disagreed as to whether it damaged our foreign alliances.
Question 5
Which of the following is one of the reasons why Congress has resisted reforming its approach toward the US Intelligence Community?
Congress does not wish to implement new oversight measures on the Intelligence Community.
Congress does not wish to increase the bureaucracy to which the Intelligence Community is subject.
Congress wishes to ensure the Intelligence Community responds to the interests of policy makers.
Congress wishes to refrain from over influencing the Intelligence Community.
Question 6
At which point do terrorists enter the triangle of communication?
Government
Media
Politicians
Public
Question 7
Which of the following is an argument against the idea that publicity is a universal terrorist goal?
All terrorists already have their own publicity mechanisms
Modern technology has greatly increased the costs of publicity
Modern terrorists are more motivated to commit terror than gain publicity
Oppressive governments are the most susceptible to publicity
Question 8
Which of the following is a problem that occurs when the media treats the spokespersons for terrorist organizations the same as the spokespersons for state security organizations?
It decreases the legitimacy of the state government
It increases the terrorist organization’s respectability
It oversimplifies compl ...
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原版一模一样【微信：741003700 】【美国旧金山州立大学毕业证学位证书】【微信：741003700 】学位证，留信认证（真实可查，永久存档）offer、雅思、外壳等材料/诚信可靠,可直接看成品样本，帮您解决无法毕业带来的各种难题！外壳，原版制作，诚信可靠，可直接看成品样本。行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备。十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，包您满意。
本公司拥有海外各大学样板无数，能完美还原海外各大学 Bachelor Diploma degree, Master Degree Diploma
1:1完美还原海外各大学毕业材料上的工艺：水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠。文字图案浮雕、激光镭射、紫外荧光、温感、复印防伪等防伪工艺。材料咨询办理、认证咨询办理请加学历顾问Q/微741003700
留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
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一比一原版布拉德福德大学毕业证（bradford毕业证）如何办理
一模一样【微信：A575476】【布拉德福德大学毕业证（bradford毕业证）成绩单Offer】【微信：A575476】（留信学历认证永久存档查询）采用学校原版纸张、特殊工艺完全按照原版一比一制作（包括：隐形水印，阴影底纹，钢印LOGO烫金烫银，LOGO烫金烫银复合重叠，文字图案浮雕，激光镭射，紫外荧光，温感，复印防伪）行业标杆！精益求精，诚心合作，真诚制作！多年品质 ,按需精细制作，24小时接单,全套进口原装设备，十五年致力于帮助留学生解决难题，业务范围有加拿大、英国、澳洲、韩国、美国、新加坡，新西兰等学历材料，包您满意。
【业务选择办理准则】
一、工作未确定，回国需先给父母、亲戚朋友看下文凭的情况，办理一份就读学校的毕业证【微信：A575476】文凭即可
二、回国进私企、外企、自己做生意的情况，这些单位是不查询毕业证真伪的，而且国内没有渠道去查询国外文凭的真假，也不需要提供真实教育部认证。鉴于此，办理一份毕业证【微信：A575476】即可
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留信网认证的作用:
1:该专业认证可证明留学生真实身份
2:同时对留学生所学专业登记给予评定
3:国家专业人才认证中心颁发入库证书
4:这个认证书并且可以归档倒地方
5:凡事获得留信网入网的信息将会逐步更新到个人身份内，将在公安局网内查询个人身份证信息后，同步读取人才网入库信息
6:个人职称评审加20分
7:个人信誉贷款加10分
8:在国家人才网主办的国家网络招聘大会中纳入资料，供国家高端企业选择人才
→ 【关于价格问题（保证一手价格）
我们所定的价格是非常合理的，而且我们现在做得单子大多数都是代理和回头客户介绍的所以一般现在有新的单子 我给客户的都是第一手的代理价格，因为我想坦诚对待大家 不想跟大家在价格方面浪费时间
对于老客户或者被老客户介绍过来的朋友，我们都会适当给一些优惠。
选择实体注册公司办理，更放心，更安全！我们的承诺：可来公司面谈，可签订合同，会陪同客户一起到教育部认证窗口递交认证材料，客户在教育部官方认证查询网站查询到认证通过结果后付款，不成功不收费！
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