Jeremy Bentham was an English philosopher who developed the concept of utilitarianism. He left his estate to University College London on the condition that his preserved remains be present at board meetings. His body was preserved using South American techniques but his head deteriorated, so it was replaced by a wax head. For many years, his real head was displayed between his legs but it was frequently stolen and subject to pranks by students, until it was removed from display and placed in a vault.