this is a power point presentation about post analytical phase of histopathology practice made by taking references from a study of journal that explains about , what are the errors could be occur after preparing the slide to till dispatching the report

1. DR.AMANI MUTHAKANI
THE POST-ANALYTICAL PHASE OF
HISTOPATHOLOGY PRACTICE

2. INTRODUCTION:
 Storage And Retention
 Ownership of Tissue Material
 Role Of The Institution Review Board
 Informed Consent In Research
 Need For Law

3. Storage And Retention
 Two Things:Space,Proper conditions of storage
 Space-
• In general –A period of 10-20yrs is considered as lower limit guideline for storage and retention.
• In INDIA-They preserve specimen,blocks,slides for 10yrs & 25yrs in cancer referral center.
• College of American pathologists & joint commission on Accreditation of Health Care
Organization(USA)
a)10yrs-paraffin blocks,wet tissues,histologyslides,cytology smears
b) 7days-peripheral smear
• Royal college of pathologists(UK)
a)Permanently-Paraffin blocks
b)10yrs-Histology slides,smears
c)4wks-wet tissues

4.  Proper conditions of storage
I. Museum specimens & left over gross specimens are stored in 10% neutral buffered
formalin.
ratio-1:20
This buffered formalin maintains the solution at neutral/slightly alkaline Ph
WHEN TO REPLACE FOMALIN:
a)When Ph turns acidic(LITMUS PAPER TEST)
b)When paraformaldehyde precipitation is observed at bottom of the
container
c)When solution shows discolouration

5. II.Paraffin blocks & slides should be stored below 27°C (or) at room temperature
in humidity free conditions with adequate pest control.
III.Stained slides should be kept away from direct light to preserve the intensity
& quality of stains for a longer duration.
IV.Unstained slides should be kept in absolutely dry conditions to prevent
hydrolysis & adequate preservation of protiens.
V. Storage under refrigeration at 4°C has also been suggested as it was shown to
produce improved quality of staining,However it is neither proven nor in
practice.

6. Ownership/custodianship Of Tissue
Material
 Ownership rights-patient,surgeon,pathologist,institution.
 The patient may ask for tissue material to transferred to other pathology
laboratories for additional testing or consultation.
 The pathologist may need the tissue material for rechecking the diagnosis and
for further research purpose.
 The parent care providing institution may claim its rights over tissue material
particularly in the event of conflict.
 There is no established law to issue of ownership/custodianship of tissue
material.
 It is yet to be determined the ultimate authority and control over the fate of
excised tissue or biospecimens.

7.  Ownership-Includes the property rights,where the owner usually
possesses the right to use,sell,transfer,exchange or destroy his
property & to prohibit others from doing so.
 Custodianship-Involves charge and control of property within specified
legal guidelines.In general practice, it comes upon Pathology
departments under the ultimate binding of the parent institution.

8. Role of Institution Review board(IRB)
 Decision making regarding use of human tissue specimens is usually the
responsibility of IRB.
 IRB also known as institutional Ethics committee who are designated by Indian
Council for Research in India.
 It categorizes the research praposals according to the risk involved in the
research
1)Exemption from review
2)Expedited review
3)Full review

9. Informed consent in Research
 It is important to obtain an informed conset.
 Experts are now attempting to formulate an acceptable for consent.
 ONE TIME CONSENT-It covers all prospects of future research.
Also known as BLANKET CONSENT.
 RECONSENT-Consent has to be taken for every subsequent use of clinical
material.
 TIERED CONSENT-Which provides participants with a list of choices to which
they may decide to consent for.

10. Need For Law