The document examines the difficulties faced by Roma populations in Europe and the role of governments in contributing to their persecution. It provides background on Roma origins and populations, then discusses the prejudice and discrimination they face, including lack of access to education, employment, healthcare and political rights. Specific examples from the Czech Republic, Italy, and OSCE programs are discussed to show how governments have failed to dismantle discriminatory policies or protect Roma communities, despite initiatives like the Decade of Roma Inclusion. While some progress has been made, a lack of political will and limited Roma representation remain obstacles to meaningful change.