The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the freestanding bell tower of Pisa Cathedral in Pisa, Italy. Construction on the white marble tower began in 1173 but it began leaning due to a poor foundation on loose soil. Efforts to compensate for the lean as it was built added to the tilt, causing the tower to lean in the opposite direction and curve. Construction took over 200 years to complete the tower and harmonize its Gothic elements with the original Romanesque design. It currently leans at an angle of just under 4 degrees.
This presentation covers salient features of the stabilisation of the leaning tower of pisa. Presentation is basically based on the account of soil mechanics and other civil engineering techniques.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa began construction in 1173 in Pisa, Italy and took over 200 years to complete due to wars, with its tilt beginning during construction due to an inadequate foundation on unstable soil; it leans over 15 feet from vertical and was stabilized in the late 20th century by pumping liquid concrete to stop further leaning.
The document summarizes the history and structural characteristics of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. It began construction in 1173 but took almost 200 years to complete due to interruptions. By the 12th century, the tower was already leaning due to unstable soil consisting of soft clay and silt layers underneath. Various countermeasures over the centuries tried to stabilize it, but the most effective was soil extraction from the north side in the 1990s. This reduced stress and halted the leaning, ensuring the tower will remain stable for the next 300 years.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa began construction in 1172 and took almost 200 years to complete. It began leaning shortly after construction started due to unstable soil beneath the foundation that caused different rates of settling. Over the centuries, the tower continued leaning further due to the shifting soil. Restoration efforts in the 1990s included wrapping wires around the tower, adding counterweights to halt the lean, removing soil from the sinking north side, and installing suspension cables to stabilize the tower. Monitoring shows these efforts have successfully stopped the tower's lean from worsening.
The transept of Romanesque churches was unified by creating a regular crossing bordered by arches of equal size corresponding to the four arms of the church. Wall passages contained within church walls articulated the wall surface and decorated exterior faces. Ambulatories extended around apsidal sanctuaries, creating continuous passageways with attached chapels. Sculptural decoration included carved capitals, doorways and arcades, with regional variations.
The document summarizes the Pisa Cathedral complex, which includes the Cathedral, Baptistery, Campanile (Leaning Tower), Camposanto Monumentale cemetery, and other buildings surrounding the Piazza dei Miracoli. The complex began construction in the 11th century and features prominent Romanesque architecture. The buildings demonstrate Pisa's historical prosperity and were intended to establish the city as a religious and political center.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa began construction in 1173 but began leaning shortly after construction of the third floor due to unstable foundation soil. Construction halted for 100 years then resumed in 1272, making the lean worse. It continued to lean throughout additional construction. In the 20th century, engineers stabilized the tower to preserve its lean at a safer angle through the addition of counterweights. It is now a popular tourist attraction that leans at approximately 4 degrees.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is the freestanding bell tower of Pisa Cathedral in Pisa, Italy. Construction on the white marble tower began in 1173 but it began leaning due to a poor foundation on loose soil. Efforts to compensate for the lean as it was built added to the tilt, causing the tower to lean in the opposite direction and curve. Construction took over 200 years to complete the tower and harmonize its Gothic elements with the original Romanesque design. It currently leans at an angle of just under 4 degrees.
This presentation covers salient features of the stabilisation of the leaning tower of pisa. Presentation is basically based on the account of soil mechanics and other civil engineering techniques.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa began construction in 1173 in Pisa, Italy and took over 200 years to complete due to wars, with its tilt beginning during construction due to an inadequate foundation on unstable soil; it leans over 15 feet from vertical and was stabilized in the late 20th century by pumping liquid concrete to stop further leaning.
The document summarizes the history and structural characteristics of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. It began construction in 1173 but took almost 200 years to complete due to interruptions. By the 12th century, the tower was already leaning due to unstable soil consisting of soft clay and silt layers underneath. Various countermeasures over the centuries tried to stabilize it, but the most effective was soil extraction from the north side in the 1990s. This reduced stress and halted the leaning, ensuring the tower will remain stable for the next 300 years.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa began construction in 1172 and took almost 200 years to complete. It began leaning shortly after construction started due to unstable soil beneath the foundation that caused different rates of settling. Over the centuries, the tower continued leaning further due to the shifting soil. Restoration efforts in the 1990s included wrapping wires around the tower, adding counterweights to halt the lean, removing soil from the sinking north side, and installing suspension cables to stabilize the tower. Monitoring shows these efforts have successfully stopped the tower's lean from worsening.
The transept of Romanesque churches was unified by creating a regular crossing bordered by arches of equal size corresponding to the four arms of the church. Wall passages contained within church walls articulated the wall surface and decorated exterior faces. Ambulatories extended around apsidal sanctuaries, creating continuous passageways with attached chapels. Sculptural decoration included carved capitals, doorways and arcades, with regional variations.
The document summarizes the Pisa Cathedral complex, which includes the Cathedral, Baptistery, Campanile (Leaning Tower), Camposanto Monumentale cemetery, and other buildings surrounding the Piazza dei Miracoli. The complex began construction in the 11th century and features prominent Romanesque architecture. The buildings demonstrate Pisa's historical prosperity and were intended to establish the city as a religious and political center.
The Leaning Tower of Pisa began construction in 1173 but began leaning shortly after construction of the third floor due to unstable foundation soil. Construction halted for 100 years then resumed in 1272, making the lean worse. It continued to lean throughout additional construction. In the 20th century, engineers stabilized the tower to preserve its lean at a safer angle through the addition of counterweights. It is now a popular tourist attraction that leans at approximately 4 degrees.
Italy Highlight: The Medieval City of SienaTour Italy Now
Italy has many medieval towns and cities that have a unique charm to both locals and tourists alike. Visiting these places is literally a blast from the past, as you can see a slice of what life was like back then. These places tell a unique story that depicts the rich history and culture of the Italian people.
In today’s video, we will be taking a close look at the historic city of Siena.
----------------------------
Visit us at http://www.touritalynow.com/ or call our travel experts at 800.955.4418
Email: information@touritalynow.com
----------------------------
You can also follow us on:
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Twitter - https://twitter.com/touritalynow
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Slideshare - http://www.slideshare.net/touritalynow
----------------------------
Background Music: Enrique Plazaola
(No copyright infringement intended. All images used in the presentation belong to their respective owners. If you would like to be credited for your photo, please send us a message and we would be happy to credit you in the description. Thank you.)
An Introduction to the City of Ravenna, ItalyTour Italy Now
All about the city of Ravenna in Italy. The name may not ring a bell immediately, but it is a destination that is well worth going off the beaten path for!
A slideshow on the beautiful sights and panoramas of lovely Venezia. Dreaming of Venice? Give Tour Italy Now a call to make your Italian dream vacation come true!
Visit us at http://www.touritalynow.com/ or call our travel experts at 800.955.4418
Email: information@touritalynow.com
-----------------------------
(No copyright infringement intended. All images belong to their owners. If you would like to be credited for your photo, please send us a message and we would happy to credit you in the description. Thank you.)
Traveling in Italy can be a real delight and a dream come true for many visitors, as one gets to finally see and experience its beautiful countryside and its rich culture. Sometimes, though, it may not be as perfect as one hopes for it to be, and we may encounter mishaps. Of course, basic knowledge on safety and precaution always helps, but when things get really out of control, who do you turn to while you’re in a foreign country such as Italy?
In this slide deck, we’re going to give you a quick primer on what to do and who to call if you ever come across an emergency while traveling in Italy.
This document provides an overview of train travel basics in Italy. It discusses that trains are an efficient and affordable way to travel within Italy. It then covers the different options for purchasing tickets, including in advance online or at stations, and recommends validating tickets at machines before boarding. The document also outlines the main types of trains - Frecce and Eurostar Italia for fast high-speed trains, Intercity for slower regional trains, and Regional for local routes. Purchasing tickets for the appropriate type of train is important depending on travel needs and destinations.
Three Common Mistakes That Tourists In Italy MakeTour Italy Now
Going to Italy soon or thinking about going? Today, we'll be talking about some of the mistakes that a lot of tourists in Italy tend to make, and most importantly, how to avoid them! :)
Enjoy!
Common Italian Expressions for Your Next Italian VacationTour Italy Now
Here are some common Italian expressions that you'd hear just about everywhere in Italy. So don't panic if you hear your waiter say "Figo!" during your next Italy vacation... watch the video to find out why!
Beyond Art: Other Attractions to See in FlorenceTour Italy Now
This document provides a summary of additional attractions to see beyond art in Florence, Italy. It lists several non-art attractions, including the San Lorenzo food market filled with Italian products, panino con lampredotto sandwiches, the Biblioteca delle Oblate public library, secret bakeries open late at night, love locks at Piazzale Michelangelo bridge, artisans in the Oltrarno quarter, whimsical traffic signs by Clet Abraham, and describes Florence as a treasure box with endless discoveries around every corner.
How It Came to Be: The Origins of the Vatican CityTour Italy Now
The Vatican City originated as territories governed by the papacy known as the Papal States over 1100 years. In 1861, the Papal States were annexed by the newly formed Kingdom of Italy, confining the Pope within the Vatican. This standoff ended in 1929 with the Lateran Treaty establishing Vatican City as an independent state. The Holy See, distinct from Vatican City, is the episcopal see of Rome and possesses international legal personality, while Vatican City is the small territory it governs.
Spring is one of the best seasons to travel in Italy. And you can make your holiday even more memorable by participating in any of these spring festivals.
Here are some very useful tips on how to blend with the locals when touring Italy. Use these to make the your Italian holiday as hassle-free and memorable as possible.
This document provides guidance for enjoying beaches in Italy. It explains that most Italian beaches are divided into private beach clubs called stabilimenti balneari, where visitors pay a fee for amenities like umbrellas, bathrooms, showers, restaurants and bars. Typical schedules at these beaches include tanning and reading in the morning, lunch between 1-2pm followed by napping, and prime beach spots filling up early by 9am. Visitors are advised to pack sunscreen and bikinis are more common than one-piece suits. After sunset, some clubs transform into dance clubs at night. Free beaches without clubs also exist along the coasts.
Italian cuisine is extremely localized and varies widely between regions of Italy. Traditional Italian dishes also differ significantly from Italian-American cuisine, which includes dishes like chicken parmesan and spaghetti and meatballs that were invented in America. In Italy, menus strictly follow seasonal ingredients and traditional combinations that have been established over time. Pasta is usually cooked al dente, or with a slight firmness still remaining, and olive oil and balsamic vinegar are primarily used for salads rather than bread dipping.
Situated between rocky cliffs and the beautiful aquamarine sea, this village is known to be one of the smallest in the Amalfi Coast.
It used to be the summer residence of important families of Amalfi. Part of its charm is that, it has remained almost unchanged - from the scenic beach down to the houses in Piazza Umberto I and its winding streets.
Having a Great Time in Tuscany Without Breaking the BudgetTour Italy Now
To the travel savvy, Tuscany has an upscale reputation for its natural beauty, luxurious hotels and high-end wines. This gives it an aura of class that’s envied the world over.However,this can also deter potential visitors who are touring Italy on a tight budget. Reputations, though, don’t always tell the full story. If you do your homework and read up on Tuscan tourism, you’ll find out that you can actually keep the costs down without sacrificing spectacular outdoor views, breathtaking art, fine wine and great food.
Our Bahrain Visa PowerPoint Presentation offers a detailed and comprehensive guide to the Bahrain visa application process. It is designed to assist travelers, travel agents, and businesses in navigating the various visa types, including tourist, business, work, student, and family visas. Each section provides an in-depth look at eligibility criteria, required documents, and step-by-step application procedures. Additionally, the presentation includes valuable tips for avoiding common application mistakes, an overview of processing times, and details on fees and payment methods. This presentation aims to ensure a smooth and successful visa application experience, making travel to Bahrain as seamless as possible.
Ibiza, situated in the Balearic Islands, stands out as a destination that encompasses everything: stunning landscapes, hidden gems to explore, a vibrant social scene, rich cultural life, and exceptional gastronomy. Opting for ‘Ibiza Rent A Boat’ to experience an unforgettable vacation on the White Island is certainly worthwhile, prompting a deeper exploration of the unique and fascinating aspects of Ibiza.
Italy Highlight: The Medieval City of SienaTour Italy Now
Italy has many medieval towns and cities that have a unique charm to both locals and tourists alike. Visiting these places is literally a blast from the past, as you can see a slice of what life was like back then. These places tell a unique story that depicts the rich history and culture of the Italian people.
In today’s video, we will be taking a close look at the historic city of Siena.
----------------------------
Visit us at http://www.touritalynow.com/ or call our travel experts at 800.955.4418
Email: information@touritalynow.com
----------------------------
You can also follow us on:
Facebook - https://www.facebook.com/touritalynow/
Twitter - https://twitter.com/touritalynow
Instagram - http://instagram.com/touritalynow
Pinterest - http://www.pinterest.com/touritalynow/
GooglePlus - https://plus.google.com/+Touritalynow/
YouTube - https://www.youtube.com/user/TourItal...
Slideshare - http://www.slideshare.net/touritalynow
----------------------------
Background Music: Enrique Plazaola
(No copyright infringement intended. All images used in the presentation belong to their respective owners. If you would like to be credited for your photo, please send us a message and we would be happy to credit you in the description. Thank you.)
An Introduction to the City of Ravenna, ItalyTour Italy Now
All about the city of Ravenna in Italy. The name may not ring a bell immediately, but it is a destination that is well worth going off the beaten path for!
A slideshow on the beautiful sights and panoramas of lovely Venezia. Dreaming of Venice? Give Tour Italy Now a call to make your Italian dream vacation come true!
Visit us at http://www.touritalynow.com/ or call our travel experts at 800.955.4418
Email: information@touritalynow.com
-----------------------------
(No copyright infringement intended. All images belong to their owners. If you would like to be credited for your photo, please send us a message and we would happy to credit you in the description. Thank you.)
Traveling in Italy can be a real delight and a dream come true for many visitors, as one gets to finally see and experience its beautiful countryside and its rich culture. Sometimes, though, it may not be as perfect as one hopes for it to be, and we may encounter mishaps. Of course, basic knowledge on safety and precaution always helps, but when things get really out of control, who do you turn to while you’re in a foreign country such as Italy?
In this slide deck, we’re going to give you a quick primer on what to do and who to call if you ever come across an emergency while traveling in Italy.
This document provides an overview of train travel basics in Italy. It discusses that trains are an efficient and affordable way to travel within Italy. It then covers the different options for purchasing tickets, including in advance online or at stations, and recommends validating tickets at machines before boarding. The document also outlines the main types of trains - Frecce and Eurostar Italia for fast high-speed trains, Intercity for slower regional trains, and Regional for local routes. Purchasing tickets for the appropriate type of train is important depending on travel needs and destinations.
Three Common Mistakes That Tourists In Italy MakeTour Italy Now
Going to Italy soon or thinking about going? Today, we'll be talking about some of the mistakes that a lot of tourists in Italy tend to make, and most importantly, how to avoid them! :)
Enjoy!
Common Italian Expressions for Your Next Italian VacationTour Italy Now
Here are some common Italian expressions that you'd hear just about everywhere in Italy. So don't panic if you hear your waiter say "Figo!" during your next Italy vacation... watch the video to find out why!
Beyond Art: Other Attractions to See in FlorenceTour Italy Now
This document provides a summary of additional attractions to see beyond art in Florence, Italy. It lists several non-art attractions, including the San Lorenzo food market filled with Italian products, panino con lampredotto sandwiches, the Biblioteca delle Oblate public library, secret bakeries open late at night, love locks at Piazzale Michelangelo bridge, artisans in the Oltrarno quarter, whimsical traffic signs by Clet Abraham, and describes Florence as a treasure box with endless discoveries around every corner.
How It Came to Be: The Origins of the Vatican CityTour Italy Now
The Vatican City originated as territories governed by the papacy known as the Papal States over 1100 years. In 1861, the Papal States were annexed by the newly formed Kingdom of Italy, confining the Pope within the Vatican. This standoff ended in 1929 with the Lateran Treaty establishing Vatican City as an independent state. The Holy See, distinct from Vatican City, is the episcopal see of Rome and possesses international legal personality, while Vatican City is the small territory it governs.
Spring is one of the best seasons to travel in Italy. And you can make your holiday even more memorable by participating in any of these spring festivals.
Here are some very useful tips on how to blend with the locals when touring Italy. Use these to make the your Italian holiday as hassle-free and memorable as possible.
This document provides guidance for enjoying beaches in Italy. It explains that most Italian beaches are divided into private beach clubs called stabilimenti balneari, where visitors pay a fee for amenities like umbrellas, bathrooms, showers, restaurants and bars. Typical schedules at these beaches include tanning and reading in the morning, lunch between 1-2pm followed by napping, and prime beach spots filling up early by 9am. Visitors are advised to pack sunscreen and bikinis are more common than one-piece suits. After sunset, some clubs transform into dance clubs at night. Free beaches without clubs also exist along the coasts.
Italian cuisine is extremely localized and varies widely between regions of Italy. Traditional Italian dishes also differ significantly from Italian-American cuisine, which includes dishes like chicken parmesan and spaghetti and meatballs that were invented in America. In Italy, menus strictly follow seasonal ingredients and traditional combinations that have been established over time. Pasta is usually cooked al dente, or with a slight firmness still remaining, and olive oil and balsamic vinegar are primarily used for salads rather than bread dipping.
Situated between rocky cliffs and the beautiful aquamarine sea, this village is known to be one of the smallest in the Amalfi Coast.
It used to be the summer residence of important families of Amalfi. Part of its charm is that, it has remained almost unchanged - from the scenic beach down to the houses in Piazza Umberto I and its winding streets.
Having a Great Time in Tuscany Without Breaking the BudgetTour Italy Now
To the travel savvy, Tuscany has an upscale reputation for its natural beauty, luxurious hotels and high-end wines. This gives it an aura of class that’s envied the world over.However,this can also deter potential visitors who are touring Italy on a tight budget. Reputations, though, don’t always tell the full story. If you do your homework and read up on Tuscan tourism, you’ll find out that you can actually keep the costs down without sacrificing spectacular outdoor views, breathtaking art, fine wine and great food.
Our Bahrain Visa PowerPoint Presentation offers a detailed and comprehensive guide to the Bahrain visa application process. It is designed to assist travelers, travel agents, and businesses in navigating the various visa types, including tourist, business, work, student, and family visas. Each section provides an in-depth look at eligibility criteria, required documents, and step-by-step application procedures. Additionally, the presentation includes valuable tips for avoiding common application mistakes, an overview of processing times, and details on fees and payment methods. This presentation aims to ensure a smooth and successful visa application experience, making travel to Bahrain as seamless as possible.
Ibiza, situated in the Balearic Islands, stands out as a destination that encompasses everything: stunning landscapes, hidden gems to explore, a vibrant social scene, rich cultural life, and exceptional gastronomy. Opting for ‘Ibiza Rent A Boat’ to experience an unforgettable vacation on the White Island is certainly worthwhile, prompting a deeper exploration of the unique and fascinating aspects of Ibiza.
Southwest Airlines Low Fare Calendar: The Ultimate Guidei2aanshul
Travelling doesn't have to be expensive, especially with tools like the Southwest Airlines Low Fare Calendar at your disposal. This guide will take you through everything you need to know about using this feature to snag the best deals on your flights. Whether you're a seasoned traveller or planning your first trip, this guide will ensure you get the most out of your budget.
The Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is an unforgettable adventure, blending stunning natural beauty with rich history. Over four days, trekkers traverse diverse landscapes, from lush cloud forests to high mountain passes, encountering ancient Inca ruins along the way. Each step brings you closer to the awe-inspiring sight of Machu Picchu, revealed at sunrise from the Sun Gate. The journey is challenging but incredibly rewarding, offering a profound sense of accomplishment. With its combination of breathtaking scenery and cultural significance, the Inca Trail to Machu Picchu is a must-do for those seeking an extraordinary adventure in Peru.
A list of budget-friendly things that families can do in San Antonio! Dive into its rich history and vibrant culture at iconic landmarks like the Alamo. Explore colorful Market Square and stroll along the scenic River Walk. Enjoy family-friendly fun at Brackenridge Park and capture breathtaking views at the Tower of the Americas—all without breaking the bank!
The 09 Days Tour to Skardu by road offers a breathtaking journey through some of Pakistan’s most spectacular landscapes. Skardu, nestled in the heart of the Karakoram mountain range, is renowned for its stunning vistas, crystal-clear lakes, and rugged terrain.
Traveling with Frontier Airlines through Boston Logan International Airport offers a budget-friendly and efficient experience. With the modern facilities at Terminal C, extensive services, and amenities provided by Frontier, passengers can enjoy a comfortable journey. Whether you're a frequent flyer or a first-time traveler, this guide aims to help you navigate BOS with ease and make the most of your trip.
Experience the magic of bioluminescence at Puerto Rico's Bioluminescent Bay with our guide to optimal viewing. Plan your visit during the new moon phase for vibrant displays, and consider dry season from December to April. Book a guided tour, choose calm nights, and respect the environment for an unforgettable adventure.
Explore Austin's dynamic history and cultural tapestry on a captivating journey. From its origins as Texas' capital to architectural marvels like the Texas State Capitol and cultural hubs such as the Driskill Hotel. Dive into its diverse heritage, legendary music scene, key historical moments, natural beauty, and vibrant culinary delights.